Network attack graphs are originally used to evaluate what the worst security state is when a concerned net-work is under attack. Combined with intrusion evidence such like IDS alerts, attack graphs can be further use...Network attack graphs are originally used to evaluate what the worst security state is when a concerned net-work is under attack. Combined with intrusion evidence such like IDS alerts, attack graphs can be further used to perform security state posterior inference (i.e. inference based on observation experience). In this area, Bayesian network is an ideal mathematic tool, however it can not be directly applied for the following three reasons: 1) in a network attack graph, there may exist directed cycles which are never permitted in a Bayesian network, 2) there may exist temporal partial ordering relations among intrusion evidence that can-not be easily modeled in a Bayesian network, and 3) just one Bayesian network cannot be used to infer both the current and the future security state of a network. In this work, we improve an approximate Bayesian posterior inference algorithm–the likelihood-weighting algorithm to resolve the above obstacles. We give out all the pseudocodes of the algorithm and use several examples to demonstrate its benefit. Based on this, we further propose a network security assessment and enhancement method along with a small network scenario to exemplify its usage.展开更多
在目前经典的变化检测算法中,后验概率空间变化向量分析(CVAPS)方法广泛用于遥感影像的变化检测。然而,基于支持向量机(SVM)的CVAPS法无法有效处理高分一号影像中等分辨率遥感影像中的混合像元问题,且难以有效保证变化检测的精度。因此...在目前经典的变化检测算法中,后验概率空间变化向量分析(CVAPS)方法广泛用于遥感影像的变化检测。然而,基于支持向量机(SVM)的CVAPS法无法有效处理高分一号影像中等分辨率遥感影像中的混合像元问题,且难以有效保证变化检测的精度。因此,本文通过引入空间信息,使用空间模糊C均值聚类(Spatial Fuzzy C Means, SFCM)有效地实现高分一号影像混合像元的分解,并结合简单贝叶斯网络(SBN),提出一种新的后验概率空间变化向量分析法SFCM-SBN-CVAPS。实验结果表明,本文算法的总体精度和Kappa系数均高于基于普通模糊C均值聚类(Fuzzy C Means, FCM)的CVAPS算法,且耗时更短,本文所提出的算法有助于提高遥感影像变化检测的精度和效率。展开更多
目前,大部分遥感变化检测算法无法有效处理受高斯、椒盐和混合噪声污染的图像。为了解决这一问题,文章将能够在噪声污染条件下有效分解混合像元的5种基于邻域空间信息的模糊C均值聚类(FCM_S1,FCM_S2,KFCM_S1,KFCM_S2和FLICM)算法分别与...目前,大部分遥感变化检测算法无法有效处理受高斯、椒盐和混合噪声污染的图像。为了解决这一问题,文章将能够在噪声污染条件下有效分解混合像元的5种基于邻域空间信息的模糊C均值聚类(FCM_S1,FCM_S2,KFCM_S1,KFCM_S2和FLICM)算法分别与简单贝叶斯网络(simple Bayesian network,SBN)相结合,在后验概率空间变化向量分析(change vector analysis in posterior probability space,CVAPS)框架下,实现了5种能够较好地抗高斯、椒盐和混合噪声的遥感变化检测方法。对比实验证明,该文所提出的变化检测算法对高斯、椒盐和混合噪声具有较好的鲁棒性。展开更多
文摘Network attack graphs are originally used to evaluate what the worst security state is when a concerned net-work is under attack. Combined with intrusion evidence such like IDS alerts, attack graphs can be further used to perform security state posterior inference (i.e. inference based on observation experience). In this area, Bayesian network is an ideal mathematic tool, however it can not be directly applied for the following three reasons: 1) in a network attack graph, there may exist directed cycles which are never permitted in a Bayesian network, 2) there may exist temporal partial ordering relations among intrusion evidence that can-not be easily modeled in a Bayesian network, and 3) just one Bayesian network cannot be used to infer both the current and the future security state of a network. In this work, we improve an approximate Bayesian posterior inference algorithm–the likelihood-weighting algorithm to resolve the above obstacles. We give out all the pseudocodes of the algorithm and use several examples to demonstrate its benefit. Based on this, we further propose a network security assessment and enhancement method along with a small network scenario to exemplify its usage.
文摘在目前经典的变化检测算法中,后验概率空间变化向量分析(CVAPS)方法广泛用于遥感影像的变化检测。然而,基于支持向量机(SVM)的CVAPS法无法有效处理高分一号影像中等分辨率遥感影像中的混合像元问题,且难以有效保证变化检测的精度。因此,本文通过引入空间信息,使用空间模糊C均值聚类(Spatial Fuzzy C Means, SFCM)有效地实现高分一号影像混合像元的分解,并结合简单贝叶斯网络(SBN),提出一种新的后验概率空间变化向量分析法SFCM-SBN-CVAPS。实验结果表明,本文算法的总体精度和Kappa系数均高于基于普通模糊C均值聚类(Fuzzy C Means, FCM)的CVAPS算法,且耗时更短,本文所提出的算法有助于提高遥感影像变化检测的精度和效率。
文摘目前,大部分遥感变化检测算法无法有效处理受高斯、椒盐和混合噪声污染的图像。为了解决这一问题,文章将能够在噪声污染条件下有效分解混合像元的5种基于邻域空间信息的模糊C均值聚类(FCM_S1,FCM_S2,KFCM_S1,KFCM_S2和FLICM)算法分别与简单贝叶斯网络(simple Bayesian network,SBN)相结合,在后验概率空间变化向量分析(change vector analysis in posterior probability space,CVAPS)框架下,实现了5种能够较好地抗高斯、椒盐和混合噪声的遥感变化检测方法。对比实验证明,该文所提出的变化检测算法对高斯、椒盐和混合噪声具有较好的鲁棒性。
