BACKGROUND Nutrition recommendations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are to consume rye or integral bread instead of white bread.A positive effect on glucoregulation has been achieved by enriching food ...BACKGROUND Nutrition recommendations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are to consume rye or integral bread instead of white bread.A positive effect on glucoregulation has been achieved by enriching food with various biologically active substances of herbal origin,so we formulated an herbal mixture that can be used as a supplement for a special type of bread(STB)to achieve better effects on postprandial glucose and insulin levels in patients with T2DM.AIM To compare organoleptic characteristics and effects of two types of bread on postprandial glucose and insulin levels in T2DM patients.METHODS This trial included 97 patients with T2DM.A parallel group of 16 healthy subjects was also investigated.All participants were given 50 g of rye bread and the same amount of a STB with an herbal mixture on 2 consecutive days.Postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels were compared at the 30^(th),60^(th),90^(th) and 120th min.A questionnaire was used for subjective estimation of the organoleptic and satiety features of the two types of bread.RESULTS Compared to patients who consumed rye bread,significantly lower postprandial blood glucose and insulin concentrations were found in T2DM patients who consumed STB.No relevant differences were found among the healthy subjects.Subjectively estimated organoleptic and satiety characteristics are better for STB than for rye bread.CONCLUSION STB have better effects than rye bread on postprandial glucoregulation in T2DM patients.Subjectively estimated organoleptic and satiety characteristics are better for STB than for rye bread.Therefore,STB can be recommended for nutrition in T2DM patients.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enough or effectively use of insulin.Compared with individuals without diabetes,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a considera...Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enough or effectively use of insulin.Compared with individuals without diabetes,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a considerably higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,and are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease.Most of this excess risk is it associated with an augmented prevalence of well-known risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidaemia and obesity in these patients.However the improved cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients can not be attributed solely to the higher prevalence of traditional risk factors.Therefore other non-traditional risk factors may be important in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Cardiovascular disease is increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects due to a complex combination of various traditional and non-traditional risk factors that have an important role to play in the beginning and the evolution of atherosclerosis over its long natural history from endothelial function to clinical events.Many of these risk factors could be common history for both di-abetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease,reinforcing the postulate that both disorders come independently from"common soil".The objective of this review is to highlight the weight of traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus and discuss their position in the pathogenesis of the excess cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in these patients.展开更多
目的探讨餐后有氧运动对初治肥胖的2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗和瘦素的影响。方法选取2013年1月至2014年1月初步确诊的2型糖尿病患者100例,采用随机数字表法随机分为研究组和对照组,每组患者各50例。研究组患者餐后进行有氧运动...目的探讨餐后有氧运动对初治肥胖的2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗和瘦素的影响。方法选取2013年1月至2014年1月初步确诊的2型糖尿病患者100例,采用随机数字表法随机分为研究组和对照组,每组患者各50例。研究组患者餐后进行有氧运动,对照组患者服用药物进行治疗。观察比较两组患者的糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗和瘦素等指标的变化情况。结果两组患者经治疗后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb Alc)和胰岛素抵抗指数(IR)均显著低于治疗前(均P<0.05),研究组FPG、2 h PG、Hb Alc和IR等指标改变较对照组更明显(均P<0.05)。两组患者经治疗后TG、TC和瘦素水平均显著低于治疗前(均P<0.05),研究组TG、TC和瘦素水平较对照组改善更明显(均P<0.05)。结论餐后有氧运动可显著改善初治肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的糖脂代谢能力,降低胰岛素抵抗和瘦素水平,降低体质指数,效果较好。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Nutrition recommendations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are to consume rye or integral bread instead of white bread.A positive effect on glucoregulation has been achieved by enriching food with various biologically active substances of herbal origin,so we formulated an herbal mixture that can be used as a supplement for a special type of bread(STB)to achieve better effects on postprandial glucose and insulin levels in patients with T2DM.AIM To compare organoleptic characteristics and effects of two types of bread on postprandial glucose and insulin levels in T2DM patients.METHODS This trial included 97 patients with T2DM.A parallel group of 16 healthy subjects was also investigated.All participants were given 50 g of rye bread and the same amount of a STB with an herbal mixture on 2 consecutive days.Postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels were compared at the 30^(th),60^(th),90^(th) and 120th min.A questionnaire was used for subjective estimation of the organoleptic and satiety features of the two types of bread.RESULTS Compared to patients who consumed rye bread,significantly lower postprandial blood glucose and insulin concentrations were found in T2DM patients who consumed STB.No relevant differences were found among the healthy subjects.Subjectively estimated organoleptic and satiety characteristics are better for STB than for rye bread.CONCLUSION STB have better effects than rye bread on postprandial glucoregulation in T2DM patients.Subjectively estimated organoleptic and satiety characteristics are better for STB than for rye bread.Therefore,STB can be recommended for nutrition in T2DM patients.
文摘Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enough or effectively use of insulin.Compared with individuals without diabetes,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a considerably higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,and are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease.Most of this excess risk is it associated with an augmented prevalence of well-known risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidaemia and obesity in these patients.However the improved cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients can not be attributed solely to the higher prevalence of traditional risk factors.Therefore other non-traditional risk factors may be important in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Cardiovascular disease is increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects due to a complex combination of various traditional and non-traditional risk factors that have an important role to play in the beginning and the evolution of atherosclerosis over its long natural history from endothelial function to clinical events.Many of these risk factors could be common history for both di-abetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease,reinforcing the postulate that both disorders come independently from"common soil".The objective of this review is to highlight the weight of traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus and discuss their position in the pathogenesis of the excess cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in these patients.
文摘目的探讨餐后有氧运动对初治肥胖的2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗和瘦素的影响。方法选取2013年1月至2014年1月初步确诊的2型糖尿病患者100例,采用随机数字表法随机分为研究组和对照组,每组患者各50例。研究组患者餐后进行有氧运动,对照组患者服用药物进行治疗。观察比较两组患者的糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗和瘦素等指标的变化情况。结果两组患者经治疗后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb Alc)和胰岛素抵抗指数(IR)均显著低于治疗前(均P<0.05),研究组FPG、2 h PG、Hb Alc和IR等指标改变较对照组更明显(均P<0.05)。两组患者经治疗后TG、TC和瘦素水平均显著低于治疗前(均P<0.05),研究组TG、TC和瘦素水平较对照组改善更明显(均P<0.05)。结论餐后有氧运动可显著改善初治肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的糖脂代谢能力,降低胰岛素抵抗和瘦素水平,降低体质指数,效果较好。
