Fish feces affect the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems,and they are affected by the functional fish organizations.In this research,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,and Cyprinus carpio w...Fish feces affect the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems,and they are affected by the functional fish organizations.In this research,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,and Cyprinus carpio were selected to study the effects of different functional fish organizations on the fractal characteristics of fecal micro-structure by scanning electron microscopes(SEM),particles(pores)and cracks analysis system(PCAS).The results showed that fish feces pores mainly consisted of medium pores(cumulative pore number,97%)classified by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry(IUPAC).The grain area fractal dimension D_(1) and the pore-number and pore-size fractal dimension D_(2) were 1.94-1.96 and 2.07-2.19,respectively.The distribution of fish feces pores was very close to the Sierpinski carpet structure,which is the basic fractal construction methods widely used to describe the fractal of pore surface distribution.D_(1)(1.96)and D_(2)(2.19)of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix were the maximum values of the three functional organizations.Combining with the habit of fish,it is inferred that the feces of H.molitrix,the finer the feed and the faster the swimming of fish,the higher the content of feces clay,the larger the fractal dimension of feces,the easier it is to decompose feces,and the high the content of nutrients and organic matter to release into the water.It is demined that fish functional organizations affected the fractal characteristics and the stability of fish feces in water.This study is helpful for further research on water quality prediction and the impact of functional fish organizations on the structure and function of the ecosystem.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China(No.32002443)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021QD 149)。
文摘Fish feces affect the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems,and they are affected by the functional fish organizations.In this research,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,and Cyprinus carpio were selected to study the effects of different functional fish organizations on the fractal characteristics of fecal micro-structure by scanning electron microscopes(SEM),particles(pores)and cracks analysis system(PCAS).The results showed that fish feces pores mainly consisted of medium pores(cumulative pore number,97%)classified by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry(IUPAC).The grain area fractal dimension D_(1) and the pore-number and pore-size fractal dimension D_(2) were 1.94-1.96 and 2.07-2.19,respectively.The distribution of fish feces pores was very close to the Sierpinski carpet structure,which is the basic fractal construction methods widely used to describe the fractal of pore surface distribution.D_(1)(1.96)and D_(2)(2.19)of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix were the maximum values of the three functional organizations.Combining with the habit of fish,it is inferred that the feces of H.molitrix,the finer the feed and the faster the swimming of fish,the higher the content of feces clay,the larger the fractal dimension of feces,the easier it is to decompose feces,and the high the content of nutrients and organic matter to release into the water.It is demined that fish functional organizations affected the fractal characteristics and the stability of fish feces in water.This study is helpful for further research on water quality prediction and the impact of functional fish organizations on the structure and function of the ecosystem.
