An Abietane Diterpene and a Sterol from Fungus Phellinus igniarius

A new abietane diterpene 12-hydroxy-7-oxo-5, 8, 11, 13-tetraene-18, 6-abietanolide, together with a new natural sterol stigmasta-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α 6α-triol have been isolated from the fruiting body of the fungus Phellinus igniarius. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2D NMR techniques.

Triterpenoids from Fuscoporia obliqua

Two new lanosta triterpenoids, 3 beta,22 a -dihydroxy-lanosta-8,24E-diene-25-peroxide 3 beta,22 a,25-trihydroxy lanosta-8,24E-diene were isolated from the petroleum ether extracts of Fuscoporia obliqua and their structures had been determined by spectral data, chemical method and X-ray crystallographic analysis.

Nine New Farnesylphenols from the Basidiomycete Albatrellus Caeruleoporus

Nine previously-unreported farnesylphenols,involving eight neogrifolin derivatives(1–8)and one grifolin analogue(9),together with three known compounds,were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Albatrellus caeruleoporus.Their structures were elucidated as(S)-17-hydroxy-18,20-ene-neogrifolin(1),(S)-18,19-dihydroxyneogrifolin(2),(S)-9-hydroxy-10,22-ene-neogrifolin(3),(9S,10R)-6,10-epoxy-9-hydroxyneo grifolin(4),(9S,10R)-6,9-epoxy-10-hydroxyneogrifolin(5),(-)-13,14-dihydroxyneogrifolin(6),albatrelin G(7),albatrelin H(8),and one grifolin analogue,(S)-10-hydroxygrifolin(9),grifolin(10),neogrifolin(11),and albatrellin(12)by extensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods.Compounds 7 and 8 showed weak cytotoxic activity to cell lines HL-60,SMMC-7721,A-549,and MCF-7,in vitro.

Diversity and Taxonomy of Basidiomycetous Fungi at the Northeastern Side of Quezon Protected Landscape,Southern Luzon,Philippines

The present study was conducted primarily,to determine the diversity of basidiomycetous fungi and their taxonomy,in the northeastern side of Quezon Protected Landscape,bordering the municipalities of Pagbilao,Padre Burgos and Atimonan in Quezon province,Southern Philippines.Ten quadrats measuring 10 m×15 m with an interval of 50 m were established from a transect line set up from the baseline to the peak of the landscape.Species of basidiomycetous fungi were pre-identified in the field.Substratum,form,texture,size,color and other noteworthy characteristics were recorded during the time of collection.Confirmation of identities was done using published textbooks,literature and consultation with mycology expert.A total of 863 individuals of basidiomycetous fungi were collected and identified belonging to 19 different families,31 genera and 53 species.Polyporaceae family has the highest number of species representing 30%of the total number of individuals documented.Most of the species belong to Hexagonia and Polyporus genera.The current research revealed that most of the substrates used by these fungal organisms are woody substrate,specifically rotten woods.The results of Shannon-Wiener diversity index showed that the area has a high basidiomycetous fungal diversity.There was also a high species richness of these fungal organisms,but there was a low dominance and the species were not evenly distributed in the area.As this area is open for hikers,it is recommended that a continuous monitoring of the macrofungi community be done for sustainability and conservation.

A rare medicinal fungus,Lignosus rhinocerus(Polyporales,Agaricomycetes),new to India

Lignosus rhinocerus is one of the most valuable medicinal fungi used throughout South East Asia,and South China.The polypore is characterized by a stipitate basidiomata with orbicular pileus,and an underground sclerotium,a trimitic hyphal system bearing generative hyphae with clamp connections,and globose to subglobose basidiospores.Basidiomata,including the sclerotia of L.rhinocerus are used to treat various ailments.L.rhinocerus is rarely encountered in the wild and has a very restricted geographic distribution.Because of its rarity and importance,domestication and commercial cultivation of the fungus has been attempted.During study of the polyporoid fungi in forests of Kerala State,India,some interesting specimens were collected.Detailed taxonomic study of the collected specimens identified them as L.rhinocerus,with a distribution record new to India.Taxonomic account of the species is presented.

Neofomitella guangxiensis and Sebipora aquosa newly recorded white rot polypores from India

As a part of the documentation of the polyporoid fungi of Kerala State,India,two interesting polypore specimens were collected.Morphological and molecular characterization revealed the identity of two species as Neofomitella guangxiensis and Sebipora aquosa,which were reported as new records to India.We present the taxonomy of the two species based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic data.

Taxonomic study of Favolus and Neofavolus gen. nov. segregated from Polyporus (Basidiomycota, Polyporales)

We present a taxonomic study of‘group Favolus’and related species in Polyporus.Phylogenetic analyses of nurLSU and ITS regions revealed that the infrageneric‘group Favolus’is divided into two main clades.Fungi within the group share laterally stipitate basidiocarps,with non-crustose stipe surfaces,and are distinguishable by the morphology of the pileus surface.One clade is characterized by species with hyaline to brown cutis,composed of hyaline to brown agglutinated generative hyphae.The other clade accommodates species with radially striate pileus,and lacks any distinct cutis of agglutinated hyphae.We propose Neofavolus gen.nov.,typified by N.alveolaris,for the former clade,and revise the genus Favolus,typified by F.brasiliensis,for the latter clade.Neofavolus includes N.mikawai and N.cremeoalbidus sp.nov.,known only from temperate eastern Asia,in addition to N.alveolaris.Favolus includes members of the Polyporus grammocephalus complex,the P.tenuiculus complex,and P.pseudobetulinus.We reveal that the polypore known as‘P.grammocephalus’in Asia includes F.acervatus and F.emerici(0 P.grammocephalus),whereas‘P.tenuiculus’includes three distinct species;F.brasiliensis from tropical America,and F.spathulatus and F.roseus from tropical Asia.Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for the accepted species in Favolus and Neofavolus.