STUDIES ON THE PREPARATION OF ZINC-CONTAINING ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Several kinds of activated carbon fibers, using sisal fiber as precursors, were prepared with steam activation or with ZnCl2 activation. Zinc or its compounds were dispersed in them. The antibacterial activities of these activated carbon fibers were determined and compared. The research results showed that these sisal based activated carbon fibers supporting zinc have stronger antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and S. aureus. The antibacterial activity is related to the precursors, the pyrolysis temperature, and the zinc content. In addition, small quantity of silver supported on zinc-containing ACFs will greatly enhance the antibacterial activity of ACFs.

PREPARATION AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER CONTAINING SILVER

Several kinds of activated carbon fiber（ACF）, Granule Activated carbon（AC） containing silver ion or fine silver particle(Ag-ACF/AC) have been prepared by soaking ACF or AC in the salt solution of silver. Ag, AgCl and AgI compounds have been loaded onto the fibers. The structure of the fibers was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Ag content in the fiber was obtained by an Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The Ag+ content in water after the antibacterial test was measured by an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopy. Antibacterial test was carried out against Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus). The results show that Ag-ACF/AC have strong antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus. After dealt with ACF/AC loading Ag, AgCl, AgI, no E.coli and S.aureus alive in solution can be detected. The analysis of Ag content in water after antibacterial test showed that the content of Ag meet the quality requirement of the National Potable Water Standard. It is indicated that ACF/AC-Ag in this experiment would be a safe antibacterial agent .

High thermal stability Cu_(2)O@OZrP micro-nano hybrids for melt-spun excellent antibacterial activity polyester fibers

Public safety incidents caused by bacterial infections have attracted widespread attention towards antibacterial textiles(fibers,fabrics,etc.).Nevertheless,it is still challenging to efficiently load inorganic nano-antibacterial materials in polymer fibers.In this work,zirconium phosphate(ZrP,layered micro-nano materials)was utilized as a micro-nano carrier.The octadecyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide(OTP)was intercalated between the ZrP sheets by the ion exchange method to improve the carrier-polymer compatibility and the antibacterial performance.Through in-situ chemical reduction,the ultra-small nano-sized cuprous oxide(Cu_(2)O<5 nm)was loaded on the outer surface of ZrP to realize the uniform and stable dispersion of the Cu_(2)O on the carrier and improve the antibacterial performance.The ZrP nanosheets loaded with Cu_(2)O and OTP(Cu_(2)O@OZrP)had excellent antibacterial properties,and the antibacterial rate against E.coli,S.aureus and C.albicans was more than 99%.The intercalation amount of OTP in Cu_(2)O@OZrP can reach 16%,and the thermal stability was excellent and a significant increase in the Zeta potential.Indeed,the decomposition temperature was greater than 350℃,which was suitable for high-temperature melt processing of polymers.Consequently,we prepared PET/Cu_(2)O@OZrP fibers using polyethylene glycol terephthalate(PET),which accounts for 70%of the total chemical fibers,as the fiber matrix.PET/Cu_(2)O@OZrP fibers exhibited excellent mechanical property and antibacterial performance when the content of Cu_(2)O@OZrP was only 0.2%.The antibacterial rate against five types of bacteria including super bacteria(MRSA,VRE)was more than 99%.

Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic and Antibacterial Cellulose‑Based Fibers and Fabrics:Bio‑inspiration,Strategies,and Applications

Cellulose-based fabrics are ubiquitous in our daily lives.They are the preferred choice for bedding materials,active sportswear,and next-to-skin apparels.However,the hydrophilic and polysaccharide characteristics of cellulose materials make them vulnerable to bacterial attack and pathogen infection.The design of antibacterial cellulose fabrics has been a long-term and on-going effort.Fabrication strategies based on the construction of surface micro-/nanostructure,chemical modification,and the application of antibacterial agents have been extensively investigated by many research groups worldwide.This review systematically discusses recent research on super-hydrophobic and antibacterial cellulose fabrics,focusing on morphology construction and surface modification.First,natural surfaces showing liquid-repellent and antibacterial properties are introduced and the mechanisms behind are explained.Then,the strategies for fabricating super-hydrophobic cellulose fabrics are summarized,and the contribution of the liquid-repellent function to reducing the adhesion of live bacteria and removing dead bacteria is elucidated.Representative studies on cellulose fabrics functionalized with super-hydrophobic and antibacterial properties are discussed in detail,and their potential applications are also introduced.Finally,the challenges in achieving super-hydrophobic antibacterial cellulose fabrics are discussed,and the future research direction in this area is proposed.

Black tantalic oxide submicro-particles coating on PEEK fibers woven into fabrics as artificial ligaments with photothermal antibacterial effect and osteogenic activity for promoting ligament-bone healing

Design of artificial ligaments possessing both osteogenic activity and antibacterial effect that promotes ligament-bone healing and prevents bacterial infection in bone tunnels for anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)reconstruction remains a significant challenge.In this study,black tantalic oxide(BTO)submicro-particles with oxygen vacancies and structure defects were fabricated by using traditional white tan-talic oxide(WTO)through magnesium thermal reduction(MTR)method,and BTO was coated on polyetheretherketone(PEEK)fibers(PKF),which were woven into fabrics(PBT)as artificial ligaments.PBT with BTO coating exhibited excellent photothermal performance,which possessed not only antibac-terial effects in vitro but also anti-infective ability in vivo.PBT with optimized surface properties(e.g.,submicro-topography and hydrophilicity)not only significantly facilitated rat bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSC)responses(e.g.,proliferation and osteogenic differentiation)in vitro but also stimulated new bone formation for ligament-bone healing in vivo.The presence of oxygen vacancies and structure de-fects in BTO did not change the surface properties and osteogenic activity of BPT while displaying an outstanding photothermal antibacterial effect.In summary,BPT with osteogenic activity and photother-mal antibacterial effect promoted bone regeneration and prevented bacterial infection,thereby promoting ligament-bone healing.Therefore,PBT would have tremendous potential as a novel artificial ligament for ACL reconstruction.

Preparation and Characterization of Raw and Chemically Modified Sponge-Gourd Fiber Reinforced Polylactic Acid Biocomposites

This research work has been undertaken to fabricate environmentally friendly biocomposites for biomedical and household applications. Sponge-gourd fibers (SGF) obtained from Luffa cylindrica plant were chemically treated separately using 5 and 10 wt% NaOH, acetic anhydride and benzoyl chloride solutions. SGF reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites were fabricated using melt compounding technique. Surface morphological, structural, mechanical and thermal properties, as well as antibacterial activities of raw and chemically modified SGF reinforced PLA (SGF-PLA) composites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, universal testing method, thermogravimetry, and Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method, respectively. Surface morphology indicates that after treatment of fibers, the interfacial adhesion between PLA and fibers is improved. X-ray diffractometry result shows that chemical treatment of fibers improves the crystallinity and exhibits new chemical bond formation in the composites. After chemical treatment, compressive strength of the composites is found to increase by 10% - 35%. The thermal stability of the treated fiber reinforced composites is also found to increase significantly. The composites have no antibacterial activities and no cytotoxic effect on non-cancer cell line. Soil burial test has confirmed that the composites are biodegradable. Benzoyl chloride treatment of fibers shows superior mechanical properties and enhances thermal stability among the composites.

黄麻韧皮纤维活性物质鉴定及抑菌效果分析

采用溶剂法从黄麻韧皮纤维中提取黄酮、多糖、生物碱3种成分,并对提取物的化学组分及抑菌效果进行测定分析。结果表明,3种提取物中总黄酮、总多糖、总生物碱含量分别为17.36 mg/g、3.57 mg/g、61.01μg/g。高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测出黄酮类提取物主要包括异槲皮素(167.47μg/g)、槲皮素(12.35μg/g)、木犀草素(6.41μg/g)、山奈酚(6.26μg/g)等;多糖类提取物中的单糖组分有半乳糖(0.41 mg/g)、半乳糖醛酸(0.43 mg/g)、阿拉伯糖(1.03 mg/g)等;生物碱类提取物主要组分为盐酸小檗碱(9.97μg/g)。纸片扩散法、二倍稀释观察法、扫描电镜分析显示,3种提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌均能产生不同程度的抑制效果。综上,黄麻韧皮纤维中的活性物质较为丰富,且具有良好的抑菌性能。

一种氧化锌复合物抗菌纺织纤维材料制备及性能测试

为降低抗菌材料生物毒性,提高其抗菌性能,本试验先通过原位还原法制备氧化锌复合物,并以该复合物作为抑菌剂,结合聚酯纤维无纺布制备一种抗菌纺织纤维材料,并研究其性能。试验结果表明,当氧化锌复合物中Cu含量在4.5%以上时,抗菌纺织纤维材料抑菌率基本达到99%,抗菌性能良好;在经过50次2 g/L的AATCC 1993标准洗涤剂洗涤后,抗菌纺织纤维材料抑菌率为97.6%,耐水洗性能良好;在经过12 h、24 h细胞培养后,抗菌纺织纤维材料的细胞相对存活率分别是86.6%、85.1%,生物相容性良好。综上,该抗菌纺织纤维材料综合性能良好,具备应用价值。

香蕉茎秆纤维/抗菌纤维混纺纱的制备及其性能

为促进天然香蕉茎秆纤维在纺织服装领域的应用,采用半精纺纺纱工艺,以香蕉茎秆纤维(BF)、优可丝安泰贝抗菌纤维(ATB)和稀土抑菌再生纤维素纤维(XT)为原料,制备了混纺比为50/50、65/35、70/30、85/15的8种BF/抗菌纤维混纺纱和1种BF纯纺纱,表征了纱线的线密度和捻度,探究了混纺比例与纱线力学性能、质量指标、抗菌性能的关系。结果表明,9种纱线实测的线密度和捻度与设计值存在偏差,但其偏差在允差范围内;ATB和XT的加入提高了BF纯纺纱的力学性能与抗菌性能,改善了BF纯纺纱的条干均匀度、毛羽指数、棉结、粗节、细节等质量指标,且香蕉/抗菌纤维混纺纱强度高、毛羽少、手感柔软,适宜开发各类机织和针织面料。

染整工艺对麻纤维抗菌性能的影响

从麻纤维自身形态结构、化学组成出发,分析了影响麻纤维自身抗菌性的因素。概述了染整加工工艺中脱胶、染料种类和染料助剂对麻纤维抗菌性能的影响,总结了麻织物的物理抗菌整理和化学抗菌整理方式。认为:在麻纤维自身具备抗菌性的基础上,采用添加天然抗菌剂、物理抗菌整理、植物染料染色等方法,可有效降低麻纤维生产加工过程中抗菌成分的流失,进一步提高麻织物的抗菌性能。

有色抗菌护肤远红外黏胶纤维制备及性能研究

将金缕梅提取物10.0份、植物色素1.7份制成浓度为20%的水溶液,胶原蛋白肽8.4份配成50%的水溶液,远红外陶瓷粉3.3份配成浓度为20%的悬浮液,按总添加质量为甲纤质量的14%与黏胶纺丝液共混,采用湿法纺丝方法制备线密度为1.67dtex、长度为38mm、颜色为樱花粉和柠檬黄的有色抗菌护肤远红外黏胶纤维。对纤维性能和功能进行测试,结果表明,有色抗菌护肤远红外黏胶纤维对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为87.25%、蛋白质含量为3.77%远红外发射率和温升分别为0.86和1.90℃,性能超过国家和行业标准。纤维纵向和横向形态无显著变化,红外特性、结晶度、取向度、力学性能均能满足后续纺纱织造要求。

PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜的制备及抗菌性能研究

以氧化亚铜(Cu_(2)O)为抗菌剂与聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)混合,经熟化、柱塞、挤出压延、干燥和拉伸定型等三维异步拉伸技术制备PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜,探究了Cu_(2)O的粒径、添加量对纤维膜微观形貌、孔径、孔隙率及透气透湿性能的影响,并评价了PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜的抗菌性能。结果表明:Cu_(2)O的粒径对PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜的微观形貌及透湿量影响不大,但粒径较小(98 nm)的Cu_(2)O制备的PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜性能较好;随着Cu_(2)O添加量的增加,PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜的“原纤-节点”结构更加均匀,平均孔径、孔隙率及透气率均有所增加,透湿量变化不大,当添加Cu_(2)O质量分数为0.8%时,PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜平均孔径为0.26μm,孔隙率为66.5%,透气率达到5.09 mm/s;添加粒径为98 nm的Cu_(2)O质量分数0.8%,制备的PTFE/Cu_(2)O纤维膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有一定的抗菌效果,抗菌实验表明大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的存活率分别为73%和69%。

铜氨络合粘胶纤维的制备及其抗菌性能

利用铜氨溶液对粘胶纤维进行处理,制备了铜氨络合粘胶纤维。分析了铜氨溶液浓度、反应时间对Cu^(2+)结合量的影响。通过SEM、XRD和XPS表征了粘胶纤维的形貌与化学结构,测试了不同Cu^(2+)结合量下铜氨络合粘胶纤维的抑菌性及耐水洗性能。结果表明:随着铜氨溶液浓度的提高,Cu^(2+)结合量迅速增加;当溶液浓度达到25.00 mmol/L时,Cu^(2+)结合量达到最大值;反应30 min,即可达到络合平衡。铜氨溶液处理后,Cu^(2+)与粘胶纤维的羟基发生配位络合反应,纤维纵向分布着络合物小颗粒,形貌变粗糙,横向截面变化较小;纤维化学结构无明显改变。铜氨络合粘胶纤维显示出较好的抗菌性能,当铜氨溶液浓度达到0.30 mmol/L时,对大肠埃希菌和金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别为97.80%和99.33%,经50次标准水洗后,抑菌率分别为83.40%和86.51%。

面向甲醛气味消除和抗菌防霉的多功能黏胶纤维制备与性能研究

随着环境问题和健康意识的增强,开发具有环保和功能性的纺织材料变得尤为重要。此次研究专注于开发一种新型多功能黏胶纤维,旨在消除甲醛气味并具有抗菌防霉性能。通过将植物提取物、橙花精油微胶囊和沸石微粉整合入纤维中,研究成功制备出具有优异多功能性的黏胶纤维。研究结果表明,这些纤维不仅有效吸附甲醛,还展现出显著的抗菌和防霉性能。其中B组配方在功能性与可纺性之间展现出最佳平衡,成为最优选择。

艾草抗菌纤维的抑菌活性及其在面膜中的应用

通过测试一种艾草抗菌纤维及其和多种抑菌成分复配使用对细菌、酵母菌和霉菌的抑制效果,为艾草抗菌纤维在面膜中的应用提供科学依据。测试结果表明:艾草抗菌纤维对不同抑菌成分的抑菌性能存在促进或拮抗作用。其中,艾草抗菌纤维与对羟基苯乙酮复配抑菌效果最佳,与质量分数0.1%对羟基苯乙酮、辛酰羟肟酸和覆盆子酮复配,均能较好满足面膜的防腐需求。

双组分聚乳酸纤维热风非织造布的制备及性能

为获得蓬松舒适的一次性卫生用品面层,以双组分皮芯结构聚乳酸(PLA)纤维为原料制备不同的热风非织造布,并与常规聚烯烃系(ES)纤维热风非织造布性能做对比,测试热风非织造布的拉伸性能、耐磨性能、透气透湿性能、液体穿透性能、抗菌性能及微生物降解性能。结果表明:相较于ES热风非织造布,PLA热风非织造布断裂强力、透气透湿性能略低,但仍满足一次性卫生用品标准要求;液体穿透性能及抗细菌性能更好;延长加热时间、提高热风温度可提高PLA热风非织造布的耐磨性和锁液能力;微生物降解140 d后降解率可达92.11%;综合性能更优。

耐久的超亲水性聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)中空纤维膜

为提高聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)中空纤维膜的亲水耐久性并赋予其一定的抗污染和抗菌的功能性,提出了一种低成本、简单的表面改性方法。亲水性的增强是表面化学成分和微纳粗糙度结构协同作用的结果。使用聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)作为亲水改性剂,戊二醛(GA)作为交联剂,在PTFE中空纤维表面构建了一层抗菌亲水层。在γ-缩水氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)的作用下,膜纤维表面成功形成了微纳米结构,进一步增强了膜纤维的亲水性和耐久性。值得注意的是,改性后的中空纤维膜具有超亲水性(WAC=0°)和出色的水通量(8185.38±178.27 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1))。经过14 d的酸(pH=1)、碱(pH=14)以及强氧化剂(3000 ppm Na⁃ClO)溶液人工加速清洗后,改性膜仍保持其超亲水性,且不损失水通量。研究表明,这种简便的亲水改性策略使得PTFE中空纤维膜在污水处理领域具有实际应用价值。

Durably and intrinsically antibacterial polyamide 6(PA6)via backbone end-capping with high temperature-resistant imidazolium

The antibacterial polyamide 6(PA6)material has attracted great research interest due to its wide ap-plication in food packaging,biomedical fields,functional textiles,and other fields.However,it is still a challenge to prepare intrinsically antibacterial PA6 with highly efficient and durably antibacterial activity via polymerization.Herein,the antibacterial imidazolium ionic liquid of 3-carboxymethyl-1-decyl imida-zole chloride was designed and synthesized for adapting the polymerization and processing temperature of PA6.Then antibacterial PA6(PA6-IL)was synthesized through hydrolyzed ring-opening copolymeriza-tion with imidazolium at the end of the backbones.Compared to physical blending or post-modification methods,antibacterial agents as end-capping reagents of polymer backbones endowed PA6 with intrin-sic antibacterial activity.As expected,the obtained PA6-IL exhibited not just comparable physicochemical and mechanical properties to conventional PA6 but excellent antibacterial activity of low antibacterial time to 60 min and durability for 28 days.Additionally,the corresponding electrospun PA6-IL nanofi-brous membranes showed homogenous morphology and remarkable hydrophilicity of 7.7° as well as the high-efficient antibacterial activity.Melt-spun PA6-IL microfibers revealed a smooth surface as well as enhanced tensile strength and increased breaking elongation compared to those of conventional PA6.The PA6-IL microfibers also behaved with excellent antibacterial efficiency and durability.Accordingly,this work provides a feasible and straightforward strategy to prepare durably and intrinsically antibacterial PA6 materials especially PA6 fibers,which can be widely applied in the textiles field.

纳米银负载的聚丙烯纤维膜制备及其对化生污染物防护性能研究

化生污染物可能会严重危及公众健康和生态环境安全,透气式防护服是抵御其威胁的重要防护装备。随着威胁形势不断演变和防护与舒适性需求的不断提高,迫切需要在防护材料上取得突破,以实现防护服在高阻隔、轻量化、透气性等性能上的综合提升。本文采用大气压低温等离子体表面改性结合化学接枝技术,制备了纳米银负载的聚丙烯(PP)纤维膜,以实现化生污染物的高效防护。通过优化熔体微分静电纺丝施加电压、收集辊转速等工艺参数,制备了高效低阻的PP纤维膜。通过等离子体电学、光学性能测试和纤维性能表征,证实等离子体处理过程可在PP纤维膜表面接枝含氧官能团,等离子体处理2 min时对纤维机械性能影响较小;制备的PP-CS-Ag复合纤维膜对芥子气模拟剂2-氯乙基乙基硫醚(2-CEES)24 h的降解率达95.87%,对大肠杆菌1h的灭活率达99.99%。

Antibacterial activity evaluation of a novel K3-specific phage against Acinetobacter baumannii and evidence for receptor-binding domain transfer across morphologies

Acinetobacter baumannii(A.baumannii)poses a serious public health challenge due to its notorious antimicrobial resistance,particularly carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii(CRAB).In this study,we isolated a virulent phage,named P1068,from medical wastewater capable of lysing CRAB,primarily targeting the K3 capsule type.Basic characterization showed that P1068 infected the A.baumannii ZWAb014 with an optimal MOI of 1,experienced a latent period of 10 min and maintained stability over a temperature range of 4–37C and pH range of 3–10.Phylogenetic and average nucleotide identity analyses indicate that P1068 can be classified as a novel species within the genus Obolenskvirus of the Caudoviricetes class as per the most recent virus classification released by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses(ICTV).Additionally,according to classical morphological classification,P1068 is identified as a T4-like phage(Myoviridae).Interestingly,we found that the tail fiber protein(TFP)of P1068 shares 74%coverage and 88.99%identity with the TFP of a T7-like phage(Podoviridae),AbKT21phiIII(NC_048142.1).This finding suggests that the TFP gene of phages may undergo horizontal transfer across different genera and morphologies.In vitro antimicrobial assays showed that P1068 exhibited antimicrobial activity against A.baumannii in both biofilm and planktonic states.In mouse models of intraperitoneal infection,P1068 phage protected mice from A.baumannii infection and significantly reduced bacterial loads in various tissues such as the brain,blood,lung,spleen,and liver compared to controls.In conclusion,this study demonstrates that phage P1068 might be a potential candidate for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant and biofilmforming A.baumannii infections,and expands the understanding of horizontal transfer of phage TFP genes.