Novel expanded porphyrinoids with multiple-inner-ring-fusion and/or tunable aromaticity

Novel expanded porphyrinoids with advanced structure features(such as multiple-inner-ring-fusion)have a wide range of benefits(such as multi-metal coordination and facile tunable aromaticity)not offered by their normal porphyrin analogues,and have found wide applications as sensors,fluorescent probes,novel ligands and functionalized NIR organic dyes in various research fields.However,the structures of these expanded porphyrinoids are scarce due to their limited synthetic accessibility.Herein,we summarized the lately reported efficient synthesis of novel expanded porphyrinoids with multipleinner-ring-fusion(up to six-inner-ring-fusion)and smaragdyrins with tunable aromaticity.Their synthesis is either based on an oxidative ring cyclization on linear/macrocyclic oligopyrroles containing N-confused pyrrole unit(s)or a straightforward double SNAr reaction on readily available 3,5-dibromoBODIPY,respectively.

Enhanced Nonlinear Absorption Performance of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Covalently Functionalized by Porphyrin via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition

Porphyrin-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO-TPP) was prepared by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, ultraviolet/visible absorption, fluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. At the same level of linear transmittance, RGO-TPP exhibited more enhanced optical nonlinearities than RGO and the pristineporphyrin, implying a remarkable accumulation effect as a result of the covalent link between RGO and porphyrin. The role of energy/electron transfer in the optical nonlinearities of RGO-TPP was investigated by fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. All the results displayed that RGO can be covalently functionalized with porphyrins by the proposed approach.

Porphyrinic Acceptors forFullerene-Free MolecularPhotovoltaics

Over the past few years,the development of nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)has become a prominent focus in both organic and perovskite solar cell(OSCs and PSCs,respectively)research fields.In this context,porphyrinoids,compounds structurally related to porphyrins,have emerged as promising solar cell candidates.In contrast to the widely used fullerene acceptors,porphyrinoids exhibit strong,broad absorption properties across the UV–vis/NIR spectrum,which can be easily tuned through chemical modifications.Furthermore,they can be prepared and derivatized using cost-effective and straightforward methodologies,allowing for convenient adjustments in thin-film morphology,processability,supramolecular organization,and energy levels.Additionally,these compounds offer higher thermal and photochemical stability,resulting in longer device lifetimes compared to their fullerene-based counterparts.In this review,we outline the utilization of porphyrinoids as NFAs in OSCs and PSCs,discussing essential aspects such as design guidelines,molecular properties,and device configuration.Our goal is to inspire and further promote the development of n-type porphyrinoids,which have not yet fully unleashed their potential.

Boosting near-infrared photothermal/photoacoustic conversion performance of anthracene-fused porphyrin via paramagnetic ion coordination strategy

Designing stable molecules with efficient near-infrared(NIR) photothermal/photoacoustic performances is important for biological and environmental applications.In this article,we inserted paramagnetic Cu(Ⅱ) into tetraanthraporphyrin to generate a highly photostable molecule,Cu ANP,which demonstrated a sharp,intense Q band in the NIR region above 800 nm.Unlike its diamagnetic Zn(Ⅱ)-coordinated analog Zn ANP that degraded rapidly under ambient light,Cu ANP has a low-lying singly unoccupied d orbital that quenched radioactive emission and reactive oxygen generation effectively,resulting in fast photothermal response,excellent photothermal conversion capacity and heat endurance under long-term laser irradiation in an organic solvent,in water after encapsulation as a nanocomposite,and in the solid state.Cu ANP also exhibited an intense NIR photoacoustic response and was reversibly redox-active,displaying a broad band spreading to the NIR-Ⅱ window(700–1,300 nm) in the dicationic state.This paramagnetic metal incorporation strategy can enhance the performance of photolabile NIR absorbing molecules for a variety of photothermal/photoacoustic applications.

Ground state singlet-to-triplet conversion of copper corrole radical byβ-benzo-fusion

Materials with facilely tunable spin configurations based on metal-radical coordination systems have potential applications for electronics and spintronics.Here,we report the ground state conversion of copper corrole radicals from singlet to triplet via the extension of theπ-conjugation system by benzo-fusion at theβ-position of corrole ligand.NMR spectroscopy,SQUID measurements and computational studies all support the ferromagnetic coupling between the Cu(II)center and corroleπ-radical of benzo-fused copper corrole 2-Cu,which is in sharp contrast with the antiferromagnetic coupling in regular non-extended copper corroles.The triplet 2-Cu is highly stable in air,and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed its unique highly planar corrole macrocycle.This work offers a promising strategy for creating high-spin systems in non-innocent metallocorroles.

Conformation Governed Reactivity of Fused Thia-Sapphyrin Dimers Bearing Multiply Fused Heteroaromatic Rings

Suitable conformations and proper alignment of complex natural macrocycles are essential for achieving their unique properties.However,such artificial macrocycle prototypes are still limited due to synthetic difficulties.In this respect,directly linked porphyrin analog dimers display tunable conformations and intriguing properties,and thus,they may be employed as a class of promising platforms.Herein,we report that one-pot oxidative dimerization of thiahydrosapphyrin 1 yields dimers,2anti and 2syn,comprising a transoid-oriented plate-like bipyrrolo[1,2-a]indolylidene.The thiophene-containing tetrapyrrole arching subunits in 2 lie at the opposite(anti)and same(syn)sides of the plate,respectively.Meanwhile,multiply fused cisoid-orientated dimer 3 was also obtained;a polycyclic pyrrolo-bridged bipyrroloindole derivative tethered with fullyπ-conjugated bridges was formed.Notably,the anti-dimer 2anti underwent subsequent oxidative fusion to furnish a further-fused[6.5.5.7.5.5.5.6]-octacyclic compound 4anti.In contrast,the syn-orientated 2syn could not be further fused due to the long distance between the potential reaction sites.This study provides a unique approach to the fused dimeric porphyrin analogs for potential near-infrared optical materials by a simple oxidation reaction.It also reveals the importance of conformation-modulated reactivity for constructing complex porphyrin arrays.

Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Aryl-Substituted Tripyrrinone Copper Complexes. Comparison of Redox Properties to Structurally Related Porphyrins and Corroles

Four awl-substituted tripyrrinone copper（II） complexes were synthesized and characterized as to their electro- chemical and spectroelectrochemical properties. The examined compounds are represented as （YPh）3TPO2Cu, where TPO2 is a dianion of the tripyrrinone and Y is a CH3O, CH3, H or CI substituent on the para-position of each phenyl ring of the compound. The neutral compounds are ESR active and show a typical d9 Cu（II） signal in frozen CH2C12 solution. Each Cu（II） compound undergoes three reductions between -0.61 and -1.90 V and two oxidations between 1.00 and 1.24 V in CH2Cl2 containing 0.1 mol/L tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate. The potentials for oxidation are similar to those of copper tetraarylporphyrins but the reduction potentials are positively shifted as compared to the corresponding tetraarylporphyrins. Thus, the potential difference between the first one-electron oxidation and first one-electron reduction （the HOMO-LUMO gap） of （YPh）3TPO2Cu, which ranges from 1.68 to 1.75 V, is similar to that of copper corroles （1.73-1.85 V）, but smaller than the separation of 2.30-2.37 V for the copper tetraarylporphyrins under the same solution conditions.

Nitrogen-bridged Ni(Ⅱ)porphyrinoid trimers with a central quinodiimine unit

Buchwald-Hartwig amination of 5,15-dibromo and 5,10-dibromo Ni(Ⅱ)porphyrins with 5-amino Ni(Ⅱ)porphyrin gave linear and bent trimers 4Ni and 5Ni with a central quinodiimine-type Ni(Ⅱ)porphyrinoid.The structures of 4Ni and 5Ni have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis in both cases.The formation of unusual products 4Ni and 5Ni has been ascribed to facile oxidation of 5,15-and 5,10-amino Ni(Ⅱ)porphyrin unit.Reduction of 4Ni and 5Ni under proper conditions gave NH-bridged Ni(Ⅱ)porphyrin trimers 4Ni-2H and 5Ni-2H in high yields.Trimers 4Ni and 5Ni exhibit the lowest energy band as compared with 4Ni-2H and 5Ni-2H.Especially the bent trimer 5Ni exhibits a broad absorption tail beyond 1400 nm.

Metallocorrole-based porous organic polymers as a heterogeneous catalytic nanoplatform for efficient carbon dioxide conversion

Metallocorrole macrocycles that represent a burgeoning class of attractive metal-complexes from the porphyrinoid family,have attracted great interest in recent years owing to their unique structure and excellent performance revealed in many fields,yet further functionalization through incorporating these motifs into porous nanomaterials employing the bottom-up approach is still scarce and remains synthetically challenging.Here,we report the targeted synthesis of porous organic polymers(POPs)constructed from custom-designed Mn and Fe-corrole complex building units,respectively denoted as CorPOP-1(Mn)and CorPOP-1(FeCl).Specifically,the robust CorPOP-1(Mn)bearing Mn-corrole active centers displays superior heterogeneous catalytic activity toward solvent-free cycloaddition of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))with epoxides to form cyclic carbonates under mild reaction conditions as compared with the homogeneous counterpart.CorPOP-1(Mn)can be easily recycled and does not show significant loss of reactivity after seven successive cycles.This work highlights the potential of metallocorrole-based porous solid catalysts for targeting CO_(2) transformations,and would provide a guide for the task-specific development of more corrole-based multifunctional materials for extended applications.