Influences of polypropylene （PP） fiber and styrene-butadiene rubber （SBR） polymer latex on the strength performance, abrasion resistance of cement mortar were studied. The experimental results show that the flexur...Influences of polypropylene （PP） fiber and styrene-butadiene rubber （SBR） polymer latex on the strength performance, abrasion resistance of cement mortar were studied. The experimental results show that the flexural strength, brittleness index （σF/σC） and abrasion resistance can be improved significantly by the addition of PP fiber and SBR polymer latex. The relationship between the flexural strength and abrasion resistance was analyzed, showing a good linear relationship between them. The reinforced mechanism of PP fiber and SBR polymer latex on cement mortar was analyzed by some microscopic tests. The test results show that the addition of SBR polymer latex has no significant influence on the cement hydration after 7 d curing. Adding SBR polymer latex into cement mortar can form a polymer transition layer in the interfaces of PP fiber and cement hydrates, which improves the bonding properties between the PP fiber and cement mortar matrix effectively.展开更多
Silicone-acrylate copolymer latex was prepared through three different polymerization processes, i.e., the batch process, preemulsified monomer addition and the monomer addition process. The results revealed that the ...Silicone-acrylate copolymer latex was prepared through three different polymerization processes, i.e., the batch process, preemulsified monomer addition and the monomer addition process. The results revealed that the monomer addition process is a desirable approach to produce narrow particle size distribution latex with higher polymerization conversion and less amount of coagulum. The effect of silicone content on the glossiness and water absorption of latex film was investigated and the results showed that the glossiness of latex film is improved up to a silicone content of 10% of total monomers, but becomes impaired thereafter, whereas water absorption is reduced accordingly.展开更多
Covalently-colored polymer latex was synthesized via batch emulsion copolymerization of styrene, butyl acry- late and methacrylic acid in the presence of red polymerizable dye monomer consisting of anthraquinone chrom...Covalently-colored polymer latex was synthesized via batch emulsion copolymerization of styrene, butyl acry- late and methacrylic acid in the presence of red polymerizable dye monomer consisting of anthraquinone chromo- phore, alkyl spacer and acryloyl group, and the influences of the initiator, surfactant and polymerizable dye on the polymerization and the latex properties were investigated. Results showed that the initiator amount was a determi- native factor for the monomer conversion, and a high conversion of the polymerizable dye could be achieved when the ammonium persulfate amount was equal to or more than 1 wt% to the total monomers. Most of the chromo- phores were covalently bonded to the polymer chains if the polymerizable dye was used in the range of 0-1.5 wt% The light fastness of the resulting latex fihn was much better than that of the noncovalently-colored polymer film.展开更多
Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emu...Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emulsifiers at (78±2) ℃. The effects of different factors, such as the emulsifier, C-1706 monomer and its feeding manner on the properties of acrylate latex modified by C-1706 were investigated. The particle size distribution and the structure, the configuration, the weather durability and stain resistance of copolymer latex were characterized by particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and ultraviolet aging instrument respectively. The results show that SDS to OP-10 as multiple emulsifiers can lead to coordinated efficiency, the optimal emulsifier dosage is 2.4%?3.2%(mass fraction), and the mass ratio of SDS to OP-10 is 1?1? 1?2. The seeded emulsion polymerization can effectively introduce a organic-siloxane bonding in a macromolecule inter polymer, and the obtained acrylate latex modified by organic-siloxane possesses narrow distribution of particle size with mean diameter of 51.8?76.6 nm and has the excellent properties in weather durability and stain-resistance especially.展开更多
Monodisperse functional polymer microspheres with different particle size and with clean surface were prepared by batch soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene, methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid in the presenc...Monodisperse functional polymer microspheres with different particle size and with clean surface were prepared by batch soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene, methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid in the presence of salts, and the influences of type and amount of electrolytes on polymerization process and particle morphology were investigated. Results showed that there was a critical concentration for different electrolyte to make polymerization process and the resultant emulsion stable, and the particle size increased with the increase of electrolyte concentration. The effect of metal ions was Ca^2＋〉〉K^＋〉Na^＋〉Li^＋, and the effect of haloids was Br〉Cl〉F. Keywords： Electrolyte, soap-free emulsion polymerization, polystyrene, latex particle morphology.展开更多
A novel zinc-rich pigment based on P(St-BA-MAA-SPAA) nano-latex was obtained, which is suitable for the use in hot alkali liquid medium. The nano-latex was synthesized by active emulsifier latex polymerization method ...A novel zinc-rich pigment based on P(St-BA-MAA-SPAA) nano-latex was obtained, which is suitable for the use in hot alkali liquid medium. The nano-latex was synthesized by active emulsifier latex polymerization method with monomers of styrene (St), butylacrylate (BA), methylacrylic acid(MAA) in the presence of active emulsifier 3-sulfopropylacrylate(SPAA). The synthesis condition and properties of the latex were investigated. And the anti-corrosive property of the resultant zinc-rich coating was studied. The results show that the nano-latex is self-stabilized and has a narrow particle diameter distribution, the average diameter of the latex particles is 71 nm. Zinc powders can be evenly dispersed in the nano-latex, which indicates that the P(St-BA-MAA-SPAA) nano latex can be used as the binder of zinc-rich coating. The resultant zinc-rich coating is able to resist the invasion of hot alkali solution(the temperature is 95 ℃ and the pH value is 14) for 480 h and the exposure time in salt spray is 1 200 h. Moreover, the coating shows good thermal conductivity and static electricity properties, its thermal conductivity and electric resistivity are 21-37 W/(m·K) and 6.7×105-3.5×106 Ω·cm, respectively.展开更多
The effects of ionic emulsifier, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate (SDBS), on the formation of the multihollow structures in sub-micron sized polymer particles produced by alkali/acid posttreatment were investigated. The ...The effects of ionic emulsifier, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate (SDBS), on the formation of the multihollow structures in sub-micron sized polymer particles produced by alkali/acid posttreatment were investigated. The original latex particles with narrow size distribution were synthesized by a new sequence emulsifier-free/emulsifier emulsion copolymerization of styrene (St) and methacrylic acid (MAA). Results indicated that the pore size decreased and the pore number increased with the increase of SDBS amount, and the morphology of the posttreated latex particles was also significantly influenced by the introducing time of SDBS in the preparation of the original latex particles, and a suitable introducing time was 3 h of polymerization. (c) 2007 Cheng You Kan. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.展开更多
Styrene-acrylate latex with high glass transition temperature （T）, low minimum film forming temperature（MFT） and good stability was prepared via core-shell emulsion polymerization. With semicontinuous process, hig...Styrene-acrylate latex with high glass transition temperature （T）, low minimum film forming temperature（MFT） and good stability was prepared via core-shell emulsion polymerization. With semicontinuous process, high conversion rate of monomer and low gel rate were achieved. The weight ratio of core monomer to shell monomer was approximately 1.35. It is found that many factors such as emulsifiers, initiators, reaction temperature, pH value and polymerization technology have influences on the permormance of styrene-acrylate latex. The prepared latex was characterized by TEM and FTIR. The obtained latex with T of 20.57 ℃, MFT or5.0 ℃, and good stability, had good stability of film forming.展开更多
The seeded semicontinuous emulsion multi-copolymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2EHA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-hydroxyl propyl acrylate (HOPA) and acrylic acid (AA) was used to prepare th...The seeded semicontinuous emulsion multi-copolymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2EHA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-hydroxyl propyl acrylate (HOPA) and acrylic acid (AA) was used to prepare the acrylic latexes with high-solid content. The effects of monomer emulsion feed rates (R(a)) and (R/E)(E) values, the ratio of emulsifier amount between the initial charge (R) and the addition monomer emulsion (E), on the polymerization reaction features, the viscosities, surface tensions,particle sizes and particle sizes distributions of latexes, T-g and the insoluble fractions of films, the 180 degrees peel strength, tack and holding power of pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes, prepared from the latexes, were studied. Experimental study shows that the grafting and crosslinking fraction in the PSA tapes must be controlled within a suitable range to keep the balance of the 180 degrees peel strength, tack and holding power.展开更多
Stable poly（styrene-co-sodium styrene sulfonate） （P（St-NaSS） nanoparticles with broader size distribution were synthesized by thermal emulsion polymerization without any conventional initiators and emulsifiers. T...Stable poly（styrene-co-sodium styrene sulfonate） （P（St-NaSS） nanoparticles with broader size distribution were synthesized by thermal emulsion polymerization without any conventional initiators and emulsifiers. The obtained polymer nanoparticles have higher potential, and the particle sizes have broad distribution. The stability of polymer particles originated from the addition of small amounts of ionic comonomer, NaSS, which can act as an emulsifier in somewhat. The monomer conversion could reach up to about 28 wt% in 48 h, and did not increase by further polymerization when higher polymerization temperature （120℃） was employed. This polymerization system may be give some further understand for mechanism of emulsion polymerization.展开更多
A series of St/BA/MAA emulsion polymerizations was carried out. By using PCS (photon correlation spectroscopy), the particle size distribution (PSD) of the whole St/BA/MAA emulsion polymerization process was gotten e...A series of St/BA/MAA emulsion polymerizations was carried out. By using PCS (photon correlation spectroscopy), the particle size distribution (PSD) of the whole St/BA/MAA emulsion polymerization process was gotten easily and quickly. The effect of polymerization condition on PSD in St/BA/MAA emulsion process was discussed.展开更多
Polysiloxane-polystyrene composite latexes were prepared by two-stage emulsionpolymerization. Polymerization of styrene in swollen polysiloxane latex particles were studied.Formation of simple polystyrene particle in ...Polysiloxane-polystyrene composite latexes were prepared by two-stage emulsionpolymerization. Polymerization of styrene in swollen polysiloxane latex particles were studied.Formation of simple polystyrene particle in the 2nd-stage polymerization depends on the particlesize of the lst-stage latex and the polymerization temperature. Polystyrene domains in thevulcanizates reinforce the silicone rubbers effectively.展开更多
In the present paper a model equation for calculating the radical desorption rate constant,k<sub>0</sub>,in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate was suggested and the various parameters forevaluati...In the present paper a model equation for calculating the radical desorption rate constant,k<sub>0</sub>,in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate was suggested and the various parameters forevaluating k<sub>0</sub> were determined.Effects of reaction temperature,emulsifier concentration,initiator con-centration,monomer conversion and phase ratio on k<sub>0</sub> were studied.It indicates that the desorptionof radicals from latex particles to aqueous phase must be taken into account in the modelling ofemulsion polymerization for the monomers with higher hydrophilicity such as vinyl acetate.展开更多
基金Funded by the Science Project from Department of Communication of Hubei Province
文摘Influences of polypropylene （PP） fiber and styrene-butadiene rubber （SBR） polymer latex on the strength performance, abrasion resistance of cement mortar were studied. The experimental results show that the flexural strength, brittleness index （σF/σC） and abrasion resistance can be improved significantly by the addition of PP fiber and SBR polymer latex. The relationship between the flexural strength and abrasion resistance was analyzed, showing a good linear relationship between them. The reinforced mechanism of PP fiber and SBR polymer latex on cement mortar was analyzed by some microscopic tests. The test results show that the addition of SBR polymer latex has no significant influence on the cement hydration after 7 d curing. Adding SBR polymer latex into cement mortar can form a polymer transition layer in the interfaces of PP fiber and cement hydrates, which improves the bonding properties between the PP fiber and cement mortar matrix effectively.
文摘Silicone-acrylate copolymer latex was prepared through three different polymerization processes, i.e., the batch process, preemulsified monomer addition and the monomer addition process. The results revealed that the monomer addition process is a desirable approach to produce narrow particle size distribution latex with higher polymerization conversion and less amount of coagulum. The effect of silicone content on the glossiness and water absorption of latex film was investigated and the results showed that the glossiness of latex film is improved up to a silicone content of 10% of total monomers, but becomes impaired thereafter, whereas water absorption is reduced accordingly.
文摘Covalently-colored polymer latex was synthesized via batch emulsion copolymerization of styrene, butyl acry- late and methacrylic acid in the presence of red polymerizable dye monomer consisting of anthraquinone chromo- phore, alkyl spacer and acryloyl group, and the influences of the initiator, surfactant and polymerizable dye on the polymerization and the latex properties were investigated. Results showed that the initiator amount was a determi- native factor for the monomer conversion, and a high conversion of the polymerizable dye could be achieved when the ammonium persulfate amount was equal to or more than 1 wt% to the total monomers. Most of the chromo- phores were covalently bonded to the polymer chains if the polymerizable dye was used in the range of 0-1.5 wt% The light fastness of the resulting latex fihn was much better than that of the noncovalently-colored polymer film.
基金Project(2003B10506) supported by Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province, China
文摘Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emulsifiers at (78±2) ℃. The effects of different factors, such as the emulsifier, C-1706 monomer and its feeding manner on the properties of acrylate latex modified by C-1706 were investigated. The particle size distribution and the structure, the configuration, the weather durability and stain resistance of copolymer latex were characterized by particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and ultraviolet aging instrument respectively. The results show that SDS to OP-10 as multiple emulsifiers can lead to coordinated efficiency, the optimal emulsifier dosage is 2.4%?3.2%(mass fraction), and the mass ratio of SDS to OP-10 is 1?1? 1?2. The seeded emulsion polymerization can effectively introduce a organic-siloxane bonding in a macromolecule inter polymer, and the obtained acrylate latex modified by organic-siloxane possesses narrow distribution of particle size with mean diameter of 51.8?76.6 nm and has the excellent properties in weather durability and stain-resistance especially.
文摘Monodisperse functional polymer microspheres with different particle size and with clean surface were prepared by batch soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene, methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid in the presence of salts, and the influences of type and amount of electrolytes on polymerization process and particle morphology were investigated. Results showed that there was a critical concentration for different electrolyte to make polymerization process and the resultant emulsion stable, and the particle size increased with the increase of electrolyte concentration. The effect of metal ions was Ca^2＋〉〉K^＋〉Na^＋〉Li^＋, and the effect of haloids was Br〉Cl〉F. Keywords： Electrolyte, soap-free emulsion polymerization, polystyrene, latex particle morphology.
文摘A novel zinc-rich pigment based on P(St-BA-MAA-SPAA) nano-latex was obtained, which is suitable for the use in hot alkali liquid medium. The nano-latex was synthesized by active emulsifier latex polymerization method with monomers of styrene (St), butylacrylate (BA), methylacrylic acid(MAA) in the presence of active emulsifier 3-sulfopropylacrylate(SPAA). The synthesis condition and properties of the latex were investigated. And the anti-corrosive property of the resultant zinc-rich coating was studied. The results show that the nano-latex is self-stabilized and has a narrow particle diameter distribution, the average diameter of the latex particles is 71 nm. Zinc powders can be evenly dispersed in the nano-latex, which indicates that the P(St-BA-MAA-SPAA) nano latex can be used as the binder of zinc-rich coating. The resultant zinc-rich coating is able to resist the invasion of hot alkali solution(the temperature is 95 ℃ and the pH value is 14) for 480 h and the exposure time in salt spray is 1 200 h. Moreover, the coating shows good thermal conductivity and static electricity properties, its thermal conductivity and electric resistivity are 21-37 W/(m·K) and 6.7×105-3.5×106 Ω·cm, respectively.
文摘The effects of ionic emulsifier, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate (SDBS), on the formation of the multihollow structures in sub-micron sized polymer particles produced by alkali/acid posttreatment were investigated. The original latex particles with narrow size distribution were synthesized by a new sequence emulsifier-free/emulsifier emulsion copolymerization of styrene (St) and methacrylic acid (MAA). Results indicated that the pore size decreased and the pore number increased with the increase of SDBS amount, and the morphology of the posttreated latex particles was also significantly influenced by the introducing time of SDBS in the preparation of the original latex particles, and a suitable introducing time was 3 h of polymerization. (c) 2007 Cheng You Kan. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
文摘Styrene-acrylate latex with high glass transition temperature （T）, low minimum film forming temperature（MFT） and good stability was prepared via core-shell emulsion polymerization. With semicontinuous process, high conversion rate of monomer and low gel rate were achieved. The weight ratio of core monomer to shell monomer was approximately 1.35. It is found that many factors such as emulsifiers, initiators, reaction temperature, pH value and polymerization technology have influences on the permormance of styrene-acrylate latex. The prepared latex was characterized by TEM and FTIR. The obtained latex with T of 20.57 ℃, MFT or5.0 ℃, and good stability, had good stability of film forming.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The seeded semicontinuous emulsion multi-copolymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2EHA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-hydroxyl propyl acrylate (HOPA) and acrylic acid (AA) was used to prepare the acrylic latexes with high-solid content. The effects of monomer emulsion feed rates (R(a)) and (R/E)(E) values, the ratio of emulsifier amount between the initial charge (R) and the addition monomer emulsion (E), on the polymerization reaction features, the viscosities, surface tensions,particle sizes and particle sizes distributions of latexes, T-g and the insoluble fractions of films, the 180 degrees peel strength, tack and holding power of pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes, prepared from the latexes, were studied. Experimental study shows that the grafting and crosslinking fraction in the PSA tapes must be controlled within a suitable range to keep the balance of the 180 degrees peel strength, tack and holding power.
文摘Stable poly（styrene-co-sodium styrene sulfonate） （P（St-NaSS） nanoparticles with broader size distribution were synthesized by thermal emulsion polymerization without any conventional initiators and emulsifiers. The obtained polymer nanoparticles have higher potential, and the particle sizes have broad distribution. The stability of polymer particles originated from the addition of small amounts of ionic comonomer, NaSS, which can act as an emulsifier in somewhat. The monomer conversion could reach up to about 28 wt% in 48 h, and did not increase by further polymerization when higher polymerization temperature （120℃） was employed. This polymerization system may be give some further understand for mechanism of emulsion polymerization.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province
文摘A series of St/BA/MAA emulsion polymerizations was carried out. By using PCS (photon correlation spectroscopy), the particle size distribution (PSD) of the whole St/BA/MAA emulsion polymerization process was gotten easily and quickly. The effect of polymerization condition on PSD in St/BA/MAA emulsion process was discussed.
文摘Polysiloxane-polystyrene composite latexes were prepared by two-stage emulsionpolymerization. Polymerization of styrene in swollen polysiloxane latex particles were studied.Formation of simple polystyrene particle in the 2nd-stage polymerization depends on the particlesize of the lst-stage latex and the polymerization temperature. Polystyrene domains in thevulcanizates reinforce the silicone rubbers effectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In the present paper a model equation for calculating the radical desorption rate constant,k<sub>0</sub>,in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate was suggested and the various parameters forevaluating k<sub>0</sub> were determined.Effects of reaction temperature,emulsifier concentration,initiator con-centration,monomer conversion and phase ratio on k<sub>0</sub> were studied.It indicates that the desorptionof radicals from latex particles to aqueous phase must be taken into account in the modelling ofemulsion polymerization for the monomers with higher hydrophilicity such as vinyl acetate.
