The thermal decomposition of potassium titanium hexacyanoferrate(Ⅱ) (KTiFC) loaded with cesium (referred to as Used Exchanger, or UE) was studied at different flow rate of air in a fixed bed calciner. The calcina- ti...The thermal decomposition of potassium titanium hexacyanoferrate(Ⅱ) (KTiFC) loaded with cesium (referred to as Used Exchanger, or UE) was studied at different flow rate of air in a fixed bed calciner. The calcina- tion process consisted of four stages: ambient temperature—180℃ (stage Ⅰ), 180—250℃ (stage Ⅱ), 250—400 ℃ (stage Ⅲ), and constant 400℃ (stage Ⅳ). The most intense reaction occurred in stage Ⅱ. The rate of thermal decomposition was controlled, depending on the O2 flux, by O2 or CN concentration in different stages. Results from differential thermal analysis (DTA) showed that the calcination reaction of the anhydrous UE was exothermic, with an approximate heat output of 4.6kJ·g-1, which was so large to cause the possible agglomeration of calcined residues. The agglomeration could be avoided by enhancing heat transfer and controlling the O2 flux. It was found that there was no cyanides in the calcined residues and no CN-bearing gases such as HCN and (CN)2 in the off-gas. It seemed that the catalytic oxidation furnace behind the fixed bed calciner could be cancelled.展开更多
AIM: To show that aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid(ALTA) sclerotherapy has a high success rate for Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids.METHODS: This study was based on the clinical data of 604 patients with hemorrho...AIM: To show that aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid(ALTA) sclerotherapy has a high success rate for Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids.METHODS: This study was based on the clinical data of 604 patients with hemorrhoids who underwent ALTA sclerotherapy between January 2009 and February 2015. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of this treatment for Grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids. Preoperative and postoperative symptoms, complications and success rate were all assessed retrospectively. Follow-up consisted of a simple questionnaire, physical examination and an anoscopy. Patients were followed-up at one day, one week, two weeks, one month, one year, two years, three years, four years and five years after the ALTA sclerotherapy.RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-nine patients were diagnosed with Grade Ⅱ hemorrhoids and 435 patients were diagnosed with Grade Ⅲ hemorrhoids. The one year, three year and five year cumulative success rates of ALTA sclerotherapy for Grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemo-rrhoids were 95.9% and 93.1%; 89.3% and 83.7%; and 89.3% and 78.2%, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the cumulative success rates after ALTA sclerotherapy between Grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids(P = 0.09). There were forty-seven post-operative complications(low grade fever; anal pain; urinary retention; rectal ulcer; and others). No serious or life-threatening complications occurred and all cases improved through conservative treatment. At univariate analysis there were no predictive factors of failure.CONCLUSION: ALTA sclerotherapy has had a high success rate for Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids during five years of post-operative treatment. However, additional studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of this ALTA sclerotherapy in the management of hemorrhoidal disease.展开更多
The title compound [NdK（btec）（H2O）2]n 1 was synthesized via the hydrothermal reaction of Zn（OAc）E·H2O, Nd（NO3）3 and KOH with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetra-carboxylic acid （H4btec）, and characterized by elemental...The title compound [NdK（btec）（H2O）2]n 1 was synthesized via the hydrothermal reaction of Zn（OAc）E·H2O, Nd（NO3）3 and KOH with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetra-carboxylic acid （H4btec）, and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectra. The crystal of 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 8.9023（3）, b = 7.8954（1）, c = 17.6249（5）A,β= 91.857（1）°, V= 1238.16（6）A^3, Z = 4, C10H6KNdO10, Mr= 469.49, Dc = 2.519 g/cm^3, F（000） = 900 andμ（MoKa） = 4.585 mm^-1. The final R = 0.0404 and wR = 0.0832 for 2197 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I） and R = 0.0431 and wR = 0.0854 for all data. X-ray diffraction reveals that the btec ligand serves as a μ16-bridging ligand to link the Nd（Ⅲ） and K（Ⅰ） atoms into a three-dimensional coordination polymer. Photoluminescent investigation shows that the title compound displays strong emission in the blue region, which may be attributed to an intraligand emission state.展开更多
文摘The thermal decomposition of potassium titanium hexacyanoferrate(Ⅱ) (KTiFC) loaded with cesium (referred to as Used Exchanger, or UE) was studied at different flow rate of air in a fixed bed calciner. The calcina- tion process consisted of four stages: ambient temperature—180℃ (stage Ⅰ), 180—250℃ (stage Ⅱ), 250—400 ℃ (stage Ⅲ), and constant 400℃ (stage Ⅳ). The most intense reaction occurred in stage Ⅱ. The rate of thermal decomposition was controlled, depending on the O2 flux, by O2 or CN concentration in different stages. Results from differential thermal analysis (DTA) showed that the calcination reaction of the anhydrous UE was exothermic, with an approximate heat output of 4.6kJ·g-1, which was so large to cause the possible agglomeration of calcined residues. The agglomeration could be avoided by enhancing heat transfer and controlling the O2 flux. It was found that there was no cyanides in the calcined residues and no CN-bearing gases such as HCN and (CN)2 in the off-gas. It seemed that the catalytic oxidation furnace behind the fixed bed calciner could be cancelled.
文摘AIM: To show that aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid(ALTA) sclerotherapy has a high success rate for Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids.METHODS: This study was based on the clinical data of 604 patients with hemorrhoids who underwent ALTA sclerotherapy between January 2009 and February 2015. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of this treatment for Grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids. Preoperative and postoperative symptoms, complications and success rate were all assessed retrospectively. Follow-up consisted of a simple questionnaire, physical examination and an anoscopy. Patients were followed-up at one day, one week, two weeks, one month, one year, two years, three years, four years and five years after the ALTA sclerotherapy.RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-nine patients were diagnosed with Grade Ⅱ hemorrhoids and 435 patients were diagnosed with Grade Ⅲ hemorrhoids. The one year, three year and five year cumulative success rates of ALTA sclerotherapy for Grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemo-rrhoids were 95.9% and 93.1%; 89.3% and 83.7%; and 89.3% and 78.2%, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the cumulative success rates after ALTA sclerotherapy between Grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids(P = 0.09). There were forty-seven post-operative complications(low grade fever; anal pain; urinary retention; rectal ulcer; and others). No serious or life-threatening complications occurred and all cases improved through conservative treatment. At univariate analysis there were no predictive factors of failure.CONCLUSION: ALTA sclerotherapy has had a high success rate for Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ hemorrhoids during five years of post-operative treatment. However, additional studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of this ALTA sclerotherapy in the management of hemorrhoidal disease.
基金the Youth Talent Foundation of Fujian Province(2006F3010330083)
文摘The title compound [NdK（btec）（H2O）2]n 1 was synthesized via the hydrothermal reaction of Zn（OAc）E·H2O, Nd（NO3）3 and KOH with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetra-carboxylic acid （H4btec）, and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectra. The crystal of 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 8.9023（3）, b = 7.8954（1）, c = 17.6249（5）A,β= 91.857（1）°, V= 1238.16（6）A^3, Z = 4, C10H6KNdO10, Mr= 469.49, Dc = 2.519 g/cm^3, F（000） = 900 andμ（MoKa） = 4.585 mm^-1. The final R = 0.0404 and wR = 0.0832 for 2197 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I） and R = 0.0431 and wR = 0.0854 for all data. X-ray diffraction reveals that the btec ligand serves as a μ16-bridging ligand to link the Nd（Ⅲ） and K（Ⅰ） atoms into a three-dimensional coordination polymer. Photoluminescent investigation shows that the title compound displays strong emission in the blue region, which may be attributed to an intraligand emission state.
