Normal corn germplasm can be used to improve popcorn (Zea mays L.) through 1-2 backcrosses with popcorn as recurrent parents. Popping characteristics of derived lines from popcorn × dent or flint corn crosses p...Normal corn germplasm can be used to improve popcorn (Zea mays L.) through 1-2 backcrosses with popcorn as recurrent parents. Popping characteristics of derived lines from popcorn × dent or flint corn crosses play a determinant role in popcorn breeding. Advanced backcross QTL methods can effectively combine QTL identification and plant breeding. 220 selected BC2F2 families developed from a cross between Dan 232, a dent corn inbred line, and N04, an elite popcorn inbred line, were evaluated for three popping characteristics, popping volume, flake size, and popping rate, under two environmental conditions. Using composite interval mapping, a total of 10 significant QTLs were detected, and of these, 2 to 4 QTLs were identified for each trait. Six QTLs had favorable alleles contributed by Dan 232. Comparison with the 15 QTLs detected in the F2:3 families showed that 3 QTLs were the same in both populations. The QTLs should be redetected in generations developed through severe selection. Improved N04 and near isogenic lines could be developed from this BC2F2 population through selfing or another 1 to 2 backcrosses with N04.展开更多
AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of impedance monitoring for predicting popping during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using internally cooled electrodes. METHODS: We reviewed 140 patients (94 mal...AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of impedance monitoring for predicting popping during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using internally cooled electrodes. METHODS: We reviewed 140 patients (94 males, 46 females; age range 73.0 + 11.1 year) who underwent RFA between February 2006 and November 2008 with a modified protocol using a limited power delivery rather than a conventional one to avoid popping. All the patients provided their written informed consent, and the study was approved by the institutional review board. Intraprocedural impedances were measured for the study subjects, and the tumors were classified into three types according to the characteristics of their impedance curves: increasing, flat, or decreasing. The tumors were further sorted into seven subtypes (A-G) depending on the curvature of the impedance curve' s increase or decrease. Relative popping rates were determined for the three types and seven subtypes. A chi-square test was performed to estimate statistical significance.RESULTS: A total of 148 nodules treated by RFA were analyzed. The study samples included 132 nodules of hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 nodules of metastatic liver cancer, and two nodules of intrahepatic cholangio- carcinoma. The numbers of nodules with each imped- ance curve type were as follows: 37 increasing-type nodules, 43 fiat-type nodules, and 68 decreasing-type nodules. Popping occurrence rates were 24.3%, 46.5% and 64.7%, respectively. Flat-type nodules exhibited a significantly higher rate of popping compared to increasing-type nodules (P = 0.039). Decreasing-type nodules exhibited a significantly higher rate of popping compared to increasing-type nodules (P 〈 0.0001). No- tably, nodules that showed a sharp decrease in imped- ance in the latter ablation period (subtype E) exhibited a significantly higher rate of popping compared to other subtypes. CONCLUSION: Intraprocedural impedance monitoring can be a useful tool to predict the occurrence of pop- ping during liver tumor RFA performed with internally cooled electrodes.展开更多
The effect of popping and fermentation on protein quality of three different varieties of amaranth grains cultivated in Ethiopia was evaluated. Total lysine content of the grains was higher than that of commonly avail...The effect of popping and fermentation on protein quality of three different varieties of amaranth grains cultivated in Ethiopia was evaluated. Total lysine content of the grains was higher than that of commonly available cereals but close to that of legumes. Methionine and cysteine contents in the grains were also higher than that found in cereal and legume proteins. Percentage of total indispensable amino acids, excluding tryptophan, was 43% - 49%, which was higher than WHO reference pattern (31%). Popping resulted in 36% and 37% reduction in total lysine and cysteine contents, respectively, whereas fermentation reduced cysteine, lysine and methionine contents by 16%, 20% and 20%, respectively. From the free amino acids, histidine was the major indispensable amino acid but threonine was not detected. During popping, all free amino acids, except threonine, were reduced. On the other hand, fermentation significantly increased (p < 0.01) most amino acids except arginine, which was significantly decreased (p < 0.01), and tyrosine and glutamic acid, for which no change was observed. Popping decreased in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) by 8.3% - 17.1% while fermentation increased IVPD by 4.8% - 7.5%. Substitution of amaranth for wheat and/or maize during complementary food formulation could contribute much to the daily requirements of indispensable amino acids of young children.展开更多
[Objectives]To develop a paeonol bead popping gum with hypoglycemic effect.[Methods]The paeonol bead popping gum was prepared by the"two-step method",that is,the pill core was prepared by the guttate pill me...[Objectives]To develop a paeonol bead popping gum with hypoglycemic effect.[Methods]The paeonol bead popping gum was prepared by the"two-step method",that is,the pill core was prepared by the guttate pill method,and then the coating was cured by sodium alginate solution and CaCl_(2) solution.The single factor method was used to determine the effects of PEG-4000:paeonol dosage ratio,dropper diameter,condensation time,dropping distance,melting temperature on the comprehensive score of paeonol guttate pill,and the effects of sodium alginate solution concentration,CaCl_(2) solution concentration,number of coating layers,drying time on the comprehensive score of popping gum.Finally,the optimal process was determined and verified by orthogonal experiment method.[Results]When the dosage ratio of PEG-4000:paeonol was 4∶1,the dropper diameter was 4 mm,the condensation time was 5 min,the dropping distance was 6 cm,and the melting temperature was 90℃,the quality of the prepared guttate pill was the optimal.When the concentration of sodium alginate solution was 0.02 g/mL,the concentration of CaCl_(2) solution was 0.25 g/mL,the number of coating layers was 3,and the drying time was 25 min,the appearance and comprehensive score of the obtained popping beads were the optimal.[Conclusions]This study is expected to provide some reference and basis for the development and utilization of hypoglycemic products of traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
Government adopts regulations to control real estate prices A mid concerns surrounding the presence of housing bubbles across China,the Chinese Government is taking action to secure and stabilize the
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs)is a legally binding instrument for 186 Parties(status:April 2023).Accordingly,among other responsibilities,countries are obliged to report the production...The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs)is a legally binding instrument for 186 Parties(status:April 2023).Accordingly,among other responsibilities,countries are obliged to report the production,import,or export of the POPs listed in Annexes A,B,or C;provide information to registers;maintain inventories;and monitor the presence of POPs in the environment.In the broader context of international chemicals and waste management,producer responsibilities,harmonized reporting,and compliance with national and international regulations,Ecuador has addressed the newly listed group of perfluorinated alkyl substances(PFAS)in its national implementation plan and sent selected products from its national market for PFAS analysis.The products analyzed came from the initially listed fields of specific exemptions and acceptable purposes,including:fire-fighting foams;photographic aids;greasers/degreasers;various kinds of paper/packaging;textiles;and leather,coatings,cleaners,metal plating,and pesticides.Our results showed that the three PFAS presently listed in the Stockholm Convention could be quantified in only a few samples;additional PFAS,not yet listed in the Convention also had low detection frequencies.Although the number of samples was limited,the samples covered a large spectrum of sample matrices,making it possible to conclude that—once these products become waste and are regulated under the Basel Convention—they would not constitute a disposal problem.Nevertheless,verification of the presence of PFAS in products on the market is expected to pose an analytical challenge for both,developed and developing countries.展开更多
为了适应机载射频前端小型化的需求,设计了一种基于SiP(System in Package)技术的K频段四通道天线接口单元。该单元采用二次超外差变频构架,主要由两个硅基封装的变频双通道集成SiP模块以及高低本振集成锁相环SiP模块组成。硅基变频SiP...为了适应机载射频前端小型化的需求,设计了一种基于SiP(System in Package)技术的K频段四通道天线接口单元。该单元采用二次超外差变频构架,主要由两个硅基封装的变频双通道集成SiP模块以及高低本振集成锁相环SiP模块组成。硅基变频SiP模块采用PoP(Package on Package)方式实现不同功能电路封装的上下堆叠,保证了良好的电磁兼容和输出杂散抑制。堆叠好的硅基封装通过BGA植入陶瓷封装中,实现了高可靠的气密性。基于SiP技术的四通道天线接口单元体积仅为58.2 mm×40.3 mm×11.0 mm,在保持优良电性能指标前提下,相比于传统方式设计,四通道天线接口单元在体积和质量上均大幅缩减86%以上,在机载、弹载等对设备轻小型化要求较高的平台上具有广阔的应用前景。展开更多
机电控制系统包含多款芯片,其小型化、轻量化的需求日益迫切,系统级封装(System in Package)技术作为一种先进封装手段能够将多款不同类型的芯片集成于更小的空间中。基于系统级封装技术,并结合TSV与FanOUT技术设计了一款机电控制SiP电...机电控制系统包含多款芯片,其小型化、轻量化的需求日益迫切,系统级封装(System in Package)技术作为一种先进封装手段能够将多款不同类型的芯片集成于更小的空间中。基于系统级封装技术,并结合TSV与FanOUT技术设计了一款机电控制SiP电路,该电路包括顶层DSP信号控制单元和底层FPGA信号处理单元,两者通过PoP(Package on Package)形式堆叠构成SiP电路,相比于常规分立器件所搭建的机电控制系统,该SiP体积缩小70%以上,重量减轻80%以上。针对该款SiP电路设计了相应的测试系统,且对内部的ADC及DAC等芯片提出了一种回环测试的方法,能够提高测试效率。测试结果表明,该电路满足设计要求,在机电控制领域具有一定的应用前景。展开更多
基金funded by the Natural Science Founda-tion of Henan Province of China (0511032900).
文摘Normal corn germplasm can be used to improve popcorn (Zea mays L.) through 1-2 backcrosses with popcorn as recurrent parents. Popping characteristics of derived lines from popcorn × dent or flint corn crosses play a determinant role in popcorn breeding. Advanced backcross QTL methods can effectively combine QTL identification and plant breeding. 220 selected BC2F2 families developed from a cross between Dan 232, a dent corn inbred line, and N04, an elite popcorn inbred line, were evaluated for three popping characteristics, popping volume, flake size, and popping rate, under two environmental conditions. Using composite interval mapping, a total of 10 significant QTLs were detected, and of these, 2 to 4 QTLs were identified for each trait. Six QTLs had favorable alleles contributed by Dan 232. Comparison with the 15 QTLs detected in the F2:3 families showed that 3 QTLs were the same in both populations. The QTLs should be redetected in generations developed through severe selection. Improved N04 and near isogenic lines could be developed from this BC2F2 population through selfing or another 1 to 2 backcrosses with N04.
文摘AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of impedance monitoring for predicting popping during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using internally cooled electrodes. METHODS: We reviewed 140 patients (94 males, 46 females; age range 73.0 + 11.1 year) who underwent RFA between February 2006 and November 2008 with a modified protocol using a limited power delivery rather than a conventional one to avoid popping. All the patients provided their written informed consent, and the study was approved by the institutional review board. Intraprocedural impedances were measured for the study subjects, and the tumors were classified into three types according to the characteristics of their impedance curves: increasing, flat, or decreasing. The tumors were further sorted into seven subtypes (A-G) depending on the curvature of the impedance curve' s increase or decrease. Relative popping rates were determined for the three types and seven subtypes. A chi-square test was performed to estimate statistical significance.RESULTS: A total of 148 nodules treated by RFA were analyzed. The study samples included 132 nodules of hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 nodules of metastatic liver cancer, and two nodules of intrahepatic cholangio- carcinoma. The numbers of nodules with each imped- ance curve type were as follows: 37 increasing-type nodules, 43 fiat-type nodules, and 68 decreasing-type nodules. Popping occurrence rates were 24.3%, 46.5% and 64.7%, respectively. Flat-type nodules exhibited a significantly higher rate of popping compared to increasing-type nodules (P = 0.039). Decreasing-type nodules exhibited a significantly higher rate of popping compared to increasing-type nodules (P 〈 0.0001). No- tably, nodules that showed a sharp decrease in imped- ance in the latter ablation period (subtype E) exhibited a significantly higher rate of popping compared to other subtypes. CONCLUSION: Intraprocedural impedance monitoring can be a useful tool to predict the occurrence of pop- ping during liver tumor RFA performed with internally cooled electrodes.
文摘The effect of popping and fermentation on protein quality of three different varieties of amaranth grains cultivated in Ethiopia was evaluated. Total lysine content of the grains was higher than that of commonly available cereals but close to that of legumes. Methionine and cysteine contents in the grains were also higher than that found in cereal and legume proteins. Percentage of total indispensable amino acids, excluding tryptophan, was 43% - 49%, which was higher than WHO reference pattern (31%). Popping resulted in 36% and 37% reduction in total lysine and cysteine contents, respectively, whereas fermentation reduced cysteine, lysine and methionine contents by 16%, 20% and 20%, respectively. From the free amino acids, histidine was the major indispensable amino acid but threonine was not detected. During popping, all free amino acids, except threonine, were reduced. On the other hand, fermentation significantly increased (p < 0.01) most amino acids except arginine, which was significantly decreased (p < 0.01), and tyrosine and glutamic acid, for which no change was observed. Popping decreased in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) by 8.3% - 17.1% while fermentation increased IVPD by 4.8% - 7.5%. Substitution of amaranth for wheat and/or maize during complementary food formulation could contribute much to the daily requirements of indispensable amino acids of young children.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81560659&81860771)Science and Technology Project of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province(GJJ201219)+1 种基金Students’Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(S202110412003,202010412025,202110412028)Doctoral Research Startup Fund of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2018WBZR011)。
文摘[Objectives]To develop a paeonol bead popping gum with hypoglycemic effect.[Methods]The paeonol bead popping gum was prepared by the"two-step method",that is,the pill core was prepared by the guttate pill method,and then the coating was cured by sodium alginate solution and CaCl_(2) solution.The single factor method was used to determine the effects of PEG-4000:paeonol dosage ratio,dropper diameter,condensation time,dropping distance,melting temperature on the comprehensive score of paeonol guttate pill,and the effects of sodium alginate solution concentration,CaCl_(2) solution concentration,number of coating layers,drying time on the comprehensive score of popping gum.Finally,the optimal process was determined and verified by orthogonal experiment method.[Results]When the dosage ratio of PEG-4000:paeonol was 4∶1,the dropper diameter was 4 mm,the condensation time was 5 min,the dropping distance was 6 cm,and the melting temperature was 90℃,the quality of the prepared guttate pill was the optimal.When the concentration of sodium alginate solution was 0.02 g/mL,the concentration of CaCl_(2) solution was 0.25 g/mL,the number of coating layers was 3,and the drying time was 25 min,the appearance and comprehensive score of the obtained popping beads were the optimal.[Conclusions]This study is expected to provide some reference and basis for the development and utilization of hypoglycemic products of traditional Chinese medicine.
文摘Government adopts regulations to control real estate prices A mid concerns surrounding the presence of housing bubbles across China,the Chinese Government is taking action to secure and stabilize the
基金supported by the Government of Ecuador through the Ministry of Environment,Water and Ecological Transition(MAATE)within the National Program for the Environmental Sound Management and Life Cycle Management of Chemical Substances(PNGQ)with contract of Alternativa Visionambiental Cia.Ltda.,Quito,toÖrebro University and prepared within the Project“Diagnóstico sobre el uso,presencia en productos,posible sustitución de COP industriales y elaboración del inventario y plan de acción de nuevas sustancias COP,conénfasis en el sector industrial ecuatoriano”funded by the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP)with funds from the Global Environment Facility(PNUD-ECU-SdP-ADQ-20-103165).
文摘The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs)is a legally binding instrument for 186 Parties(status:April 2023).Accordingly,among other responsibilities,countries are obliged to report the production,import,or export of the POPs listed in Annexes A,B,or C;provide information to registers;maintain inventories;and monitor the presence of POPs in the environment.In the broader context of international chemicals and waste management,producer responsibilities,harmonized reporting,and compliance with national and international regulations,Ecuador has addressed the newly listed group of perfluorinated alkyl substances(PFAS)in its national implementation plan and sent selected products from its national market for PFAS analysis.The products analyzed came from the initially listed fields of specific exemptions and acceptable purposes,including:fire-fighting foams;photographic aids;greasers/degreasers;various kinds of paper/packaging;textiles;and leather,coatings,cleaners,metal plating,and pesticides.Our results showed that the three PFAS presently listed in the Stockholm Convention could be quantified in only a few samples;additional PFAS,not yet listed in the Convention also had low detection frequencies.Although the number of samples was limited,the samples covered a large spectrum of sample matrices,making it possible to conclude that—once these products become waste and are regulated under the Basel Convention—they would not constitute a disposal problem.Nevertheless,verification of the presence of PFAS in products on the market is expected to pose an analytical challenge for both,developed and developing countries.
文摘为了适应机载射频前端小型化的需求,设计了一种基于SiP(System in Package)技术的K频段四通道天线接口单元。该单元采用二次超外差变频构架,主要由两个硅基封装的变频双通道集成SiP模块以及高低本振集成锁相环SiP模块组成。硅基变频SiP模块采用PoP(Package on Package)方式实现不同功能电路封装的上下堆叠,保证了良好的电磁兼容和输出杂散抑制。堆叠好的硅基封装通过BGA植入陶瓷封装中,实现了高可靠的气密性。基于SiP技术的四通道天线接口单元体积仅为58.2 mm×40.3 mm×11.0 mm,在保持优良电性能指标前提下,相比于传统方式设计,四通道天线接口单元在体积和质量上均大幅缩减86%以上,在机载、弹载等对设备轻小型化要求较高的平台上具有广阔的应用前景。
文摘机电控制系统包含多款芯片,其小型化、轻量化的需求日益迫切,系统级封装(System in Package)技术作为一种先进封装手段能够将多款不同类型的芯片集成于更小的空间中。基于系统级封装技术,并结合TSV与FanOUT技术设计了一款机电控制SiP电路,该电路包括顶层DSP信号控制单元和底层FPGA信号处理单元,两者通过PoP(Package on Package)形式堆叠构成SiP电路,相比于常规分立器件所搭建的机电控制系统,该SiP体积缩小70%以上,重量减轻80%以上。针对该款SiP电路设计了相应的测试系统,且对内部的ADC及DAC等芯片提出了一种回环测试的方法,能够提高测试效率。测试结果表明,该电路满足设计要求,在机电控制领域具有一定的应用前景。