Preparation and Properties of Spray Polyurea Elastomer for Aquaculture Foam Floating Balls

[Objectives] This study was conducted to develop a polyurea elastomer which can be sprayed on the surface of expanded polystyrene (EPS) floating balls, so as to improve the surface strength and service life of the floating balls. [Methods] The effects of the types and amounts of isocyanate, chain extenders and polyether polyols on the gelation rate, adhesion and wear resistance of polyurea elastomer were investigated, and it was finally determined the preparation process of polyurea elastomer using liquid isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and amino-terminated polyether (D2000) as the main raw materials, dimethylthiotoluene diamine (E300) as the chain extender and silica as the wear resistance modifier through two-step solution polymerization of prepolymerization and chain extension. [Results] The physical properties and chemical resistance tests of spray polyurea elastomer showed that it had good physical properties and acid and alkali resistance, and could meet the requirements of spraying and protection of EPS floating ball surface in marine environment. [Conclusions] Polyurea elastomer coating can improve the aging resistance, wear resistance and acid and alkali resistance of EPS floating balls, and prevent them from being fragile and floating randomly to form marine floating garbage which results in "white pollution".

Abrasion test of flexible protective materials on hydraulic structures

In this study, several kinds of flexible protective materials sprayed with polyurea elastomers （hereinafter referred to as polyurea elastomer protective material） were adopted to meet the abrasion resistance requirement of hydraulic structures, and their abrasion resistances against the water flow with suspended load or bed load were studied systematically through tests. Natural basalt stones were adopted as the abrasive for simulation of the abrasion effect of the water flow with bed load, and test results indicate that the basalt stone is suitable for use in the abrasion resistance test of the flexible protective material. The wear process of the polyurea elastomer protective material is stable, and the wear loss is linear with the time of abrasion. If the wear thickness is regarded as the abrasion resistance evaluation factor, the abrasion resistance of the 351 pure polyurea is about twice those of pure polyurea with a high level of hardness and aliphatic polyurea, and over five times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with suspended load. It is also about 50 times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with bed load. Overall, the abrasion resistance of pure polyurea presented a decreasing trend with increasing hardness. Pure polyurea with a Shore hardness of D30 has the best abrasion resistance, which is 60 to 70 times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with bed load, and has been recommended, among the five kinds of pure polyurea materials with different hardness, in anti-abrasion protection of hydraulic structures.

纤维复合材料加固混凝土结构的研究进展

纤维复合材料(FRP)以其轻质、高强、抗腐蚀能力强、耐疲劳、减震性能好等诸多优点被广泛运用到土木、建筑工程结构加固中。结合国内外复合材料加固混凝土技术的进展,论述了约束混凝土的本构模型,加固混凝土结构的极限承载力、耐久性、抗震性以及纤维复合材料加固混凝土结构的机理等。并且阐述了纤维复合材料加固混凝土柱的机理。最后,论述了一种新的可用于碳纤维加固混凝土结构的粘结材料—聚脲弹性涂层,可以有效改善混凝土柱构件的承载能力、耐久性及抗震性能等。

喷涂聚脲涂层混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能的研究

采用快速氯离子渗透实验法(RCM法)和自然扩散法两种实验方法,研究了两种混凝土保护涂层——脂肪族和芳香族喷涂聚脲(SPUA)涂层对混凝土抵抗氯离子渗透能力的影响。研究表明,SPUA涂层的存在能明显提高混凝土对氯离子渗透的抵抗能力,且脂肪族SPUA涂层对混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能的提高要优于芳香族SPUA涂层。