American foreign policies have observed guiding principles of democracy, yet an overemphasis on political values leads to more conflicts than mutual understandings in today＇s world. Therefore, this paper proposes tha...American foreign policies have observed guiding principles of democracy, yet an overemphasis on political values leads to more conflicts than mutual understandings in today＇s world. Therefore, this paper proposes that exploring diplomatic implications of ＂women＇s work＂ provides new insights into cultural values of the Four Freedomsmmajor pillars supporting modern American liberalism. This paper foregrounds the domestic and diplomatic significance of ＂women＇s work＂ by analyzing women＇s contributions as laborers at home, in the labor force, and in American consumer society. As American women participated in the paid labor force and took up most consumptive activities, women outside America also worked hard to provide food and care for families. This paper argues that a more comprehensive definition of＂women＇s work＂ is not only indispensable for the development of American industry, consumer society, and the expansion of marketplace, but integrates a system of dualisms separating wage labor and housework, or divisions between spheres of men and women. Moreover, investigations into hidden values of women＇s work alleviate worries arising from information revolution and economic globalization. Moreover, placing women＇s work in perspective enables diplomats to see through factors leading to international hostilities, to reduce conflicts arising from information revolution and economic globalization, and to understand America＇s soft power pertinently.展开更多
The Winter of Our Discontent is Steinbeck's last published novel, which received negative and positive criticism at homeand abroad. Persistent concern for ethics and morality as one of themes displayed by Steinbec...The Winter of Our Discontent is Steinbeck's last published novel, which received negative and positive criticism at homeand abroad. Persistent concern for ethics and morality as one of themes displayed by Steinbeck in The Winter of Our Discontent.Living in the 1950 s of America, Ethan's family were confronting a consumer society. By using the theory of literary ethical criti-cism, tracing back to ethical environment at that time, this essay aims to analyze the ethical questions that the Ethan's family facedand their ethical choices respectively.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to explore the consumers＇ attitudes towards shoplifting from a cross-cultural perspective. The research questions are： 1. What may influence offenders to engage in shoplifting？ 2. To which ...The aim of this paper is to explore the consumers＇ attitudes towards shoplifting from a cross-cultural perspective. The research questions are： 1. What may influence offenders to engage in shoplifting？ 2. To which extent consumer attitudes towards shoplifting might reflect cultural issues？ The study adopted a quantitative approach to data collection and was conducted in two stages including different retail contexts. Preliminary analysis of 529 questionnaire responses from UK, US, and Libyan consumers finds that attitudes towards shoplifting are broadly similar despite the different cultural and retail contexts therefore this study reinforces the view that ethical behaviour is culturally bound. However, on closer inspection these findings suggest interesting disparities among the countries in relation to specific attitudes towards the consequences of shoplifting, the impact it has on the social networks of the perpetrator and whether the demographics of the shoplifter play a role in the decision to punish the offender. It also suggests that attitudes towards shoplifting are complex and context specific making it particularly problematic for international retailers to implement universal shoplifting preventative measures.展开更多
文摘American foreign policies have observed guiding principles of democracy, yet an overemphasis on political values leads to more conflicts than mutual understandings in today＇s world. Therefore, this paper proposes that exploring diplomatic implications of ＂women＇s work＂ provides new insights into cultural values of the Four Freedomsmmajor pillars supporting modern American liberalism. This paper foregrounds the domestic and diplomatic significance of ＂women＇s work＂ by analyzing women＇s contributions as laborers at home, in the labor force, and in American consumer society. As American women participated in the paid labor force and took up most consumptive activities, women outside America also worked hard to provide food and care for families. This paper argues that a more comprehensive definition of＂women＇s work＂ is not only indispensable for the development of American industry, consumer society, and the expansion of marketplace, but integrates a system of dualisms separating wage labor and housework, or divisions between spheres of men and women. Moreover, investigations into hidden values of women＇s work alleviate worries arising from information revolution and economic globalization. Moreover, placing women＇s work in perspective enables diplomats to see through factors leading to international hostilities, to reduce conflicts arising from information revolution and economic globalization, and to understand America＇s soft power pertinently.
文摘The Winter of Our Discontent is Steinbeck's last published novel, which received negative and positive criticism at homeand abroad. Persistent concern for ethics and morality as one of themes displayed by Steinbeck in The Winter of Our Discontent.Living in the 1950 s of America, Ethan's family were confronting a consumer society. By using the theory of literary ethical criti-cism, tracing back to ethical environment at that time, this essay aims to analyze the ethical questions that the Ethan's family facedand their ethical choices respectively.
文摘The aim of this paper is to explore the consumers＇ attitudes towards shoplifting from a cross-cultural perspective. The research questions are： 1. What may influence offenders to engage in shoplifting？ 2. To which extent consumer attitudes towards shoplifting might reflect cultural issues？ The study adopted a quantitative approach to data collection and was conducted in two stages including different retail contexts. Preliminary analysis of 529 questionnaire responses from UK, US, and Libyan consumers finds that attitudes towards shoplifting are broadly similar despite the different cultural and retail contexts therefore this study reinforces the view that ethical behaviour is culturally bound. However, on closer inspection these findings suggest interesting disparities among the countries in relation to specific attitudes towards the consequences of shoplifting, the impact it has on the social networks of the perpetrator and whether the demographics of the shoplifter play a role in the decision to punish the offender. It also suggests that attitudes towards shoplifting are complex and context specific making it particularly problematic for international retailers to implement universal shoplifting preventative measures.
