A new organization and management mechanism with the local government as the main body was created during the post-disaster reconstruction of the "4. 20 " Lushan earthquake,in which the experiences and lesso...A new organization and management mechanism with the local government as the main body was created during the post-disaster reconstruction of the "4. 20 " Lushan earthquake,in which the experiences and lessons were drawn from the "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake. Correspondingly, the local government conducted an exploration of the organization and management mode in the field of planning and construction. The effective experiences have been accumulated, including working out a full coverage planning,taking the leading part in the urban-rural planning,and exercising whole space control over the disaster area. An innovation management mode named as "Five Generals Pattern"was implemented in the construction projects. In view that the rural housing reconstruction was a weak link, a new approach to improving the construction management was investigated,by means of strengthening on-site supervision,establishing a technical platform,and bolstering public participation.展开更多
Aba Prefecture Company Name:Sichuan Xintong New Materials Co.Ltd. Address:Shuimo,Wenchuan Nature of Business:Private Project Name:Processing and Sale of Tourism Products Details:Producing and processing of Natural cry...Aba Prefecture Company Name:Sichuan Xintong New Materials Co.Ltd. Address:Shuimo,Wenchuan Nature of Business:Private Project Name:Processing and Sale of Tourism Products Details:Producing and processing of Natural crystal products,man-made gem and other展开更多
After the Morakot disaster in 2009, the affected indigenous tribes suffered from the government’s use of permanent housing as a single reconstruction option, which forced the victims to leave their original land for ...After the Morakot disaster in 2009, the affected indigenous tribes suffered from the government’s use of permanent housing as a single reconstruction option, which forced the victims to leave their original land for a new life in a different reconstruction mode. The purpose of this study is to explore the ways adopted by tribal residents to maintain their own culture and tribal life in the process of disaster, post disaster reconstruction and post disaster adjustment. Veoveoana Village in Taiwan is an indigenous tribe that relocated after a disaster and was reconstructed and developed through tourism development. This study performed the research by participant observation and in-depth interviews on Veoveoana Village. The analytical results showed that: 1) development of the tourism industry can result in cultural reconstruction of the post-disaster tribe and maintain the people’s incomes;2) although the government constantly assists with the rehabilitation of tribal industry by various policies, the implementation cannot effectively continue and the outcome is insignificant;3) due to the gap between permanent prefabricated housing and original tribal cultural features, the residential rate is not high. According to the research findings, it is suggested that, in the process of post-disaster reconstruction, the government and private non-profit organizations should respect the intention of the majority of the indigenous people. In addition, it should cultivate professional manpower for the subsidized projects.展开更多
Since the 1990s, indigenous people in Taiwan have engaged in tribal councils for the purpose of integrating the tribal authority and the modern administrative system. The establishment of tribal councils provides a co...Since the 1990s, indigenous people in Taiwan have engaged in tribal councils for the purpose of integrating the tribal authority and the modern administrative system. The establishment of tribal councils provides a communicative forum for tribal leaders, village, and the association of community development to make decisions of common tribal affairs. When disasters happen, the internal tribal response strategies and external assistance mechanisms might cooperate through either traditional or modern administrative systems. The research focused on how these organizations, while in interim housing, influenced the reconstruction and rehabilitation after disasters. The research＇s findings suggested that tribal councils, a pre-existing mechanism, seemed to be an appropriate forum for negotiation and decision-making for tribal affairs.展开更多
Yushu earthquake once again shocked China and the world! All Chinese people are soaked in great sorrow for the massive losses and damage of lives and properties brought about by the sudden disaster, but at the same ti...Yushu earthquake once again shocked China and the world! All Chinese people are soaked in great sorrow for the massive losses and damage of lives and properties brought about by the sudden disaster, but at the same time people feel relieved for the rapid rescue efforts conducted by the Chinese government. A total of 32 billion Yuan （4.68 billion U.S. dollars） will be spent on the reconstruction of areas hit by a magnitude-7.1 earthquake in April.展开更多
In the Occupied Palestinian Territories, the Gaza Strip has suffered regular cycles of reconstruction due to systematic destruction during Israeli military operations, as in 2006, 2008–2009, 2012, and 2014. In this c...In the Occupied Palestinian Territories, the Gaza Strip has suffered regular cycles of reconstruction due to systematic destruction during Israeli military operations, as in 2006, 2008–2009, 2012, and 2014. In this context of ongoing conflict this article aims to identify, rank, and discuss the most important factors influencing post-disaster reconstruction project management(PDRPM) for housing in the Gaza Strip. A set of key factors that influence PDRPM were assembled as a result of a global literature review. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and the obtained data were analyzed using a relative importance index for each PDRPM factor. Findings are presented in six groups: housing approaches, organizational behavior, project funding, supply chain and logistics, communication and coordination, and PDRPM context. Findings indicate that the most significant factors that influence PDRPM for housing provision in the Gaza Strip are related to issues associated with financial resources. It is critical that sufficient funding should be available in order to allow organizations to undertake housing projects in an effective and efficient way. Joint efforts are required from international donors and local organizations in order to effectively manage financial resources with the ultimate goal of improving PDRPM for housing provision.展开更多
The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami triggered significant destruction to housing and related infrastructures across various coastal districts of south India.Research shows that tsunami reconstruction projects in Kerala expe...The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami triggered significant destruction to housing and related infrastructures across various coastal districts of south India.Research shows that tsunami reconstruction projects in Kerala experienced different degrees of success and failure.On this background,this study explored factors that contributed to the successful implementation of tsunami housing projects in Kerala by(1)consolidating various critical success factors(CSFs)for post-disaster reconstruction(PDR)projects under‘‘project management success traits’’through content analysis of existing literature;(2)deriving a conceptual model that envisages project success in PDR contexts;and(3)assessing the impacts of those success traits on tsunami housing projects using confirmatory factor analysis.Necessary data were gathered through a survey of various stakeholders involved in tsunami reconstruction projects in Kerala using structured questionnaires.The research revealed that PDR project success is attributed to critical dimensions of project management such as institutional mechanisms,reconstruction strategies,project implementation,and stakeholder management.A conceptual model with the interplay of project success,success traits,as well as their CSFs identified the project management actions that must be monitored during reconstruction.Since the project management approach is widely recognized for PDR projects,these success traits hold huge potential for effective organization and management of housing reconstruction projects.The study also helped to identify project management traits that need improvements for the successful implementation of post-disaster housing projects in Kerala.Thus the research findings can serve as a foundational study for formulating project management strategies appropriate to PDR projects in Kerala.展开更多
During the period of reconstruction after Yushu Earthquake, a large number of sea-level or lowland workers ascended there and worked at altitudes between 3 750 m and 4 878 m which is a hypoxic environment. To investig...During the period of reconstruction after Yushu Earthquake, a large number of sea-level or lowland workers ascended there and worked at altitudes between 3 750 m and 4 878 m which is a hypoxic environment. To investigate the sleep quality at that altitude, we performed two full polysomnographies （PSGs） in 10 volunteers, who were healthy male workers, aged 31 ：i：6.6, born and living at sea level, without experience of pre-altitude expo- sure. The assessment of subjective sleep quality was performed twice in each volunteer. The first investigations were carried out at sea level in Jinan city （pB=760 torr, 1 torr=133.322 4 Pa）. The second studies were performed at an altitude of 3 750 m （pB=416 tort） in Yushu Jiegu in the same 10 workers after they lived and worked at that alti- tude for 5 months. At sea level, workers presented a normal sleep structure and a higher oxygenation during sleep. However, as compared to sea-level sleep, at 3 750 m, workers had a shorter total sleep time （TST） （p 〈 0.001）, a longer stage 1 non-rapid eye movement （nREM） sleep （p 〈 0.05） and a shorter 3＋4 nREM and rapid eye movement （REM） sleep （p 〈 0.05） with a severe sleep hypoxemia （p 〈 0.01）. Our data suggested that sea-level workers revealed a disturbed sleep and a bad sleep quality with a significant sleep hypoxemia at altitude of 3 750 m. Strengthening the prevention and treatment are thereby sorely necessary.展开更多
The aim was to measure the incidence of high altitude headache （HAH） and to determine clinical features, as well as the relation between acute mountain sickness （AMS） and HAH through a prospective study. We conduc...The aim was to measure the incidence of high altitude headache （HAH） and to determine clinical features, as well as the relation between acute mountain sickness （AMS） and HAH through a prospective study. We conducted a questionnaire-based study among construction workers in Yushu after a serious earthquake ; they were under reconstruction using a structured questionnaire incorporating International Headache Society （IHS） and AMS Lake Louise Scoring System. A total of 608 workers were enrolled after their first ascent to altitudes of 3 750-4 528 m. The results showed that 96 % reported at least 1 HAil（median 3.8, range from 1 to 10） in workers at a mean altitude of 4 250 m. The magnitude of headache was divided as mild（38 %）, moderate （44 % ） and severe （18 %）. This study indicates that HAH is the most common symptom of acute altitude exposure and closely corre- lated with altitude （r=0.165, p〈0.001）. However, 52 % of headache was one of the main symptoms of AMS, while the other 48 % was the sole symptom of HAH. On the contrary we found that 2 % of AMS without headache, thus the ＂painless AMS＂ actually existed. The clinical features of HAH are presented, and the relationship between AMS and HAH is discussed.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Science and Technology Support Project Funds of Sichuan Province ( Item No. 2013FZ0009 )Educational Reform Project Funds of Sichuan AgriculturalUniversity ( Item No. 2015064 )the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( Item No. 51278421)
文摘A new organization and management mechanism with the local government as the main body was created during the post-disaster reconstruction of the "4. 20 " Lushan earthquake,in which the experiences and lessons were drawn from the "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake. Correspondingly, the local government conducted an exploration of the organization and management mode in the field of planning and construction. The effective experiences have been accumulated, including working out a full coverage planning,taking the leading part in the urban-rural planning,and exercising whole space control over the disaster area. An innovation management mode named as "Five Generals Pattern"was implemented in the construction projects. In view that the rural housing reconstruction was a weak link, a new approach to improving the construction management was investigated,by means of strengthening on-site supervision,establishing a technical platform,and bolstering public participation.
文摘Aba Prefecture Company Name:Sichuan Xintong New Materials Co.Ltd. Address:Shuimo,Wenchuan Nature of Business:Private Project Name:Processing and Sale of Tourism Products Details:Producing and processing of Natural crystal products,man-made gem and other
文摘After the Morakot disaster in 2009, the affected indigenous tribes suffered from the government’s use of permanent housing as a single reconstruction option, which forced the victims to leave their original land for a new life in a different reconstruction mode. The purpose of this study is to explore the ways adopted by tribal residents to maintain their own culture and tribal life in the process of disaster, post disaster reconstruction and post disaster adjustment. Veoveoana Village in Taiwan is an indigenous tribe that relocated after a disaster and was reconstructed and developed through tourism development. This study performed the research by participant observation and in-depth interviews on Veoveoana Village. The analytical results showed that: 1) development of the tourism industry can result in cultural reconstruction of the post-disaster tribe and maintain the people’s incomes;2) although the government constantly assists with the rehabilitation of tribal industry by various policies, the implementation cannot effectively continue and the outcome is insignificant;3) due to the gap between permanent prefabricated housing and original tribal cultural features, the residential rate is not high. According to the research findings, it is suggested that, in the process of post-disaster reconstruction, the government and private non-profit organizations should respect the intention of the majority of the indigenous people. In addition, it should cultivate professional manpower for the subsidized projects.
文摘Since the 1990s, indigenous people in Taiwan have engaged in tribal councils for the purpose of integrating the tribal authority and the modern administrative system. The establishment of tribal councils provides a communicative forum for tribal leaders, village, and the association of community development to make decisions of common tribal affairs. When disasters happen, the internal tribal response strategies and external assistance mechanisms might cooperate through either traditional or modern administrative systems. The research focused on how these organizations, while in interim housing, influenced the reconstruction and rehabilitation after disasters. The research＇s findings suggested that tribal councils, a pre-existing mechanism, seemed to be an appropriate forum for negotiation and decision-making for tribal affairs.
文摘Yushu earthquake once again shocked China and the world! All Chinese people are soaked in great sorrow for the massive losses and damage of lives and properties brought about by the sudden disaster, but at the same time people feel relieved for the rapid rescue efforts conducted by the Chinese government. A total of 32 billion Yuan （4.68 billion U.S. dollars） will be spent on the reconstruction of areas hit by a magnitude-7.1 earthquake in April.
文摘In the Occupied Palestinian Territories, the Gaza Strip has suffered regular cycles of reconstruction due to systematic destruction during Israeli military operations, as in 2006, 2008–2009, 2012, and 2014. In this context of ongoing conflict this article aims to identify, rank, and discuss the most important factors influencing post-disaster reconstruction project management(PDRPM) for housing in the Gaza Strip. A set of key factors that influence PDRPM were assembled as a result of a global literature review. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and the obtained data were analyzed using a relative importance index for each PDRPM factor. Findings are presented in six groups: housing approaches, organizational behavior, project funding, supply chain and logistics, communication and coordination, and PDRPM context. Findings indicate that the most significant factors that influence PDRPM for housing provision in the Gaza Strip are related to issues associated with financial resources. It is critical that sufficient funding should be available in order to allow organizations to undertake housing projects in an effective and efficient way. Joint efforts are required from international donors and local organizations in order to effectively manage financial resources with the ultimate goal of improving PDRPM for housing provision.
文摘The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami triggered significant destruction to housing and related infrastructures across various coastal districts of south India.Research shows that tsunami reconstruction projects in Kerala experienced different degrees of success and failure.On this background,this study explored factors that contributed to the successful implementation of tsunami housing projects in Kerala by(1)consolidating various critical success factors(CSFs)for post-disaster reconstruction(PDR)projects under‘‘project management success traits’’through content analysis of existing literature;(2)deriving a conceptual model that envisages project success in PDR contexts;and(3)assessing the impacts of those success traits on tsunami housing projects using confirmatory factor analysis.Necessary data were gathered through a survey of various stakeholders involved in tsunami reconstruction projects in Kerala using structured questionnaires.The research revealed that PDR project success is attributed to critical dimensions of project management such as institutional mechanisms,reconstruction strategies,project implementation,and stakeholder management.A conceptual model with the interplay of project success,success traits,as well as their CSFs identified the project management actions that must be monitored during reconstruction.Since the project management approach is widely recognized for PDR projects,these success traits hold huge potential for effective organization and management of housing reconstruction projects.The study also helped to identify project management traits that need improvements for the successful implementation of post-disaster housing projects in Kerala.Thus the research findings can serve as a foundational study for formulating project management strategies appropriate to PDR projects in Kerala.
基金"973"National Key Basic Research and Develvpment Program(No.2012CB518202)Project of Qinghai Development of Science and Technology(No.2011-N-150)
文摘During the period of reconstruction after Yushu Earthquake, a large number of sea-level or lowland workers ascended there and worked at altitudes between 3 750 m and 4 878 m which is a hypoxic environment. To investigate the sleep quality at that altitude, we performed two full polysomnographies （PSGs） in 10 volunteers, who were healthy male workers, aged 31 ：i：6.6, born and living at sea level, without experience of pre-altitude expo- sure. The assessment of subjective sleep quality was performed twice in each volunteer. The first investigations were carried out at sea level in Jinan city （pB=760 torr, 1 torr=133.322 4 Pa）. The second studies were performed at an altitude of 3 750 m （pB=416 tort） in Yushu Jiegu in the same 10 workers after they lived and worked at that alti- tude for 5 months. At sea level, workers presented a normal sleep structure and a higher oxygenation during sleep. However, as compared to sea-level sleep, at 3 750 m, workers had a shorter total sleep time （TST） （p 〈 0.001）, a longer stage 1 non-rapid eye movement （nREM） sleep （p 〈 0.05） and a shorter 3＋4 nREM and rapid eye movement （REM） sleep （p 〈 0.05） with a severe sleep hypoxemia （p 〈 0.01）. Our data suggested that sea-level workers revealed a disturbed sleep and a bad sleep quality with a significant sleep hypoxemia at altitude of 3 750 m. Strengthening the prevention and treatment are thereby sorely necessary.
基金"973"National Key Basic Research and Development Program(No.2012CB518202)Project of Qinghai Development of Science and Technology(No.2011-N-150)
文摘The aim was to measure the incidence of high altitude headache （HAH） and to determine clinical features, as well as the relation between acute mountain sickness （AMS） and HAH through a prospective study. We conducted a questionnaire-based study among construction workers in Yushu after a serious earthquake ; they were under reconstruction using a structured questionnaire incorporating International Headache Society （IHS） and AMS Lake Louise Scoring System. A total of 608 workers were enrolled after their first ascent to altitudes of 3 750-4 528 m. The results showed that 96 % reported at least 1 HAil（median 3.8, range from 1 to 10） in workers at a mean altitude of 4 250 m. The magnitude of headache was divided as mild（38 %）, moderate （44 % ） and severe （18 %）. This study indicates that HAH is the most common symptom of acute altitude exposure and closely corre- lated with altitude （r=0.165, p〈0.001）. However, 52 % of headache was one of the main symptoms of AMS, while the other 48 % was the sole symptom of HAH. On the contrary we found that 2 % of AMS without headache, thus the ＂painless AMS＂ actually existed. The clinical features of HAH are presented, and the relationship between AMS and HAH is discussed.
