[Objectives] This study was conducted to determine kaempferol content in ginkgo( Ginkgo biloba L.) leaves subjected to microbial fermentation.[Methods]Bacillus licheniformis was selected for solid-state fermentation o...[Objectives] This study was conducted to determine kaempferol content in ginkgo( Ginkgo biloba L.) leaves subjected to microbial fermentation.[Methods]Bacillus licheniformis was selected for solid-state fermentation of ginkgo leaves,and the content of kaempferol in ginkgo leaves was determined by RPHPLC method. At first,methanol was used to extract flavonoid glycosides,which were then hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid solution. HPLC was performed with Platisil ODS column C18( 150 mm ×4. 6 mm,5 μm) using mobile phase Vmethanol∶ Vwater( 0. 4% phosphoric acid solution) = 55∶45 at a flow rate of 1 ml/min,and the eluate was detected with a shimadzu HPLC ultraviolet detector at 360 nm. [Results]With kaempferol as the reference substance,the correlation coefficient was0. 999 2 in the range of 0. 001 06-0. 016 96 g/L. The content in the fermented product was less than that in the non-fermented product by 28%. [Conclusions]The method is simple,accurate,and is suitable for determination of kaempferol. This study will provide an experimental basis for the development and utilization of ginkgo.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves （EGB） and its metabolites have been reported to enhance brain function and nerve behavior. It has also been hypothesized that they can protect neurons from oxidative str...BACKGROUND： Extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves （EGB） and its metabolites have been reported to enhance brain function and nerve behavior. It has also been hypothesized that they can protect neurons from oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE： To investigate protective effects of EGB on peroxide （H2O2）-induced oxidative stress damage in PC12 cells. DESIGN： Observational contrast study. SETTING： Department ofPathophysiology, Guangdong Pharmacological College. MATERIALS： EGB was provided by Xi＇an Fujie Biotechnological Development Company; 1640 culture medium, methylthiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT）, trypsin and dimathyl sulfoxide （DMSO） by Sigma Company; PC12 cell strain by Cell Center of Medical College of Zhongshan University; calf serum by Hangzhou Sijiqing Bioengineering Company; lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） kit by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute. METHODS： The experiment was carried out in Department of Cell Biology of Guangdong Pharmacological College from June to December 2005. ①Cell culture： PC12 cells were cultured in 1640 medium containing 200 g/L fetal calf serum. The cells were diluted to 1 × 10^7 L^-1 and washed every two days. Those cells were used to experiment until they grew in logarithm on solid wall. ② Grouping and intervention： PC12 cells （1 × 10^8L^-1） were plated in 96-well plates with the density of 200 μ L/hole and divided into three groups： normal control group （routinely adding media）, H2O2 group （treating with media and H2O2 for 20 hours） and EGB group （adding media, 100μmol/L EGB and 100 μmol/L H2O2）. ③ MTT assay： PC12 cells （1 × 10^8L^-1） were plated in 96-well plates and divided into three groups with 8 holes for each group. Under sterile condition, cells were added with 5 g/L MTT （100μL） and cultured for 4 hours. And then, 200 μ L DMSO fluid was added and shaken for 30 minutes until blue crystal products formed were dissolved soundly ④ Experimental evaluation： Absorbance （A） at 630 nm was measured and LDH activity was measured at the same time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Results of MTT assay and LDH activity. RESULTS： ① Results of MTT assay： A value was lower in the H2O2 group than that in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01）, while A value was higher in the EGB group than that in the H2O2 group （P 〈 0.01）. ② LDH activity： LDH activity was higher in the H2O2 group than that in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01 ）, while LDH activity was lower in the EGB group than that in the H2O2 group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： EGB can inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage in PC12 cells possibly by preventing damage to the cell membrane.展开更多
[Objectives] This study aimed to determine the content of quercetin in ferment of Ginkgo biloba L.leaves.[Methods]Bacillus licheniformis was selected for solid-state fermentation of G.biloba leaf powder,and the conten...[Objectives] This study aimed to determine the content of quercetin in ferment of Ginkgo biloba L.leaves.[Methods]Bacillus licheniformis was selected for solid-state fermentation of G.biloba leaf powder,and the content of quercetin in ferment of G.biloba leaves was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.First,the flavonoid glycosides were extracted with methanol.Then,the flavonoid glycosides were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid to prepare the test solution.The chromatographic conditions were as follows:Platisil ODS C_(18) column(150 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm);V_(methonal)∶V_(water)(0.4% phosphoric acid solution) =55∶45;flow rate of 1 m L/min;Shimadzu UV detector;detection wavelength of 360 nm.[Results] Quercetin was used as a reference substance.In the range of 0.002 6-0.036 0 g/L,there was a good linear relationship,with correlation coefficient of 0.999 8 and RSD of 1.26%.[Conclusions] This method is simple,easy to operate,accurate,and reproducible.It is suitable for the determination of quercetin content in G.biloba leaves.展开更多
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Current treatments often involve synthetic drugs with significant side effects a...Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Current treatments often involve synthetic drugs with significant side effects and potential for dependency. This study investigates the effects of a natural supplement combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract on cognitive symptoms in a 77-year-old male with PD. The participant underwent a three-month supplementation regimen, with cognitive function assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test before and after the intervention. The results indicated an improvement in cognitive scores, suggesting that the combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract may offer a promising alternative or adjunct to conventional PD treatments. This study highlights the potential of natural supplements in managing PD symptoms and calls for further research with larger sample sizes to confirm these findings. Human data was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki by the Roxbury District IRB Board (IRB Number: IRB00011767).展开更多
Objective:Ginkgo biloba leaves,as an herbal medicine or dietary supplement,have been widely used worldwide.In this study,an integrated analytical method was established for the comprehensive analysis of flavonoids in ...Objective:Ginkgo biloba leaves,as an herbal medicine or dietary supplement,have been widely used worldwide.In this study,an integrated analytical method was established for the comprehensive analysis of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves.Materials and Methods:A practical chromatographic method combining high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint analysis and quantitation was used to simultaneously determine 11 flavonoids(6 flavonol glycosides and 5 biflavones)in G.biloba leaves from different regions.Results:A total of 11 characteristic peaks were identified accurately,and the similarity of fingerprints ranged from 0.944 to 0.996.Methodology validation revealed appropriate linearity(R^(2)≥0.9997),precision,repeatability,stability,and recovery.The total contents of the six flavonol glycosides and five biflavones were within the range of 2.142-8.378 mg/g and 3.759-5.675 mg/g in 19 batches of samples,respectively.Among them,two coumaroyl flavonol glycosides were the predominant components.Conclusions:In this study,a convenient and reliable approach was successfully employed for the comprehensive evaluation of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves,which also provided a reference for its quality standard.展开更多
基金Supported by Guilin Science and Technology Bureau Project(20100305)Guangxi"2011 Collaborative Innovation Center"-Zhuang Yao Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center Project(G2013[20])
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to determine kaempferol content in ginkgo( Ginkgo biloba L.) leaves subjected to microbial fermentation.[Methods]Bacillus licheniformis was selected for solid-state fermentation of ginkgo leaves,and the content of kaempferol in ginkgo leaves was determined by RPHPLC method. At first,methanol was used to extract flavonoid glycosides,which were then hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid solution. HPLC was performed with Platisil ODS column C18( 150 mm ×4. 6 mm,5 μm) using mobile phase Vmethanol∶ Vwater( 0. 4% phosphoric acid solution) = 55∶45 at a flow rate of 1 ml/min,and the eluate was detected with a shimadzu HPLC ultraviolet detector at 360 nm. [Results]With kaempferol as the reference substance,the correlation coefficient was0. 999 2 in the range of 0. 001 06-0. 016 96 g/L. The content in the fermented product was less than that in the non-fermented product by 28%. [Conclusions]The method is simple,accurate,and is suitable for determination of kaempferol. This study will provide an experimental basis for the development and utilization of ginkgo.
基金Initial Funding for Doctor from Guangdong Science and Technology Bureau, No. 06300709Initial Funding for Doctor from Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, No. 43543096
文摘BACKGROUND： Extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves （EGB） and its metabolites have been reported to enhance brain function and nerve behavior. It has also been hypothesized that they can protect neurons from oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE： To investigate protective effects of EGB on peroxide （H2O2）-induced oxidative stress damage in PC12 cells. DESIGN： Observational contrast study. SETTING： Department ofPathophysiology, Guangdong Pharmacological College. MATERIALS： EGB was provided by Xi＇an Fujie Biotechnological Development Company; 1640 culture medium, methylthiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT）, trypsin and dimathyl sulfoxide （DMSO） by Sigma Company; PC12 cell strain by Cell Center of Medical College of Zhongshan University; calf serum by Hangzhou Sijiqing Bioengineering Company; lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） kit by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute. METHODS： The experiment was carried out in Department of Cell Biology of Guangdong Pharmacological College from June to December 2005. ①Cell culture： PC12 cells were cultured in 1640 medium containing 200 g/L fetal calf serum. The cells were diluted to 1 × 10^7 L^-1 and washed every two days. Those cells were used to experiment until they grew in logarithm on solid wall. ② Grouping and intervention： PC12 cells （1 × 10^8L^-1） were plated in 96-well plates with the density of 200 μ L/hole and divided into three groups： normal control group （routinely adding media）, H2O2 group （treating with media and H2O2 for 20 hours） and EGB group （adding media, 100μmol/L EGB and 100 μmol/L H2O2）. ③ MTT assay： PC12 cells （1 × 10^8L^-1） were plated in 96-well plates and divided into three groups with 8 holes for each group. Under sterile condition, cells were added with 5 g/L MTT （100μL） and cultured for 4 hours. And then, 200 μ L DMSO fluid was added and shaken for 30 minutes until blue crystal products formed were dissolved soundly ④ Experimental evaluation： Absorbance （A） at 630 nm was measured and LDH activity was measured at the same time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Results of MTT assay and LDH activity. RESULTS： ① Results of MTT assay： A value was lower in the H2O2 group than that in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01）, while A value was higher in the EGB group than that in the H2O2 group （P 〈 0.01）. ② LDH activity： LDH activity was higher in the H2O2 group than that in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01 ）, while LDH activity was lower in the EGB group than that in the H2O2 group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： EGB can inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage in PC12 cells possibly by preventing damage to the cell membrane.
基金Supported by Project of Guilin Science and Technology Bureau(20100305)Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center:Zhuang Yao Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center(Gui 2013[20])Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project(GZMZ1202)
文摘[Objectives] This study aimed to determine the content of quercetin in ferment of Ginkgo biloba L.leaves.[Methods]Bacillus licheniformis was selected for solid-state fermentation of G.biloba leaf powder,and the content of quercetin in ferment of G.biloba leaves was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.First,the flavonoid glycosides were extracted with methanol.Then,the flavonoid glycosides were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid to prepare the test solution.The chromatographic conditions were as follows:Platisil ODS C_(18) column(150 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm);V_(methonal)∶V_(water)(0.4% phosphoric acid solution) =55∶45;flow rate of 1 m L/min;Shimadzu UV detector;detection wavelength of 360 nm.[Results] Quercetin was used as a reference substance.In the range of 0.002 6-0.036 0 g/L,there was a good linear relationship,with correlation coefficient of 0.999 8 and RSD of 1.26%.[Conclusions] This method is simple,easy to operate,accurate,and reproducible.It is suitable for the determination of quercetin content in G.biloba leaves.
文摘Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Current treatments often involve synthetic drugs with significant side effects and potential for dependency. This study investigates the effects of a natural supplement combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract on cognitive symptoms in a 77-year-old male with PD. The participant underwent a three-month supplementation regimen, with cognitive function assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test before and after the intervention. The results indicated an improvement in cognitive scores, suggesting that the combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract may offer a promising alternative or adjunct to conventional PD treatments. This study highlights the potential of natural supplements in managing PD symptoms and calls for further research with larger sample sizes to confirm these findings. Human data was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki by the Roxbury District IRB Board (IRB Number: IRB00011767).
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81722048)。
文摘Objective:Ginkgo biloba leaves,as an herbal medicine or dietary supplement,have been widely used worldwide.In this study,an integrated analytical method was established for the comprehensive analysis of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves.Materials and Methods:A practical chromatographic method combining high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint analysis and quantitation was used to simultaneously determine 11 flavonoids(6 flavonol glycosides and 5 biflavones)in G.biloba leaves from different regions.Results:A total of 11 characteristic peaks were identified accurately,and the similarity of fingerprints ranged from 0.944 to 0.996.Methodology validation revealed appropriate linearity(R^(2)≥0.9997),precision,repeatability,stability,and recovery.The total contents of the six flavonol glycosides and five biflavones were within the range of 2.142-8.378 mg/g and 3.759-5.675 mg/g in 19 batches of samples,respectively.Among them,two coumaroyl flavonol glycosides were the predominant components.Conclusions:In this study,a convenient and reliable approach was successfully employed for the comprehensive evaluation of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves,which also provided a reference for its quality standard.
