THE POSITION VARIATION OF THE WEST PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL HIGH AND ITS POSSIBLE MECHANISM

Using NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis data and SCSMEX data, an investigation is carried out of the relationship between the position variation of the west Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） and the apparcnt heating in June 1998 based on the complete vertical vorticlty equation. It is tbund that the non-adiabatic heating plays an important role in the position variation of WPSH. In comparison with climatic mean status, the vertical change of non-adiabatic heating is stronger in the north side of WPSH in June 1998, but weaker in the south side of WPSH. The anomalous non-uniform heating induces anomalous cyclonic vorticity in South China, areas to lhe south of the Yangtze and its mid-lower valleys, but anomalous anticyclonic vorticity in the Indo-China Peninsula and South China Sea areas lead to the more southward position of WPSH than the mean.

Variations in Carbohydrate and Protein Accumulation among Spikelets at Different Positions Within a Panicle During Rice Grain Filling

The accumulation dynamics of kernel components for spikelets at different positions within a rice panicle were investigated during grain filling to understand the physiological reasons for the variation of grain quality.Two rice cultivars,Yangdao 6 （indica） and Yangjing 9538 （japonica）,were field-grown,and the grain filling characters and contents of starch,soluble sugar,and protein of the spikelets at different positions were studied.There were significant differences in matter accumulation among spikelets at different positions during grain filling.The early-flowering spikelets presented dominance over the late-flowering spikelets in initial time and initial rate of accumulation.At the initial and mid filling stages,the contents and the rates of starch and amylose accumulation in spikelets decreased with the flowering sequence,but soluble sugar content （SSC） exhibited the opposite trend.The difference in SSC among the spikelets of Yangjing 9538 was greater than that of Yangdao 6,but amylose content in mature spikelets showed no obvious relationship to their flowering sequence.The crude protein content （CPC） of early-flowering spikelets decreased more rapidly than that of late-flowering ones at the initial filling stage,and CPC in the spikelets on the secondary branch was higher than that on the primary branch,but CPC in early-flowering ones was lower than that in late-flowering across the whole grain filling period.Grain water content （GWC） of early-flowering spikelets decreased more rapidly than that of late-flowering spikelets on the same branch at the initial and mid filling stages,especially for the top grain on each primary branch.The results suggested that poor grain filling of late-flowering spikelets may be attributed to their low biological activity rather than carbohydrate supply limitation.

Estimation of annual variation of water vapor in the Arctic Ocean between 80°–87°N using shipborne GPS data based on kinematic precise point positioning

The measurement of atmospheric water vapor （WV） content and variability is important for meteorological and climatological research. A technique for the remote sensing of atmospheric WV content using ground-based Global Positioning System （GPS） has become available, which can routinely achieve accuracies for integrated WV content of 1-2 kg/m2. Some experimental work has shown that the accuracy of WV measurements from a moving platform is comparable to that of （static） land-based receivers. Extending this technique into the marine environment on a moving platform would be greatly beneficial for many aspects of meteorological research, such as the calibration of satellite data, investigation of the air-sea interface, as well as forecasting and climatological studies. In this study, kinematic precise point positioning has been developed to investigate WV in the Arctic Ocean （80°-87°N） and annual variations are obtained for 2008 and 2012 that are identical to those related to the enhanced greenhouse effect.

Precise Positioning Method for Seafloor Geodetic Stations Based on the Temporal Variation of Sound Speed Structure

At present,GNSS-Acoustic(GNSS-A)combined technology is widely used in positioning for seafloor geodetic stations.Based on Sound Velocity Profiles(SVPs)data,the equal gradient acoustic ray-tracing method is applied in high-precision position inversion.However,because of the discreteness of the SVPs used in the forementioned method,it ignores the continuous variation of sound velocity structure in time domain,which worsens the positioning accuracy.In this study,the time-domain variation of Sound Speed Structure(SSS)has been considered,and the cubic B-spline function is applied to characterize the perturbed sound velocity.Based on the ray-tracing theory,an inversion model of“stepwise iteration&progressive corrections”for both positioning and sound speed information is proposed,which conducts the gradual correction of seafloor geodetic station coordinates and disturbed sound velocity.The practical data was used to test the effectiveness of our method.The results show that the Root Mean Square(RMS)errors of the residual values of the traditional methods without sound velocity correction,based on quadratic polynomial correction and based on cubic B-spline function correction are 1.43 ms,0.44 ms and 0.21 ms,respectively.The inversion model with sound velocity correction can effectively eliminate the systematic error caused by the change of SSS,and significantly improve the positioning accuracy of the seafloor geodetic stations.

MULTIPLICITY AND CONCENTRATION BEHAVIOUR OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR SCHRDINGER-KIRCHHOFF TYPE EQUATIONS INVOLVING THE p-LAPLACIAN IN R^N

In this article, we study the multiplicity and concentration behavior of positive solutions for the p-Laplacian equation of SchrSdinger-Kirchhoff type -εpM（εp-N∫RN｜△u｜p）△pu＋v（x｜u｜p-2u=f（u）in RN, where △p is the p-Laplacian operator, 1 〈 p 〈 N, M ： R＋ → R＋ and V ： RN →R＋ are continuous functions, ε is a positive parameter, and f is a continuous function with subcritical growth. We assume that V satisfies the local condition introduced by M. del Pino and P. Felmer. By the variational methods, penalization techniques, and Lyusternik- Schnirelmann theory, we prove the existence, multiplicity, and concentration of solutions for the above equation.

POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR WEAKLY COUPLED NONLINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS

In this article, we consider the existence of positive solutions for weakly coupled nonlinear elliptic systems {-△u＋u=（1＋a（x））｜u｜P-1u＋μ｜u｜a-2u｜v｜β＋λv in Rn,-△u＋u=（1＋b（x））｜v｜p-1v＋μ｜u｜a｜v｜β-2v＋λu in Rn To find nontrivial solutions, we first investigate autonomous systems. In this case, results of bifurcation from semi-trivial solutions are obtained by the implicit function theorem. Next, the existence of positive solutions of problem （0.1） is obtained by variational methods.

Positive psychological intervention for anxiety, depression and coping in subjects addicted to online games

BACKGROUND Addiction to online games is not uncommon.The patients usually refuse to take medications and present with affective symptoms such as anxiety,depression and negative coping styles.Psychological intervention based on positive psychology is a promising treatment for such patients.AIM To evaluate the effect of positive psychological intervention on anxiety,depression and coping in people addicted to online games.METHODS This self-controlled study included 89 people addicted to online games,who received treatment at Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital,Hangzhou,China in 2019.The Hamilton Anxiety Scale,Hamilton Depression Scale and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire were administered to evaluate the anxiety,depression and coping style among these people.Psychological intervention based on positive psychology was provided for 6 wk followed by another evaluation.The results were compared against those from the previous evaluation.RESULTS After 6 wk of psychological intervention,89 people achieved a significant improvement in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24 scales.The score for positive coping style in Trait Coping Style Questionnaire was significantly improved,while that of the negative coping style decreased significantly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Psychological intervention based on positive psychology alleviated affective symptoms,such as anxiety and depression,in subjects addicted to online games.Psychological intervention corrected negative coping style,thereby improving mental health.

Robust SLAM localization method based on improved variational Bayesian filtering

Aimed at the problem that the state estimation in the measurement update of the simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM)method is incorrect or even not convergent because of the non-Gaussian measurement noise,outliers,or unknown and time-varying noise statistical characteristics,a robust SLAM method based on the improved variational Bayesian adaptive Kalman filtering(IVBAKF)is proposed.First,the measurement noise covariance is estimated using the variable Bayesian adaptive filtering algorithm.Then,the estimated covariance matrix is robustly processed through the weight function constructed in the form of a reweighted average.Finally,the system updates are iterated multiple times to further gradually correct the state estimation error.Furthermore,to observe features at different depths,a feature measurement model containing depth parameters is constructed.Experimental results show that when the measurement noise does not obey the Gaussian distribution and there are outliers in the measurement information,compared with the variational Bayesian adaptive SLAM method,the positioning accuracy of the proposed method is improved by 17.23%,20.46%,and 17.76%,which has better applicability and robustness to environmental disturbance.

EXISTENCE OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS TO QUASI-LINEAR EQUATION INVOLVING CRITICAL SOBOLEV-HARDY EXPONENT

This paper is concerned with the quasi-linear equation with critical Sobolev-Hardy exponent whereΩ(?)RN(N(?)3)is a smooth bounded domain,0∈Ω,0(?)s<p,1<p<N,p(s):=p(N-s)/N-p is the critical Sobolev-Hardy exponent,λ>0,p(?)r<p,p:=Np/N-p is the critical Sobolev exponent,μ>,0(?)t<p,p(?)q<p(t)=p(N-t)/N-p.The existence of a positive solution is proved by Sobolev-Hardy inequality and variational method.

MULTIPLICITY OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR A CLASS OF CONCAVE-CONVEX ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS WITH CRITICAL GROWTH

In this article, the following concave and convex nonlinearities elliptic equations involving critical growth is considered,{-△u=g（x）｜u｜2＊-2u＋λf（x）｜u｜q-2u,x∈Ω u=0,x∈δΩ where Ω RN（N ≥ 3） is an open bounded domain with smooth boundary, 1 〈 q 〈 2, λ 〉 0. 2＊= 2N/N-2 is the critical Sobolev exponent, f ∈L2＊/2N/N-2 is nonzero and nonnegative, and g E （Ω） is a positive function with k local maximum points. By the Nehari method and variational method, k ＋ 1 positive solutions are obtained. Our results complement and optimize the previous work by Lin [MR2870946, Nonlinear Anal. 75（2012） 2660-26711.

Positive Radial Solutions for a Class of Semilinear Elliptic Problems Involving Critical Hardy-Sobolev Exponent and Hardy Terms

In this paper, we investigate the solvability of a class of semilinear elliptic equations which are perturbation of the problems involving critical Hardy-Sobolev exponent and Hardy singular terms. The existence of at least a positive radial solution is established for a class of semilinear elliptic problems involving critical Hardy-Sobolev exponent and Hardy terms. The main tools are variational method, critical point theory and some analysis techniques.

Evaluating the emotion regulation of positive mood states among people with bipolar disorder using hierarchical clustering

BACKGROUND People with bipolar disorder(BD)frequently struggle with the recurrence of affective symptoms.However,the interplay between coping mechanism and positive mood state remains under-researched.AIM To explore the associations among behavioral approach system(BAS)sensitivity level,coping,and positive mood states among people with BD.METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design,90 participants with BD were presented with four BAS-activating life event scenarios and assessed with regard to their BAS trait sensitivity,coping flexibility,and mood states.A hierarchical clustering method was used to identify different groups with different styles of coping.Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the mediating and moderating roles of different components of coping on mood states.RESULTS A three-cluster solution was found to best fit the present data set.The findings showed that a low mass of coping combined with low BAS sensitivity level protects people with BD from detrimentally accentuating mood states when they encounter BAS-activating life events.Moreover,coping flexibility is demonstrated to mediate and moderate the relationships between BAS sensitivity level and mood states.Specifically,subduing the perceived controllability and reducing the use of behavioral-activation/emotion-amplifying coping strategies could help buffer the effect of positive affect.CONCLUSION The judicious use of coping in emotion regulation for people with BD when encountering BAS-activating life events was indicated.Practical applications and theoretical implications are highlighted.

Ultrasonographic identification of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve anatomical variation in persistent meralgia paresthetica:A case report

BACKGROUND Meralgia paresthetica(MP)is an entrapment mononeuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve(LFCN).Although structural abnormalities in nerve tissues can be confirmed using ultrasonography,this is not routinely performed.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present the case of a 52-year-old woman who developed MP after laparoscopic gynecological surgery.The patient was referred to our clinic from an obstetrics and gynecology clinic with symptoms of numbness and a tingling sensation in the left anterolateral thigh,which developed after surgery performed 5 mo earlier.Tests were performed to assess the disease status and determine the underlying causes.Ultrasonographic examination revealed an anatomical variation,where the left LFCN was entrapped within the inguinal ligament.This case suggests that performing ultrasonographic examination before and after surgery in the lithotomy position could help prevent MP.CONCLUSION This case demonstrates the value of ultrasonography in detecting anatomical variation and diagnosing persistent MP.Ultrasonography should be considered an adjunct to electromyography for optimal MP management.Further,this case would help other clinicians determine patient prognosis and decide on targeted treatment strategies.

Existence and Multiplicity of Positive Solutions for a Coupled Fourth-Order System of Kirchhoff Type

In this paper,we study a coupled fourth-order system of Kirchhoff type.Under appropriate hypotheses of V_(i)(x)for i=1,2,f and g,we obtained two main existence theorems of weak solutions for the problem by variational methods.Some recent results are extended.

Driving Style Recognition System Using Smartphone Sensors Based on Fuzzy Logic

Every 24 seconds,someone dies on the road due to road accidents and it is the 8th leading cause of death and the first among children aged 15–29 years.1.35 million people globally die every year due to road traffic crashes.An additional 20–50 million suffer from non-fatal injuries,often resulting in longterm disabilities.This costs around 3%of Gross Domestic Product to most countries,and it is a considerable economic loss.The governments have taken various measures such as better road infrastructures and strict enforcement of motor-vehicle laws to reduce these accidents.However,there is still no remarkable reduction in the number of accidents.To ensure driver safety and achieve vision of zero accidents,there is a great need to monitor drivers’driving styles.Most of the existing driving behavior monitoring solutions are based on expensive hardware sensors.As most people are using smartphones in the modern era,a system based on mobile application is proposed,which can reduce the cost for developing intelligent transport systems(ITS)to a large extent.In this paper,we utilize the accelerometer sensor data and the global positioning system(GPS)sensor deployed in smartphones to recognize driving and speeding events.A driving style recognition system based on fuzzy logic is designed to classify different driving styles and control reckless driving by taking the longitudinal/lateral acceleration and speed as input parameters.Thus,the proposed system uses fuzzy logic rather than taking the crisp values of the sensors.Results indicate that the proposed system can classify reckless driving based on fuzzy logic and,therefore,reduce the number of accidents.

Degree of style coiling is associated with corolla-tube length in the nectarless flowers of Roscoea schneideriana

The plant-pollinator‘arms race’model posits that a major driver of the evolution of elongated corollas in flowers is reciprocal selection for‘morphological fit’between pollinator-tongue length and access distance to nectar(usually corolla-tube length).Evidence for the pollinator-mediated selection on tube length and evolution of multiple,correlated floral traits remains inconclusive.To gain possible insights into the strength of stabilizing selection by assessing standing phenotypic variation,we measured a series of functionally important floral traits,including corolla tube length and‘effective’tube depth and degree of style coiling.We then calculated coefficients of variation(CV)for these traits in three field populations of R.schneideriana.Unlike in most long-tubed flowers,the bottom part of the corolla tube is completely occupied by the style,with no room for nectar.The length of this portion of the corolla tube was more variable(higher CV)than the upper part of the corolla tube,suggesting that functional tube depth was under stronger stabilizing selection.The degree of style coiling was negatively related to the corolla-tube length in all three populations of R.schneideriana,suggesting that there may be conflicting selection acting on style length and corolla-tube length,which are otherwise usually tightly correlated.Given the lack of nectar in the flowers of this species,the long corolla tubes and long styles may represent morphological holdovers from ancestors that were pollinated by long-tongued pollinators,as is still seen in related species in the western Himalayas.

知识变异视角下学科知识创新生长现状分析——以引文分析领域为例

[目的/意义]知识变异是指两个或多个学科的知识基因重新组合产生创新知识的过程,基于知识变异视角分析学科知识创新生长现状,对于在大科学背景下把握学科发展现状、总结知识创新生长规律、探测复杂学术问题的解决具有重要意义。[方法/过程]定义学科交叉背景下知识创新生长的结果表现为跨学科知识生长点的产生,位于不同引用位置的跨学科知识对施引知识创新生长的刺激程度存在差异。因此,将文献引用位置划分为引言、综述、方法、讨论、结论5个部分并赋予不同的权重,从知识合作强度与知识合作有效性两方面构建跨学科知识生长点创新程度测度模型,测度知识变异程度及创新生长现状,并进行类型划分。[结果/结论]以引文分析领域为例进行实证分析,发现在这个领域中的核心专业知识与应用方向知识更容易受到跨学科输入知识的刺激。其中,理论概念类跨学科知识的刺激作用需要量的积累,方法类跨学科知识刺激快速高效,技术类跨学科知识的专业性差异会影响其刺激效果。

积极应对方式在脑胶质瘤患者照顾者积极感受和幸福感间的中介效应

目的调查脑胶质瘤患者照顾者积极感受、积极应对方式和幸福感现况,并探讨积极应对方式在其积极感受与幸福感间的中介效应。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年1月至2022年2月脑胶质瘤患者照顾者100人,采用一般资料调查问卷、幸福感指数、中文版照顾者积极感受量表、简易应对方式问卷对照顾者进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析法分析积极应对方式、积极感受与幸福感间的相关性,并采用Process 3.5中的模型4和Bootstrap法检验积极应对方式在积极感受和幸福感间的中介作用。结果脑胶质瘤患者照顾者幸福感指数总分为(7.07±2.21)分,积极感受总分为(31.84±6.85)分,积极应对方式总分为(21.85±6.76)分。照顾者幸福感与积极感受呈正相关(r=0.322,P<0.01),与积极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.342,P<0.01);积极应对方式与积极感受呈正相关(r=0.322,P<0.01)。积极感受通过积极应对方式对幸福感的间接效应为0.203,占总效应的39%。结论脑胶质瘤患者照顾者幸福感处于中等水平,积极应对方式在积极感受和幸福感间起部分中介作用。

新世纪以来随笔体批评的革新

21世纪以来,随笔体批评出现了诸多变体,以网络短评、报纸期刊专栏随笔批评以及文本与超文本融合的播客类批评为典型代表。在文体结构上,随笔体批评以更加张扬的主体性、更灵活的文体形式与时代新变接轨,展现出蓬勃的生命力和阐释潜力。随笔体批评主体从“我”本位出发,实现了向内与向外的双向延伸,在“我”本位与读者立场之间形成了一种紧张的对位关系。进入21世纪以后,中国本土的随笔体批评经历了对旧有文体的创造性转化,在文体价值、文学批评价值、社会价值三个维度上,以其包容性的特质有效衔接了公域与私域,奠定了自身的独特地位。