Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） colonization and AM fungal spores were studied in the roots and rhizosphere soils of ,4cacia catechu （L.f）. Wild., A. mangium Willd, Anthocephala cadamba Miq., Artocarpu...Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） colonization and AM fungal spores were studied in the roots and rhizosphere soils of ,4cacia catechu （L.f）. Wild., A. mangium Willd, Anthocephala cadamba Miq., Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb., Chickrassia tabularis A. Juss., Swie- tenia macrophylla King., Tectona grandis L. from plantations; Albizia procera （Roxb.） Benth., ,4. falcataria L., Alstonia scholaris （L.） R. Br., ,4phanamixis polystachya （Wall.） Parker., Hydnocarpus kurzii （King.） Warb., Heynea trijuga Roxb., Lagerstroemia speciosa （L.） Pers., Messua ferrea Linn., Podocarpus nerifolia Don., Swintonia floribunda Griff., Syzygiumfruticosum （Roxb.） DC., S. grandis （Wt.） Wal. from forest and nursery seedlings of A. polystachya, A. chaplasha, Gmelina arborea Roxb. and S. cuminii （L.） Skeels from Hazarikhil forest, Chittagong of Bangladesh. Roots were stained in aniline blue and rhiz0sphere soils were assessed by wet sieving and decanting methods. The range of AM colonization varied significantly from 10%-73% in the plantations sam- ples. Maximum colonization was observed in A. mangium （73%） and minimum colonization was observed in C. tabularis （10%）. Vesicular colonization was recorded 15%-67% in five plantation tree species. The highest was in A. cadamba （67%） and the lowest was in T. grandis; A. chaplasha and C. tabularis showed no vesicular colonization. Arbuscular colonization was recorded 12%-60% in four plantation tree species. The highest was in .4. mangium （60%） and the lowest was in A. cadamba. Roots of Artocarpus chaplasha, C. tabularis and T. grandis showed no arbuscular colonization. Among 12 forest tree species, nine tree species showed AM colonization. The highest was in A. falcataria （62%） and the lowest was in S. fruticosum （10%）. Significant variation in vesicular colonization was recorded in seven forest tree species. The highest was in H. trijuga （52%） and the lowest was in L. speciosa 08%）. Hydnocarpus kurzii, M. ferrea, P. nerifolia S. fruticosum and S. grandis showed no vesicular colonization. Arbuscular colonization was recorded in sevenforest tree species. The highest was inA. falcataria （60%） and the lowest was in A. procera （10%）. All the nursery seedlings showed AM coloniza- tion and the range was 10%-73%. Vesicules were recorded in G. arbo- rea （40%） and S. cumini （40%）. Arbuscular colonization was recorded in G. arborea （100%） and S. cumini （100%）. Spore population was re- corded 77-432/100 g dry soils, 80-276/100 g dry soils, and 75-153/100g dry soils in plantation, forest and nurse.ry, respectively. Glomus and Acaulospora were dominant genera among the six AM fungi recorded. Significantly positive correlation was observed between/AM colonization and AM fungal spore population in Hazarikhil plantation tree species, forest tree species and nursery tree seedlings. The present study showed the biodiversity of root colonization and AM fungi are active in nutrient cycling, survivals and seedling establishment of the plants in the Hazarikhil forest, plantation and nursery.展开更多
近10年来兴起的全基因组关联分析(Genome-wide association study,GWAS)相关研究结果获得了大量与2型糖尿病相关的候选易感基因,了解这些候选基因在正常人群中的遗传多样性程度以及在不同人群间的遗传差异,不但有助于阐明2型糖尿病的遗...近10年来兴起的全基因组关联分析(Genome-wide association study,GWAS)相关研究结果获得了大量与2型糖尿病相关的候选易感基因,了解这些候选基因在正常人群中的遗传多样性程度以及在不同人群间的遗传差异,不但有助于阐明2型糖尿病的遗传机理,而且对于今后在特定人群中进行2型糖尿病发病机制的深入研究具有指导意义。本研究通过对GWAS数据库和相关文献的搜索和整理确定了170个与2型糖尿病相关的基因或基因区域;随后基于千人基因组计划的全基因组测序数据对这些候选基因在世界范围内14个人群间的遗传多样性进行了比较分析;进一步确定了在人群间存在显著差异的易感基因,并分析了这些基因的多样性特征。在所研究的14个世界人群中,2型糖尿病候选易感基因的遗传多样性与基因组范围的平均水平没有显著差异;但其中8个易感基因IL20RA、RNMTL1-NXN、NOTCH2、ADRA2A-BTBD7P2、TBC1D4、RBM38-HMGB1P1、UBE2E2和PPARD在群体间呈现显著差异,其中最明显的是IL20RA基因(FST=0.152),该易感基因在非洲人群和非非洲人群间存在显著等位基因频率和单倍型频率差异。14个人群中易感基因遗传结构差异的主要原因是由于非洲人群与非非洲人群之间的群体遗传结构的不同所造成的。进一步比较东西方人群间的2型糖尿病候选基因遗传结构差异,发现在东西方人群中同样存在明显的群体遗传结构差别,其中DGKB-AGMO(FST=0.173)和JAZF1(FST=0.182)是差异最显著的易感基因。本研究通过对群体间2型糖尿病易感基因遗传结构进行比较,鉴别出一些差异特别显著的易感基因,对今后2型糖尿病易感基因与不同人群间发病率和易感性差异的相关研究提供重要参考。展开更多
文摘Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） colonization and AM fungal spores were studied in the roots and rhizosphere soils of ,4cacia catechu （L.f）. Wild., A. mangium Willd, Anthocephala cadamba Miq., Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb., Chickrassia tabularis A. Juss., Swie- tenia macrophylla King., Tectona grandis L. from plantations; Albizia procera （Roxb.） Benth., ,4. falcataria L., Alstonia scholaris （L.） R. Br., ,4phanamixis polystachya （Wall.） Parker., Hydnocarpus kurzii （King.） Warb., Heynea trijuga Roxb., Lagerstroemia speciosa （L.） Pers., Messua ferrea Linn., Podocarpus nerifolia Don., Swintonia floribunda Griff., Syzygiumfruticosum （Roxb.） DC., S. grandis （Wt.） Wal. from forest and nursery seedlings of A. polystachya, A. chaplasha, Gmelina arborea Roxb. and S. cuminii （L.） Skeels from Hazarikhil forest, Chittagong of Bangladesh. Roots were stained in aniline blue and rhiz0sphere soils were assessed by wet sieving and decanting methods. The range of AM colonization varied significantly from 10%-73% in the plantations sam- ples. Maximum colonization was observed in A. mangium （73%） and minimum colonization was observed in C. tabularis （10%）. Vesicular colonization was recorded 15%-67% in five plantation tree species. The highest was in A. cadamba （67%） and the lowest was in T. grandis; A. chaplasha and C. tabularis showed no vesicular colonization. Arbuscular colonization was recorded 12%-60% in four plantation tree species. The highest was in .4. mangium （60%） and the lowest was in A. cadamba. Roots of Artocarpus chaplasha, C. tabularis and T. grandis showed no arbuscular colonization. Among 12 forest tree species, nine tree species showed AM colonization. The highest was in A. falcataria （62%） and the lowest was in S. fruticosum （10%）. Significant variation in vesicular colonization was recorded in seven forest tree species. The highest was in H. trijuga （52%） and the lowest was in L. speciosa 08%）. Hydnocarpus kurzii, M. ferrea, P. nerifolia S. fruticosum and S. grandis showed no vesicular colonization. Arbuscular colonization was recorded in sevenforest tree species. The highest was inA. falcataria （60%） and the lowest was in A. procera （10%）. All the nursery seedlings showed AM coloniza- tion and the range was 10%-73%. Vesicules were recorded in G. arbo- rea （40%） and S. cumini （40%）. Arbuscular colonization was recorded in G. arborea （100%） and S. cumini （100%）. Spore population was re- corded 77-432/100 g dry soils, 80-276/100 g dry soils, and 75-153/100g dry soils in plantation, forest and nurse.ry, respectively. Glomus and Acaulospora were dominant genera among the six AM fungi recorded. Significantly positive correlation was observed between/AM colonization and AM fungal spore population in Hazarikhil plantation tree species, forest tree species and nursery tree seedlings. The present study showed the biodiversity of root colonization and AM fungi are active in nutrient cycling, survivals and seedling establishment of the plants in the Hazarikhil forest, plantation and nursery.
文摘近10年来兴起的全基因组关联分析(Genome-wide association study,GWAS)相关研究结果获得了大量与2型糖尿病相关的候选易感基因,了解这些候选基因在正常人群中的遗传多样性程度以及在不同人群间的遗传差异,不但有助于阐明2型糖尿病的遗传机理,而且对于今后在特定人群中进行2型糖尿病发病机制的深入研究具有指导意义。本研究通过对GWAS数据库和相关文献的搜索和整理确定了170个与2型糖尿病相关的基因或基因区域;随后基于千人基因组计划的全基因组测序数据对这些候选基因在世界范围内14个人群间的遗传多样性进行了比较分析;进一步确定了在人群间存在显著差异的易感基因,并分析了这些基因的多样性特征。在所研究的14个世界人群中,2型糖尿病候选易感基因的遗传多样性与基因组范围的平均水平没有显著差异;但其中8个易感基因IL20RA、RNMTL1-NXN、NOTCH2、ADRA2A-BTBD7P2、TBC1D4、RBM38-HMGB1P1、UBE2E2和PPARD在群体间呈现显著差异,其中最明显的是IL20RA基因(FST=0.152),该易感基因在非洲人群和非非洲人群间存在显著等位基因频率和单倍型频率差异。14个人群中易感基因遗传结构差异的主要原因是由于非洲人群与非非洲人群之间的群体遗传结构的不同所造成的。进一步比较东西方人群间的2型糖尿病候选基因遗传结构差异,发现在东西方人群中同样存在明显的群体遗传结构差别,其中DGKB-AGMO(FST=0.173)和JAZF1(FST=0.182)是差异最显著的易感基因。本研究通过对群体间2型糖尿病易感基因遗传结构进行比较,鉴别出一些差异特别显著的易感基因,对今后2型糖尿病易感基因与不同人群间发病率和易感性差异的相关研究提供重要参考。
