The potato tuber moth(PTM),Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller),is one of the most economically significant insect pests for potato in both field and storage worldwide.To evaluate the infestation,reduction of potato yield ...The potato tuber moth(PTM),Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller),is one of the most economically significant insect pests for potato in both field and storage worldwide.To evaluate the infestation,reduction of potato yield and the control efficacy for PTM,field tests were conducted in two seasons by intercropping of potato as the host plant with maize as a non-host plant of PTM.Three intercropping patterns were tested,which were 2 rows of potatoes with either 2,3,or 4 rows of maize(abbreviated 2 P:2 M,2 P:3 M,and 2 P:4 M),and the monocropped potato as the control,2 rows of potatoes,without maize,(abbreviated 2 P:0 M).Results showed that the population and infestation of PTM in the 2 P:3 M intercropping pattern was significantly lower than those in 2 P:2 M,2 P:4 M and the monocropping pattern of 2 P:0 M,due to the enhancement of natural enemies.Cumulative mines and tunneling in potato leaves in 2 P:3 M intercropping were significantly lower than those in 2 P:2 M and 2 P:4 M patterns.The population of parasitoids and the parasitism rate of PTM in intercropping pattern of 2 P:3 M were significantly higher than that in intercropping pattern of 2 P:2 M,2 P:4 M and monocropping pattern of 2 P:0 M.We conclude that the potato intercropped with maize reduced the adult and larva populations,and reduced the damage from PTM by enhancing the number of parasitoids and the level of parasitism.The greatest population density of parasitoids and parasitism rate were in the intercropping pattern of 2 rows of potatoes with 3 rows of maize.These data indicate that the host/non-host intercropping patterns can be used as a biological control tactic against PTM by enhancing the density of natural enemies in the agro-ecosystems.展开更多
A cryV gene,specifically toxic to Lepidoptera and Coleoptera,was incorporated into binary vectors with different promoters and the presence or absence of the β-glucuronidase(gus) reporter gene.These constructs were i...A cryV gene,specifically toxic to Lepidoptera and Coleoptera,was incorporated into binary vectors with different promoters and the presence or absence of the β-glucuronidase(gus) reporter gene.These constructs were integrated into potato cv.Spunta by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation.Highest expression of cryV gene,determined by mRNA levels and insect mortality,was obtained using the CaMV 35S promoter without the gus gene configuration.Detached leaf and tuber bioassays showed a mortality rate of up to 83% and 100%,respectively,for potato tuber moth(Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) in the transgenic lines.Our results demonstrated that the presence of the gus gene negatively affects the expression level of the cryV gene.Bt expression was also facilitated by using the(ocs)3 mas super promoter,whereas the Bt expression regulated by the patatin promoter(tuber-specific) was too low to have any effect upon the mortality of potato tuber moth.These results represent significant improvement in the level of host plant resistance for the control of potato tuber moth via Bt transgenes.展开更多
Arthropods and pathogens constantly challenge potato Solanum tuberosum L.production.Scenarios of climate variation have increased the possibility of changes in pests’biological and ecological patterns by increasing o...Arthropods and pathogens constantly challenge potato Solanum tuberosum L.production.Scenarios of climate variation have increased the possibility of changes in pests’biological and ecological patterns by increasing or reducing overwintering length,changes in population growth rates,number of generations,crop-pest relationship,and therefore affecting their expansion.Phthorimaea operculella Zeller(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)is one of the main pests affecting potatoes worldwide.Adults oviposit single or multiple eggs in leaves,stems,and tubers,while the larvae in immature stage mine leaves or burrows into tubers turning them unmarketable.Traditional control methods are effective in controlling P.operculella,but many factors determine the success of the control chosen.This review provides key highlights of current information available that could be used as a resource to fight this pest.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0200703 and 2018YFD0200802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (3176059 and 31660537)
文摘The potato tuber moth(PTM),Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller),is one of the most economically significant insect pests for potato in both field and storage worldwide.To evaluate the infestation,reduction of potato yield and the control efficacy for PTM,field tests were conducted in two seasons by intercropping of potato as the host plant with maize as a non-host plant of PTM.Three intercropping patterns were tested,which were 2 rows of potatoes with either 2,3,or 4 rows of maize(abbreviated 2 P:2 M,2 P:3 M,and 2 P:4 M),and the monocropped potato as the control,2 rows of potatoes,without maize,(abbreviated 2 P:0 M).Results showed that the population and infestation of PTM in the 2 P:3 M intercropping pattern was significantly lower than those in 2 P:2 M,2 P:4 M and the monocropping pattern of 2 P:0 M,due to the enhancement of natural enemies.Cumulative mines and tunneling in potato leaves in 2 P:3 M intercropping were significantly lower than those in 2 P:2 M and 2 P:4 M patterns.The population of parasitoids and the parasitism rate of PTM in intercropping pattern of 2 P:3 M were significantly higher than that in intercropping pattern of 2 P:2 M,2 P:4 M and monocropping pattern of 2 P:0 M.We conclude that the potato intercropped with maize reduced the adult and larva populations,and reduced the damage from PTM by enhancing the number of parasitoids and the level of parasitism.The greatest population density of parasitoids and parasitism rate were in the intercropping pattern of 2 rows of potatoes with 3 rows of maize.These data indicate that the host/non-host intercropping patterns can be used as a biological control tactic against PTM by enhancing the density of natural enemies in the agro-ecosystems.
基金Tacking key scientific and technical problems in Heilongjiang(GB04B101)
文摘A cryV gene,specifically toxic to Lepidoptera and Coleoptera,was incorporated into binary vectors with different promoters and the presence or absence of the β-glucuronidase(gus) reporter gene.These constructs were integrated into potato cv.Spunta by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation.Highest expression of cryV gene,determined by mRNA levels and insect mortality,was obtained using the CaMV 35S promoter without the gus gene configuration.Detached leaf and tuber bioassays showed a mortality rate of up to 83% and 100%,respectively,for potato tuber moth(Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) in the transgenic lines.Our results demonstrated that the presence of the gus gene negatively affects the expression level of the cryV gene.Bt expression was also facilitated by using the(ocs)3 mas super promoter,whereas the Bt expression regulated by the patatin promoter(tuber-specific) was too low to have any effect upon the mortality of potato tuber moth.These results represent significant improvement in the level of host plant resistance for the control of potato tuber moth via Bt transgenes.
文摘Arthropods and pathogens constantly challenge potato Solanum tuberosum L.production.Scenarios of climate variation have increased the possibility of changes in pests’biological and ecological patterns by increasing or reducing overwintering length,changes in population growth rates,number of generations,crop-pest relationship,and therefore affecting their expansion.Phthorimaea operculella Zeller(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)is one of the main pests affecting potatoes worldwide.Adults oviposit single or multiple eggs in leaves,stems,and tubers,while the larvae in immature stage mine leaves or burrows into tubers turning them unmarketable.Traditional control methods are effective in controlling P.operculella,but many factors determine the success of the control chosen.This review provides key highlights of current information available that could be used as a resource to fight this pest.
