Analysis of Turnaround Time during Casefile and Sample Processing in Forensic Science Laboratory

Turnaround time (TAT), is the total time interval from when a request for forensic laboratory analysis is received until when the results are collected by the client. The performance of the forensic science laboratory (FSL) is affected by extended TAT in the case-file and sample processing steps necessitating critical analysis reported in this paper. The total TAT was obtained as the sum of measured time interval for each work station (six of which were studied). Extended TAT leads not only to customer complaints, but also paves way for customers to seek for services from competitors, leading to lost competitive edge for the FSL. This study was conducted to establish the baseline data on TAT (between 2014 and 2015) to enable implementation of corrective actions. Six casefile processing steps were identified for which starting and completion times were recorded in dates, giving TAT values in days. The TAT data for each step was collected as each case file is processed and analyzed separately using statistical analysis while comparing the data for the two years (Y2014 and Y2015) and?among?three forensic science laboratory disciplines (biology/DNA, chemistry and toxicology). The overall turnaround time (TTAT) was?the?highest for forensic biology/DNA compared to forensic toxicology and chemistry. The analysis time (TAT2) was the longest of all six case-file processing steps. Using Pareto analysis, the three major steps necessitating root-cause analysis and intervention to minimize TAT were analysis turnaround time (TAT2), report collection time (TAT6) and report review time (TAT4). It was concluded that the causes for extended TAT are within control by the FSL management, although financial and human resources are required.

基于Web of Science的国际夜间经济研究热点与脉络

基于1990—2019年Web of Science核心合集收录的292篇夜间经济文献,借助CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析。结果发现:①国际夜间经济研究的文献数量呈波动上升趋势,学科交叉研究特征显著。②发文学者集中于欧美澳地区,已形成多个紧密的合作网络。③研究历程可分为萌芽探索、逐步推进和快速发展三大阶段。④领域研究聚焦于夜间犯罪与暴力、夜间治安与管理、群体特征与行为、夜间旅游与休闲等。

Study on the Humanity of Ordinary Music Education in China in Modern Times

The modern time of China is the most brilliant of the whole Chinese history,during which China was reduced from the feudal society to the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society and then a new China with the socialist system was founded after indomitable struggle.In such a context,the whole society experienced unsmooth development;while the music theories and music education soared with the invasion of capitalism.On the one hand,foreigners invaded China;on the other hand,they brought advanced music culture,promoting the music culture of China,which had stagnated for about two thousand years.This paper attempts to study the development path of music education in modern China from the perspective of development process.

A retrospective view on the history of natural sciences in XX-XXI

The presented paper is dedicated to a new ret-rospective view on the history of natural sci-ences in XX-XXI cc, partially including the sci-ence philosophy (mainly, the problems of the scientific realism, i.e. the correspondence of science to reality) and also a novel scheme for different classes of sciences with different ob-jects and paradigms. There are analyzed the chosen “great” and “grand” problems of phys-ics (including the comprehension of quantum mechanics, with a recently elaborated new chapter, connected with time as a quantum obs- ervable and time analysis of quantum processes) and also of natural sciences as a whole. The particular attention is paid to the interpretation questions and slightly to the aspects, inevitably connected with the world- views of the res- earchers (which do often constitute a part of the interpretation questions).

Predicting the Number of Beijing Science and Technology Personnel Based on GM(1,N) Model

In this paper, based on the Science and Technology Statistics in Beijing Statistical Yearbook, grey theory is used to study the relationship among S&T (Science and Technology) activities personnel, R&D (research and development) personnel FTE (Full Time Equivalent), intramural expenditure for R&D and Patent Application Amount. According to the grey correlation coefficient, screening of grey GM(1,N) prediction variables, the grey prediction model is established. Meanwhile, time series model and GM(1,1) model are established for patent applications and R&D personnel equivalent FTE. By comparing the simulating results with the real data, the absolute relative error of prediction models is less than 10%. The results of the prediction model are tested. In order to improve the prediction accuracy, the mean values of the predicted values of the two models are brought into the GM(1,N) model to predict the number of scientific and technical personnel in Beijing during 2015-2025. Forecast results show that the number of science and technology personnel in Beijing will grow with exponential growth trend in the next ten years, which has a certain reference value for predicting the science and technology activities and formulating the policy in Beijing.

Time is Not Money!——It Is a Providence of Opportunities

The essay discusses the interrelations between Time and Money and the right ways for managing them.Additionally it discusses other aspects of life and time,such as:definition of time,smart use of time,use of time as distincting between men and animals,time,age and responsibility,time and the“meaning of life”,quality and quantity of lifetime,social aspects of time and science,technology and time.The author clearly expresses his opinion,that Time is a neutral abstract entity,exists in free democratic regimes and in less-liberatated autocracies.It is the explicit responsibility of every man and woman,anywhere,and everywhere,to prepare and train themselves for a smart use of the time awarded to them.On the other hand,Time is available for everyone and everything.The busy diligent hard-working person always seeks more challenging missions,while the less-energetic idle person,is always busy and tire of doing nothing.The author also claims that Time is an opportunity.It is available and inviting every active person,a thinker,a doer,and an entrepreneur to use and have it to achieve their goals.The author advises:Do not complain I have no time-dare to make the first step and“the other will come,tumbling after”.Active individuals have time for every challenging initiative;passive ones have no time for anything.

新质生产力:指标构建与时空演进

新质生产力作为一个全新的概念,为中国的经济和社会发展指明了新的方向,对其内涵与意义的深度发掘至关重要。文章基于生产力的三大构成要件,在挖掘新质生产力长远要求原则下构建其综合评价指标体系,并运用熵值法对中国省域新质生产力发展水平进行测度。研究发现:(1)新质生产力从总体上呈增长趋势,但在南北、四大区域和五大经济带存在显著时空差异;(2)新质生产力在省域之间呈现梯度提升和发展不均衡特点;(3)分维度发现,生产资料对新质生产力提升的贡献度最高,劳动者维度的贡献最低且存在空间极化现象;(4)新质生产力具有显著的集聚效应,主要表现为低-低集聚和高-高集聚,并具有时空收敛性特征。进而提出优化人力资本结构、发挥新质生产力集聚效应和健全区域协调发展机制等政策建议。本文或可加深对中国新质生产力的时空发展格局的认知,为新质生产力培育进而促进经济高质量发展提供新思路。

全日制专业学位硕士研究生工程实践能力培养模式探索——以区域研究院人才培养为例

工程实践能力是全日制专业学位硕士研究生培养的重要组成部分。针对工程伦理教育重视不够、工程实践培养能力不强、工程实践锻炼平台不足等问题,北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院在全日制专业学位硕士研究生培养过程中,通过建设“1+N”专业学位硕士研究生实践基地群,构建以工程伦理教育为引领、多方协同育人和强化工程实践育人能力等培养模式,在培养创新实践能力强和工程伦理素养优的高层次人才方面取得系列成就,并获得社会高度认可,为专业学位硕士研究生的工程实践和应用能力培养提供可供参考与借鉴的模式。

作业场所安全标志、风险感知与安全注意力关系

为探索安全标志、风险感知与安全注意力的深层次作用关系,基于决策双系统理论,在访谈调研基础上,建立三者关系的假设模型。通过分析两个时间点收集的487份中国制造业企业员工数据,使用层次回归分析和Bootstrap检验中介与调节效应以验证假设模型。结果显示:安全标志正向影响员工安全注意力,风险感知在上述关系中起中介作用,安全培训正向调节安全标志与风险感知的正向关系以及风险感知在安全标志与安全注意力之间的中介作用,时间压力负向调节风险感知与员工安全注意力的关系以及风险感知在安全标志与安全注意力之间的中介作用。

数字时代的国际秩序前景与中国方案

当前,国际形势发生新变化,和平与发展的时代主题遭遇挑战。中美两国总体上维持战略相持的基本态势,双方在科技领域的竞争将重塑世界格局。网络空间作为现实世界的投影,映射出当今国际安全局势的复杂性。中国要妥善应对当今时代背景下安全因素数量与复杂程度的急剧上升,平稳渡过中美战略相持期。要牢牢把握新一轮科技革命和产业变革趋势,加强战略谋划,主动塑造内外安全环境,坚决维护中国的安全和发展利益,坚持维护世界的和平、安全和稳定,促进共同发展。

科教融汇背景下高职院校科技创新的时代价值、内涵定位与实践路径

通过分析科教融汇背景下高职院校科技创新的时代价值,明晰高职院校科技创新应以服务地方经济发展为己任,校企协同促进高素质技术技能人才培养的时代内涵;明确高职院校科技创新定位应准确把握应用性、产业性和职业性三个维度;最后,从完善机制链——夯实高职院校开展科技创新的基础,打通人才链——构建高职院校开展科技创新工作的智力基石,架构平台链——提供高职院校科技创新工作的永续动力等三个方面提出高职院校科技创新的实践路径。

科学与技术知识融合中的新近性与时域性作用研究

探究专利吸收科学与技术知识的时间属性特征及其对专利创新结果的影响,有助于提升对知识吸收中时间效应的理解。利用专利的引文时滞,采用新近性和时域性表征专利吸收知识的新近程度与时间跨度,基于1979—2013年申请的2,563,948项目标专利,6,693,213项引用专利与3,978,556篇引用论文,分析专利吸收科学与技术知识的新近性与时域性分布,并探究时间属性与专利影响力的不确定性之间的关系。结果表明,电子工程领域专利依赖于新近的科学与技术知识,而化学相关领域则依赖于时间跨度更大的科学知识;与企业相比,高等院校与政府机构倾向于利用更新和时间跨度更小的知识。广义负二项回归结果表明,高新近性的科学与技术知识、高时域性的技术知识会显著增加专利影响力的不确定性,而高时域性的科学知识会降低专利影响力的不确定性。

一种新的基于时序增益激励的赋权方法及应用

针对具有激励特征的动态综合评价问题,在分层规则和激励导向的基础上,提出一种具有识别功能的时序增益激励赋权方法。首先根据各被评价对象在各指标上的整体增益速度的趋势和状态,遵照分层规则对评价指标识别并分层;然后将整体增益速度的趋势和状态“积”性集结得到相应的激励量,并根据激励导向以组合赋权的方式确定指标权重。最后,通过中国31个省域的科技发展水平实证分析对方法的应用过程进行了说明。该赋权方法从激励的视角充分考虑了被评价对象在各指标上的发展趋势和发展潜力,据此,被评价对象可判断自身优势和不足,决策者也可统筹把握被评价对象整体发展情况,实现精准引导、统筹兼顾和公平激励。

设计随机性方法论的探索

探索设计学科领域,开拓新的设计思维与理念、设计方法、设计内容与实践。运用了举例论证法、归纳演绎法的方法对设计随机性的概念进行全方位的定义与解析。设计随机性存在于设计的各个领域,对于人们有启示、指导的作用。在设计学科中增添了一条新的设计概念,是新的设计方法论,是设计学科重要课题。

银纳米线SERS快速高灵敏检测水中痕量Hg2+研究

水中痕量重金属汞离子(Hg^(2+))对人类健康会构成严重威胁,因此快速高灵敏检测水中痕量Hg^(2+)具有重要科学意义和实际应用价值。为实现这一目标,研究运用银纳米线(silver nanowires, AgNWs)作为表面增强拉曼散射(Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering, SERS)基底来快速高灵敏检测水中痕量Hg^(2+)。用旋涂法制备了均匀分布的AgNWs基SERS基底,并用罗丹明6G(Rhodamine 6G,R6G)作为拉曼信标分子,以间接检测水中痕量Hg^(2+)。通过研究SERS活性、稳定性、重现性、选择性、AgNWs直径及pH值对其SERS活性的影响,用时域有限差分法(Finite Difference Time Domain, FDTD)模拟了AgNWs表面电场分布情况。结果显示,AgNWs基SERS基底具有良好的活性、优异的信号再现性、稳定性和选择性,SERS活性随着直径的增大而增强,对Hg^(2+)的检测限(Detection Of Limit, LOD)达10-11mol/L,远低于美国环境保护署(The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA)的饮用水Hg^(2+)浓度标准(10-8mol/L)。在低浓度范围内,SERS特征峰强度(R^(2)=0.9919)有良好的线性关系。FDTD模拟结果为试验结果提供了有力的理论支撑,可为水中检测痕量Hg^(2+)提供新策略,在环境监测中具有广阔的应用前景。

基于SWOT—灰色预测的ESI学科潜力与入围模型研究

文章以东莞理工学院为例,运用基本科学指标数据库和InCites数据库的数据,采用学科准入率法和SWOT分析法识别出优势学科和机会学科,分别为工程学、材料科学、化学、环境生态学、计算机科学和农业科学。利用灰色预测模型对这些学科的被引频次和ESI阈值进行拟合和预测,得到了这些学科入围ESI全球前1%的时间节点。通过对比实际入围时间和预测时间,验证了该模型的可靠性和有效性。文章为高校学科建设和发展提供了一种新的方法和思路,也为高校制定或调整学科发展规划提供了有价值的参考依据。

Validity of extracting photoionization time delay from the first moment of streaking spectrogram

Photoionization time delays have been studied in many streaking experiments in which an attosecond pulse is used to ionize the atomic or solid state target in the presence of a dressing infrared laser field. Among the methods of extracting the time delay from the streaking spectrogram, the simplest one is to calculate the first moment of the spectrogram and to measure its offset relative to the vector potential of the infrared field. The first moment method has been used in many theoretical simulations and analysis of experimental data, but the meaning of this offset needs to be investigated. We simulate the spectrograms and compare the extracted time delay from the first moment with the input Wigner delay. In this study, we show that the first moment method is valid only when the group delay dispersions corresponding to both the spectral phase of the attosecond pulse and the phase of the single-photon transition dipole matrix element of the target are small. Under such circumstance, the electron wave packet behaves like a classical particle and the extracted time delay can be related to a group delay in the photoionization process. To avoid ambiguity and confusion, we also suggest that the photoionization time delay be replaced by photoionization group delay and the Wigner time delay be replaced by Wigner group delay.

Sedimentological/Palaeogeographic Data as Fundamental Building Blocks of the DDE Project:Critical Underpinning of Reconstructing Deep-time Earth Systems

1 Introduction Sedimentary rocks archive important information for understanding how the earth system operates and how life and environments have evolved through earth history.Properly identifying characteristics of sedimentary rocks,along with the subsequent interpretation of depositional processes and sedimentary environments in a basin or locality.

Timelessness and Time Dependence of Human Consciousness From a Scientific Western Viewpoint

Eastern philosophy and western science have convergent and divergent viewpoints for their explanation of consciousness. Convergence is found for the practice of meditation allowing besides a time dependent consciousness, the experience of a timeless consciousness and its beneficial effect on psychological wellbeing and medical improvements, which are confirmed by multiple scientific publications. Theories of quantum mechanics with non-locality and timelessness also show astonishing correlation to eastern philosophy, such as the theory of Penrose-Hameroff （ORC-OR）, which explains consciousness by reduction of quantum superposition in the brain. Divergence appears in the interpretation of the subjective experience of timeless consciousness. In eastern philosophy, meditation at a higher level of awareness allows the personal experience of timeless and non-dual consciousness, considered as an empirical proof for the existence of pure consciousness or spirituality existing before the material world and creating it by design. Western science acknowledges the subjective, non-dual experience, and its multiple beneficial effects, however, the interpretation of spirituality designing the material universe is in disagreement with the Darwinian Theory of mutation and selection. A design should create an ideal universe without the injustice of 3% congenital birth defects and later genetic health problems. The western viewpoint of selection is more adapted to explain congenital errors. The gap between subjectivity and objectivity, the mind-body problem, is in eastern philosophy reduced to the dominance of subjectivity over objectivity, whereas western science attributes equal values to both. Nevertheless, there remains an astonishing complementarity between eastern and western practices.

Historical Responsibility and Great Trust of the Times——Review and Outlook of 60 Years of Integrative Medicine Clinical Sciences

The founding of China Institute of Chinese Medicine, known now as the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, was proclaimed in December 1955 in Beijing. Premier ZHOU En-lai commemorated the occasion with his inscription extolling ＂to carry forward the heritage of Chinese medicine＂. Just before and after its establishment, the Academy recruited numbers of famous Chinese and Western medicine specialists all over the country to participate in this endeavour.