Resilience assessment and optimization method of city road network in the post-earthquake emergency period

The post-earthquake emergency period,which is a sensitive time segment just after an event,mainly focuses on saving life and restoring social order.To improve the seismic resilience of city road networks,a resilience evaluation method used in the post-earthquake emergency period is proposed.The road seismic damage index of a city road network can consider the influence of roads,bridges and buildings along the roads,etc.on road capacity after an earthquake.A function index for a city road network is developed,which reflects the connectivity,redundancy,traffic demand and traffic function of the network.An optimization model for improving the road repair order in the post-earthquake emergency period is also developed according to the resilience evaluation,to enable decision support for city emergency management and achieve the best seismic resilience of the city road network.The optimization model is applied to a city road network and the results illustrate the feasibility of the resilience evaluation and optimization method for a city road network in the post-earthquake emergency period.

Reviews on Post-earthquake Reconstruction of Qiang Culture: Three-dimensional Pattern

Through the introduction of disaster situation of Qiang Culture after Wenchuan Earthquake, the paper emphasized that carriers of Qiang Culture had been seriously damaged, the inheritance of Qiang Culture had been affected, and the environment for Qiang Culture was difficult to recover. It highlighted that three-dimensional reconstruction of Qiang Culture should stress the core task and timely and effectively rescue endangered cultural heritages of Qiang Nationality from the perspectives of material and spiritual life. It had explained focuses of three-dimensional pattern construction in detail. In terms of spatial reconstruction, it should reconstruct native culture and history while material culture was constructed, and reconstruct Qiang culture highland by depending on aborigines; in terms of cluster reconstruction, it should give support to large tourism enterprises and perfect tourism chain; in terms of ecological reconstruction, it should enhance construction and demonstration of "ecological protection pilot area of Qiang culture"; in terms of development reconstruction, it should realize coordinated unity between protection and development according to classification protection, characteristic protection and key protection, so as to form the virtuous circle of post-disaster recovery protection and sustainable development.

Restoration and Rebuilding of Forestry Ecological System in Heilongjiang Province

The study on restoration and rebuilding of forestry ecological system was conducted on Xianfeng Forestry Farm (N45° 03′, E129° 45′), in Yilan county, Heilongjiang province. One thousand hectare sample land was established. The research summarized the comprehensive technique measures: to managed virgin forests perfectly, to promote forest reforestation by artificial treatment, to restore the secondary forest with patch pattern; and to restorc and foster felling land on artificial forest by means of natural pattern or close hillside to facilitate afforestation. The results showed that forest ecosystem function and quality were restored and rebuilt during ten years by utilization of these technique measures.

Rebuilding of Traditional Riparian Spaces in Jiangnan:A Case Study of Conceptual Planning of Didang North Park in Shaoxing

Large-scale living spaces characterized with localization,nature,and vitality in Jiangnan area(Jiangnan refers to the southern regions of the Yangtze River) are gradually disappearing because of the extensive urbanization and modernization. In this paper,the suitable design method of riparian space is explored based on morphological features,composition principle,and spatial form of Jiangnan area,as well as the design philosophy of modern buildings. Besides,the conceptual planning of Didang Lake North Park in Shaoxing City is taken as a case study.

Rebuilding motor function of the spinal cord based on functional electrical stimulation

Rebuilding the damaged motor function caused by spinal cord injury is one of the most serious challenges in clinical neuroscience.The function of the neural pathway under the damaged sites can be rebuilt using functional electrical stimulation technology.In this study,the locations of motor function sites in the lumbosacral spinal cord were determined with functional electrical stimulation technology.A three-dimensional map of the lumbosacral spinal cord comprising the relationship between the motor function sites and the corresponding muscle was drawn.Based on the individual experimental parameters and normalized coordinates of the motor function sites,the motor function sites that control a certain muscle were calculated.Phasing pulse sequences were delivered to the determined motor function sites in the spinal cord and hip extension,hip flexion,ankle plantarflexion,and ankle dorsiflexion movements were successfully achieved.The results show that the map of the spinal cord motor function sites was valid.This map can provide guidance for the selection of electrical stimulation sites during the rebuilding of motor function after spinal cord injury.

Evaluation System for Farmers' Satisfaction Degree in the Green Energy Saving Rebuilding of Rural Residence

In view of the present situation of measuring a green residence just by energy saving and environmental protection,we propose that we should build the rural residence more from the farmer's view and set up an evaluation system based on farmers satisfaction.A total of 16 factors affecting the farmers' satisfaction degree of green energy saving rebuilding of rural residence are selected.Questionnaire survey on 110 peasant households is carried out under different situations in Guanzhong region in Shaanxi Province,so as to obtain the importance score of evaluation index.During constructing the evaluation system for farmers' satisfaction degree,Factor Analysis Method is used to classify the related influencing factors.Subjective analysis of Analytic Hierarchy Process and the objective analysis of Factor Analysis Method are combined together to determine the weights of factors at different grades.Then,the final evaluation model is obtained,which provides guidance for the further green energy saving rebuilding of rural residence in China.

Hazard analysis system of urban post-earthquake fire based on GIS

The authors study the structure, functions and data organization for the hazard analysis system of urban post-earthquake fire on the platform of GIS. A general hazard analysis model of the post-earthquake fire is presented. Taking Shanghai central district as background, a system for hazard analysis of the post-earthquake fire and auxiliary decision-against fire is developed.

Failure Mechanisms of Post-Earthquake Bedrock Landslides in Response to Rainfall Infiltration

Among the triggering factors of postearthquake bedrock landslides, rainfall plays an important role. However, with slope variation, the mechanism of its effects on the failure of rock landslides is not dear. Here, from the viewpoint of fracture mechanics, and based on post-earthquake conditions, the mechanisms of crack propagation, water infiltration and development of the sliding surface were investigated. Then, according to the upper boundary theorem, the effects of water infiltrated into fractures on the stability of rock slopes were analyzed quantitatively. Finally, an example is presented to verify the theory. The results show that the propagation and coalescence of cracks and the lubrication of incipient sliding surfaces are the main causes of the failure of post-earthquake rock landslides in response to rainfall.

A-B 7300 CNC Machine Tool Rebuilding

This paper describes A-B 7300 CNC machine tool rebuilding, mainly in PAL and AMP utilization of C-type software. It includes PAL program locating and analyzing, AMP capturing etc. After setting PAL and AMP, the greater part of the electrical rebuilding has been accomplished.

Seismic performance of buildings during 2011 Van earthquakes and rebuilding efforts

The October 23, 2011 M7.2 Tabanli - Van and November 9, 2011 M5.2 Edremit - Van earthquakes caused damage in a widespread area across the Van province in Turkey. The ground motions, the damage caused by these earthquakes and the recent progress related to recovery efforts are presented herein. First, the key properties of the recorded strong ground motions like spectral amplitudes and directionality are evaluated. The observed damage in the affected reinforced concrete and masonry structures are discussed. The set of common structural damage mechanisms （i.e., soft story failure, torsional response due to plan irregularity, short column failure, pull out failure, pounding） observed in the damaged buildings were identified. The relationship between the key structural properties and the extent of damage is investigated. The primary loss drivers across the region were identified to be the poor quality of workmanship and improper use of building materials. The results from the investigation suggest that a large portion of the loss could have been prevented if sufficient attention and care were given to the implementation of the design regulations and in particular to the construction practice. Lastly, the recent progress in the ongoing rebuildin~ activities is presented.

Influencing Factors and Path Choice of Rebuilding Rural Financial Supervision System

The necessity of rebuilding Chinese rural financial supervision system is expounded. Rebuilding rural financial supervision system is conducive to normalizing rural financial order and forming the benign competitive situation; to clarifying the role played by rural financial organization and providing better financial services for "three agriculture";to forming safe rural financial environment to promote the development of rural economy and national economy. The restricting factors of rebuilding Chinese rural financial supervision system are analyzed. The major reasons are that rural financial legislation is relatively backward and the supervision department lacks the necessary legal basis. The administrative supervision is insufficient, which lead to the mal-position, administrative offside and vacancy of rural financial supervision;rural financial organization mechanism is unreasonable and the internal supervision mechanism is relatively bad;supervision organization of rural financial industry is imperfect and the function is imperfect; public's supervision awareness is weak and social supervision mechanism develops slowly. The paths for rebuilding Chinese rural financial supervision system are put forward including accelerating rural financial legislation to provide perfect legal evidence for rural financial supervision system; clarifying the position on governmental functions and fully displaying the leading role of rural financial supervision; establishing specialized rural financial supervision organization to perfect its supervision functions; vigorously cultivating people's supervision awareness to promote the development of social supervision mechanism.

THOUGHTS ON CONSTRUCTING THE DEMONSTRATING AREAS OF THE ECOLOGICAL REBUILDING AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN HEXI REGION

Based on the field investigations, this paper analyzes systematically the achievements and problems of constructing the demonstrating areas of the ecological rebuilding and economic sustainable development in Hexi, Gansu Province, and then the thoughts on constructing the demonstrating areas are brought forward. It is considered that all kinds of ecological demonstrating areas should be merged in order to construct large scale characterized demonstrating areas which go beyond the district. In other words, in Hexi Region, Zhangye District should be constructed as the largest ecoagriculture demonstrating area of high technology; Wuwei District should be constructed as the largest ecological demonstrating area of agricultural comprehensive exploitation; JiuJia District, which is the shortened form of Jiuquan and Jiayuguan, should be constructed as the largest ecotourism demonstrating area; and Jinchang City should be constructed as the largest ecoindustry demonstrating area. At the same time, the constructing pattern should be selected according to the actual circumstances; science and technology should be applied to construct the demonstrating areas and accelerate the industrialization in the big market. Additionally, it is important to smooth the constructing system and implement the flexible and efficacious running mechanism, and it is suggested that the committee should be organized to administer the ecological demonstrating areas in Hexi Region.

Major Issues of Post-earthquake Housing Construction during Resettlement

Natural disasters provide an acute image of how man-made technologies are a cause of conflict when it comes to nature. It is man versus wild in its true means. The nature lets us grow and increase our settlements. We encroach on other animals＇ territories and it is only when the environment＇s patience runs out that it retaliates in forms of natural disasters. These disasters affect numerous lives and kill a lot ofhnmans. This is the main reason why we require more stable structures and preventive measures to battle the wrath of the nature. Rescue and search operations are conducted by many different government and private agencies including NGOs. These operations aim at providing the required relief and supplies after the disaster. Injured people need to be treated. People in dangerous zones need to be evacuated. Help is needed in many forms. Out of the many natural disasters, this paper will focus on the occurrence of earthquakes. Severe earthquakes destroy buildings and structures like roads, bridges etc. and wreak havoc in the community. Earthquakes largely damage all human constructions, including houses. This is the reason why a reconstruction program for dwellings and housings is of utmost importance. A home is only secondary to basic needs such as food and water. A well-planned strategy is important when it comes to launching a post-earthquake reconstruction program. The strategy should be reasonable and should consider the best interests of everyone affected; self-help and imported fabrication should play no part in the decision-making procedures. Creating awareness, physically demonstrating options and delivering are the three steps for the success of reconstruction programs. The extent of affected area and the magnitude of earthquakes are variable in nature and it is on these two aspects that the reconstruction strategy is devised. Technical aspects are focused towards the development of the affected areas and conceptual design of surrounding neighborhoods. It also aims at identifying seminars and programs based on easy financing for a new home. Along with these, review processes are conducted for the analysis of new residential needs based on optimizing the use of available land for planning and development. The paper discusses the construction of housing and resettlements as prioritized activities that must be undertaken post an earthquake. Earthquakes physically only destroy structures and buildings but for the people affected, they destroy lives, jobs, companies, sources of food and the sense of safety and traumatize the ones who come out alive.

A Review on the Post-Earthquake Emergency Conservation Project of Fulong Taoist Temple

The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province caused significant damage to Dujiangyan irrigation system,which is one of the world's cultural heritages.After the earthquake,the Chinese government launched the post-earthquake emergency conservation project for cultural heritages.The Fulong Taoist Temple in Dujiangyan was the first to adopt the conservation project.The earthquake-damaged Fulong Taoist Temple was restored in just 18 months.This article reviews the entire emergency conservation project of Fulong Taoist Temple in Dujiangyan after the earthquake,discusses the restoration principles and technical methods used in this project,and uses the comments of the Asia-Pacific Heritage Protection Award to expound the historical significance of this protection project.

Rebuilding from Ruins

LESS than a month after two deadly explosions ripped through a warehouse in the Binhai New Area of Tianjin, a municipality in north China, on August 12. schools in the area reopened on September 1.

美国冻结和处分俄罗斯主权资产的法律路径与挑战

俄乌冲突已持续两年,美国及其欧洲盟友提供的外国援助是乌克兰获得财政资源的最直接的方式。随着对乌援助在国内外面临的经济压力和政治压力不断增大,美国政府不得不开始寻找新的资金来源。拉拢盟友一起冻结和处分俄罗斯的海外主权资产,将之用于协助乌克兰应对冲突和战后重建,成为美国当前最为中意的方案。美国的决策者正在积极研究论证实施该方案的现有法律和政策路径,试图从法理、国内法、司法判例和国际法中发掘充分的法律依据,甚至酝酿推出转移俄罗斯海外主权资产的强制性法案,意图以所谓的“合法手段”达成目的。美国此举的本质是以法律战打经济战,将冻结和处分外国主权资产的手段合法化、正当化,这不仅会伤害美国的软实力,受到国际社会的广泛质疑,还会对解决俄乌冲突带来不利影响。

全球信任赤字与重建信任的中国方案

信任是国际政治中各国关系保持稳定,促进国际合作,共同应对全球性问题的前提和基础。近年来,国际力量对比发生深刻变化,国际秩序、国际体系日益呈现不稳定性不确定性发展趋势,大国竞争加剧、世界经济增长乏力、全球性问题日益增多,全球信任日益被削弱,信任赤字成为当前国际社会需要共同应对的一个重要问题。信任赤字会破坏全球共识的达成,影响国际制度的运行以及各国的团结协作。作为负责任大国,中国一直致力于为共同应对全球性挑战、增进国际社会团结互信贡献中国智慧和中国方案。未来,中国可以在理念、方案和行动等方面继续发挥作用,推动各国树立对未来发展和前进目标的信心,树立对共同应对全球性挑战的信心,树立对大国关系以及对全球共同发展和共同迈向现代化的信心,推动世界走向和平、安全、繁荣、进步的光明前景。

侦查学学科体系重构

纵览侦查学学科发展历程,可见学界对侦查学基石问题之侦查学学科体系的认识未能达成共识,仍存在学科体系内容差异性较大、学科体系内在逻辑关系模糊、学科体系各子体系范畴不明等问题。为此,应从学科体系框架的厘定、学科体系内在逻辑关系的释明、学科体系内在范畴的探索三方面针对性地对侦查学学科体系进行重构。从侦查学理论基础、基础理论、应用理论、侦查运行四个方面自上而下确立侦查学学科体系元素。探究本体论、认识论、方法论与价值论理论基础下侦查本体论、侦查认识论、侦查方法论、侦查价值论和侦查法治论之侦查学第一梯队基础理论的深意,并在该基础理论范畴内,对侦查死角论、侦查僵局论、侦查错误论、侦查情势论、侦查权论等进行归类,辨明侦查学应用理论的内涵,使学界现有的各种侦查学知识各归其位,彰显学科体系的目的性、有序性、层次性和自组织性。

阴茎“增长”治疗方式及进展(“大家泌尿网”观看手术视频)

阴茎是男性专有的性器官,除了满足性伴侣间性生活的要求外,其达到彼此期望的外观,对于提高、改善性满意度,增强男性自信心也有很大意义,其中,阴茎短小的治疗是“高频热搜”。本文针对阴茎短小的不同病因、“增长”的治疗方式及进展做一综述,旨在提高相关认识,提供解决方案。

老旧酒店建筑改建风险管理研究

酒店作为公共建筑,一旦发生安全事故很有可能造成重大的人员伤亡和财产损失。安全事故种类众多,本文选取坍塌、火灾两个可能造成大规模人员伤亡的事故类型进行分析。本文通过事故树分析法分析事故原因,结合经验和相关材料列出了28个基本事件,通过计算结构重要度系数,将28个基本事件对顶上事件的影响程度分为9类,并结合最小割集、最小径集、结构重要度系数给出了相应的措施及建议。