The aim of this study is to analyze the various compositions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch blends. The blends have been cross-linked with glyoxal to enhance its properties. The hydroxyl groups of PVA and starc...The aim of this study is to analyze the various compositions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch blends. The blends have been cross-linked with glyoxal to enhance its properties. The hydroxyl groups of PVA and starch react with glyoxal via formation of acetal bonds;hence crosslinking could take place. The cross-linking of glyoxal is observed in various analytical methods such as DSC and FTIR. The cross-linked blends showed better thermal and mechanical properties. Viscosity, tensile shear strength, pencil hardness and ultimate stress were evaluated to estimate the changes due to cross-linking. It was observed that the cross-linking is directly proportional to starch, since the starch hydroxyl groups are easily accessible for reacting. The cross-linked blend showed better cohesion between its chains, thereby increasing glass transition temperature. It was reflected in the subsequent increase in tensile strength properties.展开更多
以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和碱木质素为原料,交联剂为乙二醛,采用流延法制备碱木质素交联PVA共混啶虫脒缓释薄膜。采用傅里叶红外光谱方法对薄膜的化学结构进行分析,并表征薄膜的透气性和力学性能。通过单因素试验探索碱木质素与PVA质量比、乙二...以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和碱木质素为原料,交联剂为乙二醛,采用流延法制备碱木质素交联PVA共混啶虫脒缓释薄膜。采用傅里叶红外光谱方法对薄膜的化学结构进行分析,并表征薄膜的透气性和力学性能。通过单因素试验探索碱木质素与PVA质量比、乙二醛用量、啶虫脒用量对啶虫脒薄膜啶虫脒释放率的影响。结果表明:碱木质素与PVA成功交联,啶虫脒薄膜透氧气量增大,透二氧化碳量降低;啶虫脒薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均比交联薄膜低。采用流延成膜法制备啶虫脒薄膜的最佳条件为碱木质素与PVA质量比3∶7、乙二醛用量1.5 m L、啶虫脒用量0.5 g,所制啶虫脒薄膜的啶虫脒释放率为31.8%。药水比例、温度对啶虫脒薄膜的释药快慢有一定影响。展开更多
以乙二醛改性PVA(聚乙烯醇)为保护胶体、VAE(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)乳液为种子乳液和VoeVa10(叔碳酸乙烯酯)为共聚单体,采用种子乳液聚合法和酮肼(DAAM/ADH)交联体系合成了改性PVAc(聚醋酸乙烯)胶粘剂。研究结果表明:当乙二醛改性PVA的...以乙二醛改性PVA(聚乙烯醇)为保护胶体、VAE(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)乳液为种子乳液和VoeVa10(叔碳酸乙烯酯)为共聚单体,采用种子乳液聚合法和酮肼(DAAM/ADH)交联体系合成了改性PVAc(聚醋酸乙烯)胶粘剂。研究结果表明:当乙二醛改性PVA的缩醛度为15%、m(VoeVa10)∶m(VAc)=10∶100、w(VAE)=10%(相对于乳液总质量而言)和m(ADH)∶m(DAAM)=(0.5～1.5)∶1时,制成的单组分环保型改性PVAc乳液胶粘剂具有良好的耐水性和粘接强度,完全满足欧洲DIN EN 204—1991 D3级木工胶的标准要求。展开更多
采用乙二醛对聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维预交联后,结合甲醛二次缩醛化处理,得到预交联处理的PVA缩甲醛纤维即高耐热水性能的PVA纤维,并对PVA纤维及预交联前后的PVA缩甲醛纤维进行结构与性能表征。结果表明:经预交联处理的PVA缩甲醛纤维内部结构...采用乙二醛对聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维预交联后,结合甲醛二次缩醛化处理,得到预交联处理的PVA缩甲醛纤维即高耐热水性能的PVA纤维,并对PVA纤维及预交联前后的PVA缩甲醛纤维进行结构与性能表征。结果表明:经预交联处理的PVA缩甲醛纤维内部结构均匀、致密,结晶度及力学性能较PVA纤维及未经交联的PVA缩甲醛纤维的低,缩甲醛化度较未预交联的PVA缩甲醛纤维的低,但其耐水性能提高,其水中软化点由未预交联的PVA缩甲醛纤维的114℃提高到156℃,所制得的高耐热水性PVA纤维线密度为1.36 dtex,断裂强度为3.48 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为11.05%。展开更多
文摘The aim of this study is to analyze the various compositions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch blends. The blends have been cross-linked with glyoxal to enhance its properties. The hydroxyl groups of PVA and starch react with glyoxal via formation of acetal bonds;hence crosslinking could take place. The cross-linking of glyoxal is observed in various analytical methods such as DSC and FTIR. The cross-linked blends showed better thermal and mechanical properties. Viscosity, tensile shear strength, pencil hardness and ultimate stress were evaluated to estimate the changes due to cross-linking. It was observed that the cross-linking is directly proportional to starch, since the starch hydroxyl groups are easily accessible for reacting. The cross-linked blend showed better cohesion between its chains, thereby increasing glass transition temperature. It was reflected in the subsequent increase in tensile strength properties.
文摘以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和碱木质素为原料,交联剂为乙二醛,采用流延法制备碱木质素交联PVA共混啶虫脒缓释薄膜。采用傅里叶红外光谱方法对薄膜的化学结构进行分析,并表征薄膜的透气性和力学性能。通过单因素试验探索碱木质素与PVA质量比、乙二醛用量、啶虫脒用量对啶虫脒薄膜啶虫脒释放率的影响。结果表明:碱木质素与PVA成功交联,啶虫脒薄膜透氧气量增大,透二氧化碳量降低;啶虫脒薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均比交联薄膜低。采用流延成膜法制备啶虫脒薄膜的最佳条件为碱木质素与PVA质量比3∶7、乙二醛用量1.5 m L、啶虫脒用量0.5 g,所制啶虫脒薄膜的啶虫脒释放率为31.8%。药水比例、温度对啶虫脒薄膜的释药快慢有一定影响。
文摘以乙二醛改性PVA(聚乙烯醇)为保护胶体、VAE(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)乳液为种子乳液和VoeVa10(叔碳酸乙烯酯)为共聚单体,采用种子乳液聚合法和酮肼(DAAM/ADH)交联体系合成了改性PVAc(聚醋酸乙烯)胶粘剂。研究结果表明:当乙二醛改性PVA的缩醛度为15%、m(VoeVa10)∶m(VAc)=10∶100、w(VAE)=10%(相对于乳液总质量而言)和m(ADH)∶m(DAAM)=(0.5～1.5)∶1时,制成的单组分环保型改性PVAc乳液胶粘剂具有良好的耐水性和粘接强度,完全满足欧洲DIN EN 204—1991 D3级木工胶的标准要求。
文摘采用乙二醛对聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维预交联后,结合甲醛二次缩醛化处理,得到预交联处理的PVA缩甲醛纤维即高耐热水性能的PVA纤维,并对PVA纤维及预交联前后的PVA缩甲醛纤维进行结构与性能表征。结果表明:经预交联处理的PVA缩甲醛纤维内部结构均匀、致密,结晶度及力学性能较PVA纤维及未经交联的PVA缩甲醛纤维的低,缩甲醛化度较未预交联的PVA缩甲醛纤维的低,但其耐水性能提高,其水中软化点由未预交联的PVA缩甲醛纤维的114℃提高到156℃,所制得的高耐热水性PVA纤维线密度为1.36 dtex,断裂强度为3.48 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为11.05%。
