An ESZ KTTV instrument of a new,relatively simple construction has been applied to determination of electric spark sensitivity of 29 polynitro arenes,expressed as spark energy,EES,required for 50-percent initiation pr...An ESZ KTTV instrument of a new,relatively simple construction has been applied to determination of electric spark sensitivity of 29 polynitro arenes,expressed as spark energy,EES,required for 50-percent initiation probability.The thermal stability thresholds,Tmax,were calculated from the published Arrhenius parameters of monomolecular thermal decomposition of the studied compounds,predominantly obtained under the conditions of the Russian manometric method.An approximate relationship has been found between the ln EES values and threshold Tmax values.In the sense of this relationship,the compounds studied fall into several sub-groups.The reason of the said diversification lies in the decomposition reaction rate at the temperature of onset of their thermal decomposition.It has been found that in each sub-group increasing thermal stability of polynitro arenes is accompanied by increasing electric spark sensitivity of these substances.This fact must be taken into account if we deal with the problem of electric spark energy transfer into the reaction centre of the molecule.展开更多
为了寻找兼具优异爆轰性能和良好热力学及动力学稳定性的高能材料,本文设计了15个硝基尿酸化合物,运用密度泛函理论,对其性质进行了研究.通过半经验的K-J方程和比冲量预测了其爆炸性能,结果表明,所设计分子的爆热、分子密度、爆炸速率...为了寻找兼具优异爆轰性能和良好热力学及动力学稳定性的高能材料,本文设计了15个硝基尿酸化合物,运用密度泛函理论,对其性质进行了研究.通过半经验的K-J方程和比冲量预测了其爆炸性能,结果表明,所设计分子的爆热、分子密度、爆炸速率和爆炸压强同硝基取代基数目之间存在较强的线性关系.三硝基尿酸和四硝基尿酸衍生物的爆炸速率超过了8.0 km/s,爆炸压强超过了30 GPa,并且大多数衍生物的比冲量要高于目前经常使用的炸药黑索金.通过计算N—NO2键的解离能、特征落高、分子的自由空间预判了衍生物的稳定性和撞击感度,结果显示,绝大多数分子有大于80 k J/mol的键解离能.本文的理论结果可以为实验上设计合成新的高能材料提供一些有用的信息.展开更多
基金The research was carried out under the auspices of the Ministry of Education,Youth & Sports of the Czech Republic as a part of its research project No.MSM0021627501
文摘An ESZ KTTV instrument of a new,relatively simple construction has been applied to determination of electric spark sensitivity of 29 polynitro arenes,expressed as spark energy,EES,required for 50-percent initiation probability.The thermal stability thresholds,Tmax,were calculated from the published Arrhenius parameters of monomolecular thermal decomposition of the studied compounds,predominantly obtained under the conditions of the Russian manometric method.An approximate relationship has been found between the ln EES values and threshold Tmax values.In the sense of this relationship,the compounds studied fall into several sub-groups.The reason of the said diversification lies in the decomposition reaction rate at the temperature of onset of their thermal decomposition.It has been found that in each sub-group increasing thermal stability of polynitro arenes is accompanied by increasing electric spark sensitivity of these substances.This fact must be taken into account if we deal with the problem of electric spark energy transfer into the reaction centre of the molecule.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21473010,20933001)~~
文摘为了寻找兼具优异爆轰性能和良好热力学及动力学稳定性的高能材料,本文设计了15个硝基尿酸化合物,运用密度泛函理论,对其性质进行了研究.通过半经验的K-J方程和比冲量预测了其爆炸性能,结果表明,所设计分子的爆热、分子密度、爆炸速率和爆炸压强同硝基取代基数目之间存在较强的线性关系.三硝基尿酸和四硝基尿酸衍生物的爆炸速率超过了8.0 km/s,爆炸压强超过了30 GPa,并且大多数衍生物的比冲量要高于目前经常使用的炸药黑索金.通过计算N—NO2键的解离能、特征落高、分子的自由空间预判了衍生物的稳定性和撞击感度,结果显示,绝大多数分子有大于80 k J/mol的键解离能.本文的理论结果可以为实验上设计合成新的高能材料提供一些有用的信息.
