Feelings influence human beings’decision-making;therefore,incorporation of feeling factors in decision-making is very important.Regret and rejoice are very important emotional feelings that can have a great impact on...Feelings influence human beings’decision-making;therefore,incorporation of feeling factors in decision-making is very important.Regret and rejoice are very important emotional feelings that can have a great impact on decision-making if they are considered together.While regret has received most of the attention in related research,rejoice has been less considered even though it can greatly influence people’s preferences in decision-making.Furthermore,systematically incorporating regret and rejoice in the multicriteria decision-making(MCDM)modeling frameworks for decision-making has received little research attention.In this paper,we introduce a new multiattribute selection procedure that incorporates both regret and rejoice to select the best choice.We utilize the positional advantage operator concept to develop regret and rejoice mathematical equations,and prove them.The proposed MCDM procedure that incorporates these two emotional factors offers a decision-maker the flexibility to trade off some benefits in order to gain a state of psychological satisfaction.More specifically,regret and rejoice are presentedmathematically to enable the decision-maker to determine the values of regret and rejoice,and then make the decision in which the rejoice value is higher than the regret value.To test the performance of this new procedure,we apply it to three numerical examples proposed in previous works.The results are matched with those obtained by other methods such as the regret model,VIKOR,PROMETHEE I,and PROMETHEE II,thereby proving the efficacy of the new procedure.展开更多
Language testing is very important and necessary,and moreover as we all know,nowadays,in English language testing, the muhiple-choice item is most widely used and many users regard the multiple-choice item as the most...Language testing is very important and necessary,and moreover as we all know,nowadays,in English language testing, the muhiple-choice item is most widely used and many users regard the multiple-choice item as the most flexible and probably the most effective of the objective item types.The multiple-choice item has its characteristics,advantages and disadvantages.We should bring out its strengths to make up for its weaknesses and use it appropriately.Although it has its limitations,it is suitable for large-scale tests and tests dealing with wide-range knowledge.We should correctly ap- ply testing principles and methods in order to make testing more effective and reliable.展开更多
基金This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,through the Research Funding Program(Grant No.FRP-1440-31).
文摘Feelings influence human beings’decision-making;therefore,incorporation of feeling factors in decision-making is very important.Regret and rejoice are very important emotional feelings that can have a great impact on decision-making if they are considered together.While regret has received most of the attention in related research,rejoice has been less considered even though it can greatly influence people’s preferences in decision-making.Furthermore,systematically incorporating regret and rejoice in the multicriteria decision-making(MCDM)modeling frameworks for decision-making has received little research attention.In this paper,we introduce a new multiattribute selection procedure that incorporates both regret and rejoice to select the best choice.We utilize the positional advantage operator concept to develop regret and rejoice mathematical equations,and prove them.The proposed MCDM procedure that incorporates these two emotional factors offers a decision-maker the flexibility to trade off some benefits in order to gain a state of psychological satisfaction.More specifically,regret and rejoice are presentedmathematically to enable the decision-maker to determine the values of regret and rejoice,and then make the decision in which the rejoice value is higher than the regret value.To test the performance of this new procedure,we apply it to three numerical examples proposed in previous works.The results are matched with those obtained by other methods such as the regret model,VIKOR,PROMETHEE I,and PROMETHEE II,thereby proving the efficacy of the new procedure.
文摘Language testing is very important and necessary,and moreover as we all know,nowadays,in English language testing, the muhiple-choice item is most widely used and many users regard the multiple-choice item as the most flexible and probably the most effective of the objective item types.The multiple-choice item has its characteristics,advantages and disadvantages.We should bring out its strengths to make up for its weaknesses and use it appropriately.Although it has its limitations,it is suitable for large-scale tests and tests dealing with wide-range knowledge.We should correctly ap- ply testing principles and methods in order to make testing more effective and reliable.
