Mechanism analysis of free formation of backing weld by the pulsed MAG-TIG double arc tandem welding

Because of the presence of lower-level automation and efficiency in the backing welding of medium–thick plates,pulse-metalactive-gas–metal-inert-gas(MAG–MIG)dual-arc welding was applied to backing welding of 24-mm-thick Q235-B plate and the process and mechanism of root welding with back formation were investigated.The heating position of the MAG-arc at the front of the molten pool could be adjusted by using the electromagnetic force between the MAG-arc and the MIG-arc,and part of the arc energy could work on the root face directly.By combining the arc-discharge behaviour and analysis of flow in the molten pool,the shear stress of a tungsten inert gas(TIG)arc to the molten pool could make the liquid metal flow backwards.Thus,the quality of the front and bottom liquid metal were reduced,which favored the balance and stability.Continuous and stable back formation with uniform penetration could be achieved by using the pulse MAG–TIG dual-arc welding technology.

Effect of Pulse and dc Formation on the Performance of One-Transistor and One-Resistor Resistance Random Access Memory Devices

We investigate the effect of the formation process under pulse and dc modes on the performance of one transistor and one resistor （1 T1R） resistance random access memory （RRAM） device. All the devices are operated under the same test conditions, except for the initial formation process with different modes. Based on the statistical results, the high resistance state （FIRS） under the dc forming mode shows a lower value with better distribution compared with that under the pulse mode. One of the possible reasons for such a phenomenon originates from different properties of conductive filament （CF） formed in the resistive switching layer under two different modes. For the dc forming mode, the formed filament is thought to be continuous, which is hard to be ruptured, resulting in a lower HRS. However, in the case of pulse forming, the filament is discontinuous where the transport mechanism is governed by hopping. The low resistance state （LRS） can be easily changed by removing a few trapping states from the conducting path. Hence, a higher FIRS is thus observed. However, the HRS resistance is highly dependent on the length of the gap opened. A slight variation of the gap length will cause wide dispersion of resistance.

脉冲频数对pulsed DE-GMAW焊缝成形的分析

针对脉冲旁路耦合电弧焊(pulsed DE-GMAW)焊接过程中熔滴过渡和焊缝成形控制难题,基于高速摄像等在内的硬件系统和x PC的快速原型软件系统构成的试验系统,对不同的脉冲数量对熔滴过渡和焊缝成形的影响进行了分析.结果表明,在主路电流不变的情况下,随着双脉冲旁路电流的峰值脉冲数增加,自由过渡的次数增加;随着双脉冲旁路电流的基值脉冲数增加,短路过渡的次数增加.但较多的短路过渡次数会导致焊接过程不稳定,产生较大飞溅.在此基础上,确立了双脉冲旁路电流的双脉冲峰值脉冲数与基值脉冲数匹配来控制熔滴过渡方式,因此获得较好的焊缝成形.

Effect of pulse M-Arc frequency on Tri-Arc DE droplet transfer and weld forming

In view of the unstable welding process of Tri-Arc DE,surfacing test with Q235 steel plate was completed with the help of the self-built high-speed camera and waveform synchronous acquisition system using the Tri-Arc DE technology. The effects of pulsed M-Arc frequency on Tri-Arc DE droplet transfer and weld formation were analyzed. The results show that while the gradual increase of pulse frequency,the droplet transfer frequency gradually decreases,which is followed by several drops per pulse,one drop per pulse,and one drop within several pulses. The most ideal transfer form is one drop per pulse,of which the welding process is the most stable,and the quality of weld formation is the most satisfied.

Influence of process parameters on drilling characteristics of Al 1050 sheet with thickness of 0.2 mm using pulsed Nd:YAG laser

The object of this work is to investigate the influence of process parameters on drilling characteristics of an Al 1050 sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser through numerical analyses and experiments. By comparing the numerical analyses with the experiments, a proper numerical model was obtained. From the results of the numerical analyses and the experiments, the effects of process parameters on entrance diameters of drilled holes, shapes of the holes, taper angles of the holes and temperature distributions in the vicinity of the holes were examined quantitatively. In addition, the optimal drilling condition was estimated to improve the quality of the drilled holes.

Interfacial reaction control during pulsed argon arc welding of SiC_p/Al composites

The interfacial reaction control of SiC_p/2124Al composites was investigated during pulsed argon arc welding. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties, the metallographic structure and interfacial microstructure of the induced welding joint were tested and detected, respectively. The results reveal that the joint with excellent properties could be achieved by the proper selection of the special filling material and the addition of the pulse during welding. Moreover, the formation mechanism of the welding joint was discussed and the corresponding measures on further improving the quality of the welding joint of SiC_p/2124Al composites were put forward in the condition of pulsed argon arc welding.

铜-铝电磁脉冲焊接界面形成过程的原子扩散行为

电磁脉冲焊接技术以高压脉冲放电驱使异种金属可靠连接而备受关注,但其界面结合机制尚不明确.该文搭建了铜-铝电磁脉冲焊接综合试验平台,捕获了焊接的动力学过程,得到碰撞点速度与碰撞角度的变化规律.在此基础上,构建了基于分子动力学模拟的电磁脉冲焊接典型界面(平直界面与涡旋界面)形成过程的对应模型,探究了焊接中的原子扩散行为,并根据模拟结果计算了典型结合界面的扩散层厚度,同时采用透射电子显微镜分析了结合界面的微观结构.研究结果表明,剧烈碰撞驱使界面材料塑性变形,界面材料塑性形变形成冶金结合和机械咬合是铜-铝电磁脉冲焊接界面的结合机制,且涡旋界面处的原子扩散厚度大于平直界面.该文可为深入理解电磁脉冲焊接机理和调控焊接效果提供科学依据.

预电离间隙击穿特性及其对中储开关击穿稳定性的影响

紫外预电离中储开关是大型强电磁脉冲模拟装置的关键器件,中储开关预电离间隙击穿特性是影响开关性能的一个重要因素。在N_(2)气压为0.1~0.7 MPa的工作环境中,开展了预电离间隙的击穿特性及其对中储开关击穿稳定性影响的实验研究。预电离间隙的击穿特性实验结果表明,随着气压的增加,预电离间隙击穿电压呈现出不同的变化趋势:间隙距离较短时,击穿发生在预电离间隙钨针和铜电极之间的气体介质中,击穿电压呈现出渐进饱和的趋势;间隙距离较长时,低气压下的击穿发生在预电离间隙中,高气压条件下击穿发生在预电离电极的陶瓷套管表面气体介质中,此时击穿电压几乎不随气压发生变化。在电磁脉冲模拟装置中开展了预电离间隙击穿特性对紫外预电离中储开关击穿特性影响的实验,结果表明,当中储开关内部气压很高时,开关击穿分散性大于低气压区域。该结果可能与预电离间隙在高气压区域时击穿发生在陶瓷套管上有关,该现象导致预电离间隙击穿过早,使得预电离间隙击穿时刻与主间隙波形波峰时刻之间的时间差大于主间隙击穿的形成时延,从而增大了主间隙击穿电压的分散性。

脉冲激光辅助激光增材制造研究进展

针对辅助脉冲激光作用在固相区的情况,分别论述了非同步式表面、非同步式层间以及同步式脉冲激光辅助激光增材制造的工艺特点,分析了增材制造构件组织、成形缺陷以及应力分布的调控机理,并系统对比了非同步式和同步式脉冲激光辅助激光增材制造的调控效果,总结了同步式脉冲激光辅助激光增材制造的工艺优势。针对辅助脉冲激光作用在熔池区的情况,研究了脉冲激光功率密度、频率对熔池热动力学行为的作用机理(Marangoni对流、超声波搅拌空化、冲击波效应等),进而明晰了辅助脉冲激光冲击熔池对增材制造构件组织、成形缺陷的影响机理。最后,对脉冲激光辅助激光增材制造技术的研究进展进行了总结,并对下一阶段的发展方向进行了展望。

异种有色金属电磁脉冲焊接研究现状及发展趋势

电磁脉冲焊接技术由电磁脉冲成形技术演化而来,通过电磁力驱动被焊接金属发生高速碰撞,实现碰撞界面的冶金结合进而获得焊接接头,作为一种固相连接技术,尤其适用于性能差异显著的异种材料焊接。随着国内外研究者对电磁脉冲焊接技术的深入研究,发现该技术在铝与镁、铝与铜、铝与钛、铝与镍钛等异种有色金属焊接领域的应用前景日益广阔。然而,目前缺乏对异种有色金属电磁脉冲焊接研究现状及发展趋势的综述研究,未能明确该技术在异种有色金属焊接中存在的问题和发展方向。因此,本文详细探讨了异种有色金属电磁脉冲焊接接头的微观结构特征、元素分布规律及显微组织特性,并阐述了接头形成机理,主要包括碰撞界面结合模型和缺陷形成机制。研究发现,不同异种有色金属组合的焊接界面结构明显不同,电磁脉冲焊接接头的力学性能优化需要通过进一步揭示焊接界面结构的形成机制来实现,电磁脉冲焊接技术难以对电学性能差、厚度大以及强度高的材料进行高质量焊接,需要加强相关辅助焊接技术、辅助装备的研究开发。最后对电磁脉冲焊接技术在异种有色金属的焊接过程中存在的问题及未来发展方向进行了展望,提出了未来该技术的研究发展方向,为电磁脉冲焊接技术的相关研究奠定了基础。

Arc and Droplet Behaviors in Horizontal Short-Arc Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding of 9%Ni Steel with ERNiCrMo-3 Welding Wire

Short-arc pulsed gas metal arc welding(P-GMAW)was used to solve the dificulties of molten pool spreading and droplet transfer of Ni-based welding wire.Suppression of short-circuit current was used to reduce spatter.Arc length stabilizer was used to acquire a proper and stable arc length maintained at the critical position where short circuit starts to occur.Short-arc P-GMAW with or without arc length stabilizer was compared.The droplet transfer,arc behaviors and weld bead profiles were investigated and compared based on the high-speed photography and observation of weld cross-section.When the arc length stabilizer was deactivated,the arc length was unstable and too short.The droplet transfer mode was mainly short circuit partial transfer,with only a small part of the droplet transferred into the molten pool,with the characteristics of no obvious necking,a few spatters,small droplet impact,long short circuit duration and high short-circuit current.There was also a small proportion of short circuit complete transfer with obvious necking,larger droplet impact,shorter short-circuit duration and lower short-circuit current.With arc length stabilizer,droplet transfer modes were short circuit complete transfer and spray transfer.The spray transfer had the largest droplet impact,no short circuit and no spatter.With the arc length stabilizer activated,a deep penetration,a high penetration ratio,a small reinforcement and a large reinforcement factor were acquired.This provides an innovative method to solve the difficulties of droplet transfer and molten pool spreading and eliminate the incomplete fusion in the GMAW of 9%Ni steel with nickel-based alloy welding wire.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound prompts tissue-engineered bone formation after implantation surgery

Background A practical problem impeding clinical translation is the limited bone formation seen in artificial bone grafts.Low-pressure/vacuum seeding and dynamic culturing in bioreactors have led to a greater penetration into the scaffolds,enhanced production of bone marrow cells,and improved tissue-engineered bone formation.The goal of this study was to promote more extensive bone formation in the composites of porous ceramics and bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs）.Methods BMSCs/β-tricalcium phosphate （β-TCP） composites were subcultured for 2 weeks and then subcutaneously implanted into syngeneic rats that were split into a low-intensity pulsed ultrasound （LIPUS） treatment group and a control group.These implants were harvested at 5,10,25,and 50 days after implantation.The samples were then biomechanically tested and analyzed for alkaline phosphate （ALP） activity and osteocalcin （OCN） content and were also observed by light microscopy.Results The levels of ALP activity and OCN content in the composites were significantly higher in the LIPUS group than in the control group.Histomorphometric analysis revealed a greater degree of soft tissue repair,increased blood flow,better angiogenesis,and more extensive bone formation in the LIPUS groups than in the controls.No significant difference in the compressive strength was found between the two groups.Conclusion LIPUS treatment appears to enhance bone formation and angiogenesis in the BMSCs/β3-TCP composites.

占空比对脉冲光纤激光焊接6061铝合金焊缝成形及性能的影响

采用脉冲模式光纤激光对3 mm厚的6061铝合金板进行了对接试验,研究占空比对6061铝合金焊缝成形及接头组织性能的影响。结果表明,随着占空比的增大,焊缝宽度逐渐增大。占空比较大时,焊缝中心部位等轴晶组织的比例相对较高,晶粒尺寸变大。这是由于随着占空比的增加,单脉冲周期内激光峰值功率持续时间变长,即激光束与液态金属作用的时间和剧烈程度增加,激光焊接热输入变大造成的。焊接接头的抗拉强度均低于母材的,且随着占空比的增加抗拉强度逐渐减小,拉伸试样断裂均发生在焊缝部位。

ZYNQ架构多道脉冲幅度分析器优化设计

介绍了以ZYNQ架构为基础的多道脉冲幅度分析器的设计。采用ZYNQ Soc,其中FPGA核运用System Generator系统级模型开发工具搭建算法模型完成脉冲成形、堆积判弃、基线相减与幅值提取,ARM核将幅值数据通过TCP/IP协议传输至PC机;对仪器进行实测并使用ILA探头捕捉各测试数据,结果显示各个算法在ZYNQ中得到很好的应用,最终幅值误差在5%以内,且网口传输误码率为0,证明该设计具备实用性。

基于YOLOv5与PRI变换的无人机编队检测

针对无人机编队数量的检测,文中从信号处理角度,提出了一种基于YOLOv5与脉冲重复间隔(PRI)变换的无人机编队检测算法。首先对无人机旋翼的雷达回波微多普勒信号进行建模与参数化表征,用时频变换方法得到微多普勒时频图,然后对其中的闪烁脉冲用YOLOv5进行检测并得到每个闪烁脉冲的位置信息,最后用PRI变换对闪烁脉冲进行分选,并基于分选结果得到无人机数量的估计。实验结果表明,该方法在信噪比为2 dB时,对4架无人机编队的检测准确率能够达到90%以上。

机器人双脉冲弧焊工艺模式对铝合金焊缝质量的影响

为探究焊接模式和电流对铝合金焊缝成形的影响,采用双脉冲、高速双脉冲、双脉冲增强三种焊接模式匹配70A、80A、90A电流进行单道焊接.实验发现:当电流为90A时,焊缝效果较好,双脉冲模式焊缝内部的晶粒组织排列更加规则,枝晶生长得更加完整.由此可知,焊接模式和电流对铝合金焊缝的外部形态和内部微观组织产生影响;双脉冲模式匹配90 A的电流时,焊接质量优于高速双脉冲、双脉冲增强两种模式,可为焊接模式的选择提供一定的参考.

Novel Scheme for Multiple Channel Pulse Generation from a Single Laser Diodefor 10 Gbit/s Based WDM Systems Using RZ Modulation Format

A new technique for the generation of multi-channel optical pulse from a single laser diode (LD) is presented in this paper. 35 channel pulse source with 6.5 GHz repetition rate per channel and 32.5 GHz channel spacing was generated from a subharmonically hybrid mode-locked two section monolithic laser with enhanced amplitude modulation. The obtained pulse source exhibits high extinction ratio (>10 dB) and low level of root mean square (RMS) phase noise (<0.11 rad) over all channels from 1556 nm to 1565...

脉冲波作用下地层流体渗流规律研究

通过对脉冲波作用下地层流体在地层中传播的动力学机理的研究,结合波动力学理论,建立了脉冲波作用下地层流体的渗流方程.假设脉冲波作用下地层流体速度是地层流体原来的流速与n次脉冲波作用下振动速度的叠加,得到了脉冲波作用下地层流体的流速方程.结合实例分析了距离、时间、脉冲频率和脉冲振幅对渗流速度的影响.随着距离增大,渗流速度的振幅逐渐减小,直至为零;随着频率的增大,渗流速度的振幅开始逐渐减小,而后又变大;随着脉冲振幅的增大,各点的流速振幅逐渐增大.建立波动条件下的渗流方程可以从理论上了解不同参数对渗流速度的影响,为脉冲波采油技术在现场的应用提供理论依据.

高电流密度脉冲电解制备纯铜的研究

在小型电解槽中研究高电流密度脉冲电解制备纯铜的工艺条件 ,并用XRD、SEM及等离子体质谱仪研究杂质对阴极铜沉积的结构和组成的影响。研究表明 :3 0℃时 ,脉冲电解制备纯铜的工艺条件为 :平均电流密度80 0A/m2 ,峰电流密度 40 0 0A/m2 ,脉冲宽度 2 0ms ,脉冲频率 10 0Hz,占空比 1∶4。不用添加剂时 ,电解液中有害杂质的允许含量为 (g/L) :As5+ ≤ 0 0 3、Sb3+ ≤ 0 0 0 5、Bi3+ ≤ 0 0 0 5 ;用添加剂 (mg/L) :Cl- 3 0、(NH2 ) 2 CS 0 75～ 1 0、glue 1 0～ 1 5 ,电解液中有害杂质的允许含量为 (g/L) :As5+ ≤ 0 5、Sb3+ ≤ 0 0 3、Bi3+ ≤ 0 0 5。测试结果表明 :当电解液中不含杂质时 ,铜沉积 (2 2 0 )晶面为择优取向 ,结晶形态为层状 ,电解液中含杂质时 ,铜沉积的 (2 2 0 )晶面择优取向更强 ,结晶形态为层状混块状。

自激谐振脉冲射流在玉门鸭945井的应用

玉门油田深井段钻速慢,特别是志留系地层,由于岩层压实程度高,受到井深的影响,压耗高,难以发挥高压喷射优势,使得深井段平均机速不到1m/h,为此引进自激式谐振脉冲射流。它改变了传统的喷射作用,将连续射流转变成瞬间脉冲射流,降低了流量系数（0.6-0.8）,增强了破岩效率,在保护钻头、增强井底清洗效果、提高机速等方面优势明显。介绍了水力脉冲钻井原理、脉冲射流选择、脉冲射流工作过程,在鸭945井志留系试验应用304.86m,平均机速达1.73m/h,相比邻井提高（49-71）%,为玉门深井提速找到了新的突破口。