The Interrelationship between Culture and Capital Structure:Evidence from International Retailers

The present study investigates the influence of cultural factors in 2022 on the capital structure of global retailers.There are sixteen retailers from eight countries in the sample.In recent times,numerous academicians have taken an interest in examining the capital structure and business model of retailers,owing to their swift and consistent growth.However,the fact that the majority of research originates from the retailers’host country gives rise to debate regarding the applicability of the capital structure of said retailers to countries with distinct cultural environments.Consequently,academics have begun to investigate whether the capital structure of multinational retailers is impacted by the diversity of national cultures.

National Swine Genetic Improvement: An overview of essential program components and organizational structure needed for success

The swine industry in China is a thriving and evolving industry that has shown phenomenal growth over the past 10 years. To insure long term success and viability in a worldwide competitive industry such as pork, there is need for a National Swine Genetic Improvement Program. This program needs to draw on expertise and technology from across the world for its development, but it should be based on the structure of the pig industry in China and be led by Chinese scientists, administrators and producers. National Genetic Improvement requires more than just technology. A successful program of national genetic improvement will require cooperation from the industry and the government. The support for the university system is essential for the success of the pig industry. The university system has a vital role on education (of students, faculty, producers and consumers) as well as research and technology transfer. The government could also have a role in supporting the central test stations and AI stations across the country. An accurate and comprehensive pedigree maintenance system is essential to genetic improvement. And it will be vitally important to be active in the importation of new genetics to sample other populations.

Translation of Four-Chinese-Character Structures——With the Report at the 19^(th) National Congress of the Communist Party of China as Case Study

Chinese is featured with four-Chinese-character structures.These forms are typical in pattern,sound and meaning delivery.The thesis,therefore,with classifications of the four-Chinese-character structures in the latest 19^(th)National Congress of the Communist Party of China,attempts to analyze translation methods such as literal translation and liberal translation as well as translation techniques such as combination,shift,addition and omission.It is concluded that dominant methods or techniques are adopted in translating corresponding types of four-Chinese-character structures.In this sense,not only guidance for translation practice in political regard is offered but also a further understanding of translation methods and techniques can be gained.

Analysis of structural characteristics and spatial distribution of the national intangible cultural heritage in China and its policy implications

Based on an investigation of four published batches listing 3, 140 national intangible cultural heritage(ICH) projects in China and using GIS and some quantitative analysis methods, the spatial structure was investigated and the characteristics and distribution discussed. The distribution of ICHs in China is agglomerative and spatially dependent. From the view of ICH type, each type is distributed in different places, for different reasons, with history being the most important one we found. Nationwide, high-density cores are located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Delta region. High densities of ICH are concentrated in flat, water-rich regions where broad-leaved forests dominate plains and low mountain areas-areas that have fertile soil, pleasant weather, a long history of culture, ethnic agglomeration, and development. This paper suggests that development of the ICH should be based on discovering unknown items, to break the existing pattern of strong cohesion and high density, and to seek a balanced development of the whole.

National Planning,Investment & Structural Reform

Along with the further development of its economic structural reform, China’s planning, investment structure reform has made significant headway. A reporter interviewed Gui Shiyong, vice minister of the State Planning Commission on the current situation and orientation of the nation’s planning and investment structural reform.

Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Landscape Ecological Vulnerability in the Three-River-Source National Park Region

The increasing impact of global warming and human activities has exacerbated the ecological environment in the Three-RiverSource National Park Region(TNPR). Understanding the temporal and spatial evolution of landscape ecological vulnerability(LEV)and its influencing factors are crucial to the implementation of environmental management. Here, we aimed to: 1) construct a LEV assessment model integrating landscape structure and function;2) analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of TNPR’s LEV from 1995to 2015;3) use geographic detectors to reveal the regional influence factors of TNPR’s LEV. The main findings were: 1) grasslands, water, and bare land are important landscapes of TNPR, accounting for 98.37% of the total area. During the study period, there were significant differences in the area of different landscapes;except for desert, shrub, and urban land, the other landscape areas showed a decreasing trend. 2) During the study period, the LEV of TNPR showed a downward trend;except for grasslands, the ecological vulnerability of the other landscapes decreased steadily. Furthermore, a pattern of conversion from high to low vulnerability grade was observed in the study area. In terms of spatial distribution, the LEV level shows a trend of high at both ends(east and west) and low in the middle.3) Overall, the impact of natural factors on the ecological vulnerability of the TNPR was significantly higher than that of human factors.In conclusion, our study provides a scientific basis for landscape structure optimization and the management of regional ecological vulnerability.

The Diversity and Composition of Woody Plants in Chebera Churcura National Park (CCNP), Southern Ethiopia

National parks harbor the most valuable biological diversities of national and global significance. The study of these diversities assists for the proper resource management. This study was carried out to determine woody species diversity and composition in CCNP. Systematic sampling was used to collect vegetation data from 67 plots (400 m2 each), which were laid following altitudinal gradient. From each plot presence/absence of woody species, abundance and structural data were recorded. R Program, Sorensen’s similarity, Shannon diversity index were used for vegetation analysis. Our result indicated that a total of 106 plant specimens belonging to 42 families and 90 genera were identified, of which 57.6% were trees, followed by 18.8% shrubs, 7.6% liana and 16% tree/shrub. The three most dominant families were Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Combretaceae. Five vegetation community types were identified. Millettia ferugenia—Vepris danelii, and, Combrutum molle—Terminalia browni are among others. The tree density and basal area were 426.5 trees/hectare and 30.92 m2/hectare, respectively. The diversity and evenness indices were 3.88 and 0.46 for the study area, respectively. CCNP has more similarity with Bonga and Yayu afromontane forests of Ethiopia. Disturbances caused by the human activities and wild animals such as elephant were major threats to plant biodiversity in CCNP. We recommend floristic as well as ethnobotanical investigations to realize fully the existing plant diversity and their importance. Moreover, national attention should be given to ensure sustainable use of CCNP with its incredible biological resources.

China＇ s International Strategic Thought and Layout for a New Era

Over the five years between the 18 th and 19 th National Congress of the CPC, the new generation of Chinese leadership, with Xi Jinping at the core, has proposed a series of ideas, theories, concepts and initiatives, built a whole set of organizational structures and mechanisms,enriched and improved foreign strategic plans, overcome a host of territorial and sovereign difficulties through the construction and use of the Belt and Road Initiative, breathed new life into head of state diplomacy and other diplomatic forms, and formulated China's international strategic thought and structure for the new era. These developments have positioned China as a great power and led to three major historic achievements, laying an important foundation for China to move from regional big power to global strong power. However, the time-space particularity of China's rise has meant that some structural issues cannot be solved easily, while some new problems are mushrooming. The 19 th National Congress of CPC set higher task objectives for China's international strategy in the new era,and this calls for China's international strategic circle to continue its innovation in both theory and practice.

Research of the contemporary national theme Paintings development

National theme plays an important position in modern and contemporary Chinese painting, to achieve style deepen and breakthrough, which requires the painter first have a deep understanding of minority cultures, and have a perceptual experience of their lives. Relying on subjective feelings can easily made a minority careless conceptual evaluation, to say it is brave and pretty strong and can sing and dance that is not a bad idea; deep into their village, listening to folk songs, see the costumes, look for custom these are little difficult, in order to search the resulting to see a few works will make the looking luster, but so far it is still shallow grasp.

China＇s National Income Distribution in the New Normal：Characteristics,Contradictions and Reforms

This paper discusses the evolution and characteristics of China's national income distribution structure after the dawn of the new century and particularly in China's new normal of social and economic development. This paper casts light on the profound national income distribution and redistribution effects of changing ownership and economic reforms, as well as the microscopic household income distribution effects of changes in macroscopic distribution structure. Based on an analysis of changes in macroscopic distribution pattern, this paper explains the structural contradictions of national income distribution in China and their effects on China's economy, providing a theoretical analysis of income distribution for deepening supply-side structural reform.

Structure Evolution of China Aviation Network Based on Hierarchical Model

The annual passenger volume of airport reflected its passenger transport scale and the role in aviation network.The airports in whole country were divided into three layers:first layer airports,second layer airports and third layer airports.The airlines from the first layer airports consisted the first layer aviation network.The airlines from the second layer airports consisted the second layer aviation network.The airlines from the third layer airports consisted the third layer aviation network.The structure and function of different layer aviation network had significant differences.These differences were shown in the number of airlines,average number of airlines of each airport,annual passenger volume of airport and average passenger volume of each airline.National aviation network hierarchical model was constructed to describe the whole country aviation network.The matrix was built to describe the airline number,annual passenger volume,average number of airlines,average passenger volume of each airport and airline rate of aviation network.The index of national aviation network structure was constructed to show the ratio of index between different aviation network layer to describe the aviation network structure.The structure index was built to illustrate the macrostructural features of national aviation network.The statistics data in year 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 of China aviation network were analyzed and basic data matrixes,basic index matrixes and structure index matrixes were calculated.The trend of ratio of corresponding index between the first layer and the second layer showed the change of basic structure of China aviation network.At meantime,the tendency of ratio of corresponding index between the third layer and the second layer also showed the change of basic structure.The trend of network general structure index illustrated that the large scaled new airports and airlines construction had significant influence on the national aviation network structure.

论中国式现代化的文化道路问题——国家文化结构视野下由文化认同建构国家认同的逻辑

中国式现代化提出了当代中国国家建构的重大命题,在五千多年文明古国的笼统共识之下,深厚文化传统如何影响或制约国家建构的机制与路径一直没有得到清晰的揭示。国家文化结构理论表明,在中国文化认同型国家结构中,基于长期历史进程中形成的文化认同与国家认同具有天然联系,国家文化议程与国家政治议程纽结在一起,造成了国家建构中从文化认同到国家认同的“路径锁定”。进入近代,发端于西方资本主义的全球化进程将中国这样一个以历史文化传统为根基的文化共同体强行塞进现代民族国家的“强迫性框架”之中,极大弱化了中国经由文化认同建构国家认同的传统纽带,导致了从传统文化危机到国家认同危机的链式反映,动摇了国家结构的稳定性,其影响深广。通过梳理西方民族认同型国家与中国文化认同型国家之间的差异,阐述历史长周期内中国作为文化认同型国家的国家建构逻辑与转型困境,深入揭示出文化认同型国家的国家属性与形态特征,进而阐明全球化视野下以文化认同统筹民族认同和宗教认同的中国特色的国家建构路径,从中西方现代化启动的初始文化条件差异上阐明了中国式现代化道路不同于西方的特殊内涵和根本特征,更加深入地认识“推进中国式现代化作为最大的政治”的深刻内涵,并建构中国式现代化道路的独特理论逻辑。

创新驱动政策对数字贸易国际竞争力的影响——以国家自主创新示范区试点为准自然实验

将多时点双重差分法和中介效应分析法相结合,系统研究国家自主创新示范区建设如何影响数字贸易国际竞争力。研究发现,国家自主创新示范区试点政策对我国数字贸易国际竞争力具有正向影响;国家自主创新示范区试点政策对数字贸易国际竞争力的促进作用在副省级城市、省会城市、直辖市相对更大;国家自主创新示范区试点政策对东部地区数字贸易国际竞争力的促进作用大于其他地区;科研水平在国家自主创新示范区试点政策对数字贸易国际竞争力的影响中发挥了正向中介作用;数字经济发展水平在国家自主创新示范区建设与数字贸易国际竞争力之间起到正向调节作用。应充分发挥产业结构升级对我国数字贸易国际竞争力的促进作用,大力培养数字贸易领域技能型人才和创新型人才,推动数字技术和实体经济深度融合。

由规模化到精准化:国家中小学智慧教育平台教师研修的差异化需求及优化策略研究

立足常态化的新发展阶段,国家智慧教育平台教师寒暑假研修如何从规模化走向差异化、精准化,“按需施训”尤为关键。研究以基础教育阶段参训教师的9.06万条、149万余字反馈文本为研究对象,综合运用结构主题模型(STM)及重要性-绩效分析法(IPA),构建了国家中小学智慧教育平台教师研修需求框架,并深入分析其差异、明确基于需求要素的优化方向。研究发现:参训教师需求包含个体发展和系统环境两个层面的五类需求,且均存在显著的区域及城乡差异,针对时间安排及学时认定等研修机制需求仍须优化改进。研究为教师寒暑假研修精准化、差异化发展提供实证依据与决策支持,为优化研修服务提供策略建议。

产业融合、产业结构升级与经济高质量发展的耦合协调机制研究

基于产业融合、产业结构升级与经济高质量发展的耦合协调机制,构建产业融合-产业结构升级-经济高质量发展的评价指标体系,采用熵权TOPSIS法对2006-2019年我国省际产业融合、产业结构升级和经济高质量发展水平进行评价,利用耦合协调度模型测度三个子系统的耦合协调水平,并结合面板Tobit模型探讨影响其耦合协调发展的主要因素。研究结果表明:三个子系统水平在研究期内呈稳定上升趋势且存在明显的区域差异性,但经济高质量发展水平相对滞后;我国产业融合-产业结构升级-经济高质量发展系统具有高度耦合和中低度协调的特点,协调层次与耦合度并未达到良性共振,且系统的耦合协调度存在显著的空间异质性;经济发展水平、政府能力、科技投入、产业结构、固定资产投资及人口集聚均是影响系统耦合协调度的重要因素,但区域层面的影响因素存在一定差异。因此,针对各地区实际情况提出差异化的政策建议,以协同好产业融合、产业结构升级和经济高质量发展的步伐。

国家自主创新示范区设立与服务贸易高质量发展

自主创新是实现企业高质量发展、提升国际竞争力的必由之路。基于1997—2021年中国省级数据,使用合成控制法和双重差分法实证分析了国家自主创新示范区设立对服务贸易高质量发展的影响及其机制。研究发现,国家自主创新示范区设立能显著促进服务贸易高质量发展,且通过技术创新和产业结构升级促进了服务贸易高质量发展。异质性分析发现,相较于中西部地区,国家自主创新示范区设立对服务贸易高质量发展的促进作用在东部地区更大。因此,中国应继续鼓励国家自主创新示范区扩围发展,加快科技成果转化,中西部地区要大力发展科技服务业,以促进服务贸易高质量发展。

世界一流大学法人内部治理结构研究

大学内部治理结构体现治理过程中的权力结构组成和参与决策主体的特征,决定着大学治理能力的现代化水平。学习和借鉴世界一流大学内部治理经验范式,有助于推动世界一流大学建设进程,服务教育强国建设战略目标顺利实现。基于学界关于大学内部治理结构类型和价值维度划分,以美国加利福尼亚州立大学、日本东京大学、新加坡国立大学三所采用法人化治理模式的世界一流大学为研究对象,对其内部治理结构进行分析发现,大学法人内部治理结构在自律性、民主性、责权性方面存在各自特征和差异,其中,加利福尼亚州立大学在自律性、民主性、责权性三方面均表现出较高水平;东京大学强调责权性,在自律性和民主性方面水平相对较低;新加坡国立大学在自律性和责权性方面水平较高,但民主性水平较低。

精表处在公路预防性养护中的应用研究

沥青路面长期暴露在自然条件下,受外界因素的影响,经常出现各种各样的病害,大部分病害都是逐渐形成的。因此,道路的预防性养护工作要得到足够重视,在病害早期阶段就加以控制。预防性养护就是在既有路面上加一个不超过4 cm的薄层,经过研究精表处可以提高沥青路面的防水性能、抗滑性能,对路面的平整度和行车舒适性也会有明显改善。该文以某省道为例,经过路况调查评价,使用精表处对预防性养护路段进行处理,精表处施工前后,渗水系数、摩擦系数、构造深度均有明显改善。精表处施工无需加热,对于资源节约、环境保护方面可以起到积极的作用,同时还具有养护成本低、质保时间长等优点。

我国地方债危机处置的理论与借鉴——基于债务货币化的考察

当前,我国地方债规模过大,经济增速趋缓,多地债务相继逾期,一旦爆发债务危机,或危及国家金融安全。学界对当今中国语境下地方债货币化与恶性通胀关系的研究仍有不足,尚不足以指导解决现实问题。基于此,在经济思想史和经济史视角下,探讨部分经典货币理论和典型事件适用前提和产生背景,探寻我国债务货币化的科学理论支撑,借鉴巴西地方债危机成功处置的经验。研究发现,债务货币化并不必然引发恶性通胀,而正是我国妥善化解地方债务风险的可行选择;“国家资本结构”理论为其提供了中国特色的理论支撑。

国家中心城市交通碳排放效率的空间网络结构及动因研究

为科学把握城市交通碳排放效率的空间网络结构,实现交通运输业可持续发展,基于2011—2020年我国9个国家中心城市交通碳排放数据,构建考虑非期望产出的全局超效率SBM模型(GB-US-Super-SBM模型)并测算交通碳排放效率,利用修改的引力模型建立空间关联网络,在此基础上应用社会网络分析方法厘清交通碳排放效率空间网络结构及其动因。结果表明:1)研究期内,9个国家中心城市交通碳排放效率整体水平不高,城市间存在较大差距。2)国家中心城市交通碳排放效率的空间关联呈现网络结构形态,并逐渐形成了天津、西安、郑州等多个网络中心;空间网络关联性以2017年为节点呈现先增强后减弱的趋势;天津、西安、郑州等城市发挥着“桥梁”和“中介”作用,对空间网络的形成发挥了重要作用。3)经济发展水平差异、城镇化水平差异、节能技术水平差异和空间邻接关系等因素在交通碳排放效率的空间网络结构中发挥显著作用,其中空间邻接关系和经济发展水平差异的影响最显著。