Postcolonialism in Morrison' s Works——exemplified with The Bluest Eye

As the first African American woman winner of the Nobel Prize for literature,Toni Morrison is the most outstanding African-American woman author of the 20th century and the brightest star in contemporary African-American literary arena.Toni Morrison is a voluminous writer and she has published nine novels up to the present.Since 1980,her works have been getting more and more widespread attention from literary critics of the world since 1980s.The topic of postcolonialism has been the one of the focuses of Morrison' s novels.This paper is a literature review of Toni Morrison and postcolonialism in her works including the following points:a brief introduction to Morrison and her works,the research on Morrison,the post colonial theory and postcolonialism in Morrison' s works.

An Analysis of "the Other" and "the Other World" in Doris Lessing's The Grass Is Singing

The term "Other" is a key concept in the framework of postcolonialism.This paper attempts to analyze the native black people's role-"the Other" in the process of colonization.The British writer Doris Lessing finds the unltimate expression in her first novel The Grass Is Singing.With the settlement of the colonizers,the South Africa has been rendered by the white colonizers as "the Other World" and the native people are regarded as "the Other" who are degraded into unspeakable animals by white people.

A Right, Not a Privilege： Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak＇s An Aesthetic Education in the Era of Globalization

Gayatri Spivak proposes that providing all citizens throughout the Middle East and North Africa with an aesthetic education will enhance the quality of life for all people of the region, especially women. She argues that an education in the humanities is vital for improving the environment, the political climate, the economy, and for increasing global justice.

In Quest of＂Answers＂ in the Colonial Sands： A Comparative Study of Waliullah and Camus＇ ＂Absurd＂ Protagonists

Syed Waliullah （1922-1971） and Albert Camus （1913-1960） are two distinct writers from two different continents. These writers have interesting commonness, especially in two of their novels—Chander Amabasya （Night of No Moon）, by Walilullah and The Outsider by Camus. The protagonists in both of these novels, ArifAli and Meursault respectively, suffer from existentialist crisis, mainly fueled by the impacts of the tarnished history of colonialism and the aftermaths. Even though the stories of the these protagonists take place almost halfway round the world in entirely different settings, the impacts and facades of the crisis are strikingly similar. This paper is a comparative study of soul-searching Arif Ali and Meursault.

National Nonsense and V. S. Naipaul＇s Ethical Distance

This paper examines two postcolonial writings by the Nobel Prize winner Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, The Mimic Men （1969） and In a Free State （1984）. In particular, it studies how Naipaul reflects on the historical experiences of national nonsense--the seemingly contradictory existence of transnationality in nationality--and how he manages in his writings to keep an ethical distance from both the colonial empires and the nation-states that came up to replace the colonial empires in the postcolonial world.

Postcolonialism Revisited： Representations of the Subaltern in Fadia Faqir＇s Pillars of Salt

Postcolonial theory is a well-established critical approach that addresses issues such as the quest for identity, the significance of land, homelessness, resistance, and the encounter between the colonized and the colonizers. This paper examines the postcolonial elements utilized by the Anglo-Jordanian novelist Fadia Faqir in her novel Pillars of Salt. It discusses the novel＇s themes and techniques associated with postcolonialism as a literary theory and as a critical approach. Being a postcolonial text, the novel shows the writer＇s attempt at writing back in response to the colonial past with its power structures and social hierarchies. Thematically, the novel is analyzed with special reference to such topics as the subaltern, Anglo-Jordanian ties, language, othemess, and identity. The paper also traces the continuity of postcolonial discourse in Faqir＇s novel and gives a short survey of the historical events that provide the background to the main events in this essentially postcolonial work.

Posture and Strategy: Rethinking the Writing of Cultural Identity in Francophone Caribbean Literature from a Post-colonial Perspective

Since the 1980s,profound changes in the global political landscape have led to numerous diaspora groups in the French-speaking world.Many writers born in former colonies in the French Caribbean chose to immigrate to metropolitan France or Quebec.They formulated the concept of a cosmopolitan cultural identity that differs from the racist view of Négritude put forward by previous generations.This research explores their writing of cosmopolitan cultural identity from a post-colonial perspective by referring to the concept of voyage in proposed by Edward Said and that of post-colonial intelligentsia by Arif Dirlik.By taking Dany Laferrière and some other Caribbean writers of the-1980s generation as examples,we will reveal how their cosmopolitan ideology and identity strategies colluded with the French cultural hegemony and ensured their legitimacy in the Francophone space.

Dreaming Forward: Postidentity and the Generative Thresholds of Tourism

This manuscript from Hollinshead and Vellah calls for researchers in Tourism Studies and related Fields to reflect upon their own role in refreshing the social imaginaries of“after-colonialism”under the nomadisms of our time.Deleuzian in outlook,it positions the“post”of postcolonialism not as an end to colonialism’s imperatives but as a generative-portal through which new-seeds-of-”becoming”are discernable as the postidentities(rather than the“identities”)of populations are interpretable in multidirectional,non-hierarchical,and not easily-predictable ways.In provoking(after Deleuze)thought per rhizomatic processes(rather than via fixed concepts),the manuscript-critiquing these dynamic matters of“postidentity”-then harnesses the insights of(Leela)Ghandi’s on hybrid-nomadic-subjects,and of Venn on alternative-(com)possible-futures.Thereafter,these concerns of and about“after-colonialism”are critically contextualised within Aboriginal“Australia”,via the views of a pool of Indigenous intellectuals there,who synthesise the disruptive dialectics of belonging-cum-aspiration which they maintain that they and fellow Aboriginal people(of many sorts)face today.Throughout this manuscript,the agency and authority of tourism hovers in its sometimes-manifest/sometimes-latent generative power to project empowering postidentities for the world’s“host”or“visited”populations today.

Analysis on the Theme of The White Seal from the Postcolonial Perspective

Joseph Rudyard Kipling is the first English writer who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.The White Seal is ashort story of The Jungle Books,which is a popular book among children in the world.Recently,more and more researchers werestudying this famous writer according to his special life experience,and then,they found that in Kipling’s works,the idea of colo-nialism is obvious.This paper aims to analyze The White Seal from the Postcolonial perspective by the way of close reading.That is,to say that the white seal in the short story is a kind of symbol of west colonists,and the other seals in the short story are the sym-bols of the colonized,the process of the white seal searching the safe place for other seals is a symbol of the west colonists"moraliz-ing"and"helping"those colonized.By so,we can see that in this short story,Kipling is standing on the side of the westerns tospeak in defense of what westerns have done to the country of the third world.

苏吉萨拉迦与当代后殖民圣经批评及诠释话语建构

20世纪90年代中后期,后殖民主义理论开始影响圣经研究领域,形成后殖民主义圣经批评,斯里兰卡裔英国圣经学者R.S.苏吉萨拉迦(R.S.Sugirtharajah)首倡此种批评范式,引起了第三世界及欧美诸多少数族裔学者的关注和参与,促成了后殖民圣经批评这一新的圣经诠释话语领域的兴起和发展,他也因此被称为神学界的“后殖民主义之父”①,因而,梳理苏吉萨拉迦的后殖民圣经批评思想有助于廓清该领域的一些基本理论特征及发展态势.本文将简要回顾其学术贡献并对其在建构第三世界后殖民话语体系方面的努力进行一些解读和批评.

Is colonial heritage negative or not so much?Debating heritage discourses and selective interpretation of Kulangsu,China

Heritage is in essence dissonant,especially colonial heritage in postcolonial nations.Via questionnaire surveys and inter‑views,this study investigates Kulangsu in Xiamen,China,a colonial heritage site mainly developed in the 19th and 20th centuries,to unveil the local government’s authorised heritage discourse(AHD)of the site and how tourists perceive the colonial past of Kulangsu and construct their own heritage discourse(s).Results show that,when considering the colonial history of the site,neither the AHD promoted by the authorities nor the tourists’lay discourses are necessarily negative.However,tension implicitly arises between the tourists’demand for comprehensive heritage information and the authorities’selective interpretation of the site.Although the AHD afects lay discourses to some extent,most tourists expect the authorities to present more complete and neutral information about heritage so they can refect and forge their own conception of colonial legacies.From a critical heritage studies perspective,this tension refects the power imbalance between the authorities and the tourists and reminds the authorities and heritage experts to rethink heritage tourism and conservation in terms of heritage interpretation.This paper,therefore,calls for additional refection on the legitimacy of selective interpretation,which implicates a complex process of intricate reasoning that is underpinned by the power imbalance between the authorities and the tourists,ultimately resulting in an AHD.

Globalization,Race,and Citizenship in Anne Enright's The Green Road

This essay examines the disjunctive temporality of Irish globalization,arguing that past formations of Irish society inhere within,and complicate,the racialization of Irish subjects in the present.It uses Anne Enright's 2015 novel The Green Road to demonstrate the many ways in which racial difference is made to signify in an Ireland whose emergence as a global economic center during the Celtic Tiger has compelled a re-examination of the nationalist historiographic supports on which prior theories of racial difference were proffered,but which are in need of revision in the global moment.