THE SMOOTHING EFFECT IN SHARP GEVREY SPACE FOR THE SPATIALLY HOMOGENEOUS NON-CUTOFF BOLTZMANN EQUATIONS WITH A HARDPOTENTIAL

In this article, we study the smoothing effect of the Cauchy problem for the spatially homogeneous non-cutoff Boltzmann equation for hard potentials. It has long been suspected that the non-cutoff Boltzmann equation enjoys similar regularity properties as to whose of the fractional heat equation. We prove that any solution with mild regularity will become smooth in Gevrey class at positive time, with a sharp Gevrey index, depending on the angular singularity. Our proof relies on the elementary L^(2) weighted estimates.

3DP工艺中阶梯误差与渗透误差相互作用研究

3DP工艺中影响零件成型精度的原理性误差主要来源于阶梯误差和黏结剂渗透误差,并且在误差测量结果中难以区分.本文基于黏结剂在砂床中的流动状态,建立了黏结剂从喷射到渗透过程的数值仿真模型,分析了在二维平面不同角度三角面片打印时理想模型边界和实际黏结砂粒边界之间的位置误差,研究了阶梯误差和渗透误差之间的相互作用.在此基础上,针对不同角度三角面片打印过程中阶梯误差与黏结剂渗透误差相互作用关系也不相同的问题,提出了基于三角面片法向量方向与成型方向夹角的三角面片偏移误差公式用于表达这两种误差对成型质量的综合影响.结果表明:在向上三角面片中,渗透误差与阶梯误差相互补偿,三角面片偏移误差随着斜面与水平面夹角角度的减小而减小;在向下三角面片中,阶梯误差与渗透误差相互叠加,三角面片偏移误差随着斜面与水平面夹角角度的减小而增大.将三角面片偏移误差的公式计算值与其实际测量值进行对比,公式计算误差最大为0.060 mm,最小为0.002 mm,表明三角面片偏移误差公式用于表达阶梯误差与黏结剂渗透误差综合作用的有效性.

GH4169合金DP工艺中的热变形行为及应变补偿本构模型

针对GH4169合金的Delta工艺(delta process,DP),以δ时效处理后的GH4169(delta processed GH4169,DP-GH4169)合金为研究对象,用Gleeble-3800热/力模拟试验机在温度为954~996℃和应变率为0.005~0.1 s^(-1)下对DP-GH4169合金进行等温恒应变率压缩试验,分析其热变形行为。基于Arrhenius模型和考虑应变对材料参数的影响,建立DP-GH4169合金的应变补偿本构模型。结果表明:DP-GH4169合金热变形中的主要软化机制为动态再结晶和片层状δ相球化;当应变率高于0.01 s^(-1)时,合金发生了不连续屈服行为;当应变大于0.8后,由于加工硬化作用大于软化作用,流动应力和变形激活能随应变增大而增大;建立的应变补偿本构模型具有较好的预测精度,线性相关系数R和平均相对误差分别为0.9915和4.2498%,能用于表征DP-GH4169合金热变形时的流动应力。

基于DP83640的秒脉冲移相器设计与实现

使用DP83640 IEEE 1588精密时间协议(PTP)收发芯片设计实现了一款秒脉冲精密移相器,它能与外部的标准秒脉冲(1 PPS)进行同步并进行精密相位微调,可应用于高精度相位微跃器。秒脉冲移相器采用DP83640芯片进行级联实现秒脉冲精密移相:利用ARM微处理器控制第二级DP83640实现与外部标准秒脉冲的相位粗调,控制第一级DP83640实现相位微调。相位调整时将外部输入的相位偏移量换算为8 ns整周期倍数的相位粗调值,以及不同时间长度档位的相位微调值,分别写入第二级和第一级DP83640共同实现高精度相位微跃。由于硬件电路特性和器件综合噪声的影响,经测试平均相位微跃准确度可以达到0.1 fs。

木塑材料3DP打印机运动控制系统轨迹跟踪研究

针对木塑材料3DP打印机运动控制系统X轴负载较大而导致CoreXY机构在进行开环控制时打印精度较差的问题,研究3DP打印机的模型预测控制(MPC)智能轨迹跟踪算法,提高打印精度和打印速度。基于黏结剂喷射(3DP)成型工艺和CoreXY机构的传动特点设计了木塑材料3DP打印机运动控制系统,提出了一种适用于3DP打印机的MPC轨迹跟踪策略。采用笛卡尔坐标系下近似圆形切片的打印轨迹作为参考轨迹,建立CoreXY机构A、B电机闭环系统的预测模型,运用MPC理论将打印速度和精度的多约束最优控制问题变为带约束的二次函数进行求解,对比参考轨迹与实际打印轨迹之间的误差,进而研究不同打印速度对轨迹跟踪效果的影响。对仿真结果进行分析计算得出,打印速度在80~400 mm/s范围内,3DP打印机的喷胶位点均可实现对参考轨迹的较准确跟踪,A、B电机皮带位移最大横向误差分别为0.0097和0.0060 mm,X、Y轴横向误差的平均绝对误差分别为0.357和0.362 mm。对比PID控制,MPC控制策略的各项衡量指标都更优,且参数更易整定,横向误差更小,提高了3DP打印机喷射路径的准确度和效率。随着打印速度的降低,MPC控制器的横向误差逐渐减小,系统的轨迹跟踪效果更准确和稳定,最终绘制参考轨迹与实际轨迹形状基本重合。

DP1180钢板高温单向拉伸性能研究

通过Gleeble-3800热模拟机在500~900℃范围内对1.8 mm厚度DP1180钢板进行高温拉伸试验,探究了温度对其力学性能的影响,并分析了不同温度下拉伸失效试样的断口形貌和显微组织。研究结果表明:材料的抗拉强度随着温度的上升显著降低,当拉伸试验温度由500℃上升到900℃后,抗拉强度由759 MPa下降至251 MPa;同时延伸率大幅提高,由36.5%提高至71.5%;在此过程中,拉伸试样的断口形貌由包含脆性断裂特征转变为典型的韧性断裂特征。

Quantitative effect of kerogen type on the hydrocarbon generation potential of Paleogene lacustrine source rocks,Liaohe Western Depression,China

Kerogen types exert a decisive effect on the onset and capacity of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.Lacustrine source rocks in the Liaohe Western Depression are characterized by thick deposition,high total organic carbon(TOC)content,various kerogen types,and a wide range of thermal maturity.Consequently,their hydrocarbon generation potential and resource estimation can be misinterpreted.In this study,geochemical tests,numerical analysis,hydrocarbon generation kinetics,and basin modeling were integrated to investigate the differential effects of kerogen types on the hydrocarbon generation potential of lacustrine source rocks.Optimized hydrocarbon generation and expulsion(HGE)models of different kerogen types were established quantitatively upon abundant Rock-Eval/TOC/vitrinite reflectance(R_(o))datasets.Three sets of good-excellent source rocks deposited in the fourth(Es4),third(Es3),and first(Es1)members of Paleogene Shahejie Formation,are predominantly types I-II_(1),II_(1)-II_(2),and II-III,respectively.The activation energy of types I-II_(2)kerogen is concentrated(180-230 kcal/mol),whereas that of type III kerogen is widely distributed(150-280 kcal/mol).The original hydrocarbon generation potentials of types I,II_(1),II_(2),and III kerogens are 790,510,270,and 85 mg/g TOC,respectively.The Ro values of the hydrocarbon generation threshold for type I-III source rocks gradually increase from 0.42%to 0.74%,and Ro values of the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold increase from 0.49%to 0.87%.Types I and II_(1)source rocks are characterized by earlier hydrocarbon generation,more rapid hydrocarbon expulsion,and narrower hydrocarbon generation windows than types II_(2)and III source rocks.The kerogen types also affect the HGE history and resource potential.Three types(conventional,tight,and shale oil/gas)and three levels(realistic,expected,and prospective)of hydrocarbon resources of different members in the Liaohe Western Depression are evaluated.Findings suggest that the Es3 member has considerable conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources.This study can quantitatively characterize the hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks with different kerogen types,and facilitate a quick and accurate assessment of hydrocarbon resources,providing strategies for future oil and gas exploration.

Geochemical fingerprints and hydrocarbon potential of Paleocene mudrocks in the Tano Basin, Ghana: insights from biomarkers and stable carbon isotopes

The Paleocene mudrocks in Ghana’s Tano Basin have received limited attention despite ongoing efforts to explore hydrocarbon resources.A thorough geochemical analysis is imperative to assess these mudrocks’petroleum generation potential and formulate effective exploration strategies.In this study,a comprehensive geochemical analysis was carried out on ten Paleocene rock cuttings extracted from TP-1,a discovery well within the Tano Basin.Various analytical techniques,including total organic carbon(TOC)analysis,Rock–Eval pyrolysis,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and isotope ratio-mass spectrometry,were employed to elucidate their hydrocar-bon potential and organic facies.Thefindings in this study were subsequently compared to existing geochemical data on Paleocene source rocks in the South Atlantic marginal basins.The results indicated that the Paleocene samples have TOC content ranging from 0.68 to 2.93 wt%.The prevalent kerogen types identified in these samples were Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅲ.Molecular and isotope data suggest that the organic matter found in the Paleocene mudrocks can be traced back to land plants and lower aquatic organisms.These mudrocks were deposited in a transi-tional environment withfluctuating water salinity,charac-terized by sub-oxic redox conditions.Maturity indices,both bulk and molecular,indicated a spectrum of maturity levels within the Paleocene mudrocks,spanning from immature to marginally mature,with increasing maturity observed with greater depth.In comparison,the organic composition and depositional environments of Paleocene source rocks in the Tano Basin closely resemble those found in the Niger Delta Basin,Douala,and Kribi-Campo Basins,the Kwanza Formation in Angola,and certain Brazilian marginal basins.However,it is worth noting that Paleocene source rocks in some of the basins,such as the Niger Delta and Brazilian marginal basins,exhibit rela-tively higher thermal maturity levels compared to those observed in the current Paleocene samples from the Tano Basin.In conclusion,the comprehensive geochemical analysis of Paleocene mudrocks within Ghana’s Tano Basin has unveiled their marginal hydrocarbon generation potential.The shared geochemical characteristics between the Paleocene mudrocks in the Tano Basin and those in the nearby South Atlantic marginal basins offer valuable insights into source rock quality,which is crucial for shaping future strategies in petroleum exploration in this region.

木塑复合材料3DP设备微滴喷射过程仿真及关键参数研究

【目的】以自主研发的木塑复合材料三维打印与胶黏(3DP)微滴喷射系统为基础,开展紫外线固化黏结剂(UV胶)微滴喷射过程的研究,优化喷射系统工艺参数和阀体结构参数,为木塑复合材料3DP工艺液滴铺展渗透研究提供数据支撑。【方法】对喷射阀撞针的位移特征、UV胶的流变特性进行测定分析,确定了影响木塑复合材料3DP设备微滴喷射过程的喷射参数。采用有限元法对微滴喷射过程进行仿真,分析了微滴喷射过程中UV胶在喷嘴处速度、压力和质量流率的变化特征,获得了喷射参数对微滴喷射过程的影响规律。选取撞针速度、喷嘴直径、供胶压力为自变量,以液滴成形质量和主液滴速度为评价指标,开展仿真试验求解优化参数组。【结果】单因素试验得到了撞针速度0.3~0.9 m·s^(−1),喷嘴直径0.10~0.20 mm,供胶压力0.1~0.3 MPa,阀座锥角120°~130°的合理喷射参数范围。正交试验得到了喷嘴直径是影响液滴质量的显著因素,供胶压力是影响液滴速度的显著因素,并获得最优的喷射参数组合为喷嘴直径0.10 mm,撞针速度0.9 m·s^(−1),供胶压力0.1 MPa、阀座锥角130°。【结论】建立了基于木塑复合材料3DP微滴喷射过程的VOF有限元模型,完成了喷射参数对微滴喷射影响的研究,获得了最优的喷射参数组合。

QP和DP钢面内成形性能与边部成形性能对比研究

目的以宝钢生产的QP980、QP1180、DP980、DP11804种典型超高强钢材料为研究对象,进行QP、DP钢种材料面内与边部成形特性对比分析。方法采用单向拉伸设备以及成形试验机,并结合DIC分析技术,对4种材料的力学性能、面内成形性及边部成形性进行试验研究。结果与DP钢相比,同等强度级别QP钢的均匀延伸率及加工硬化系数均明显更高。在面内成形应变状态下,同等强度级别QP钢极限成形深度均明显大于DP钢的,但主、次应变大小差异不大。在边部成形应变状态下,同等强度级别QP、DP钢极限成形深度以及主、次应变大小均差异不大。QP、DP钢面内成形最大主应变均明显大于边部成形最大主应变。结论与同强度级别DP钢相比,QP钢具有更高的均匀延伸率及加工硬化系数。QP钢材料的加工硬化系数高,材料内部协同变形能力强,面内成形性能明显优于DP钢材料的,但两者的边部成形性能差异不大;QP、DP钢材料能承受更大的面内主应变,受边部加工硬化及毛刺的影响,冲裁后,边部应变明显降低,在QP、DP超高强钢零件设计制造过程中,应尽可能避免边部发生较大的变形。

Probing the electric double layer structure at nitrogen-doped graphite electrodes by constant-potential molecular dynamics simulations

Electric double layer(EDL)is a critical topic in electrochemistry and largely determines the working performance of lithium batteries.However,atomic insights into the EDL structures on heteroatom-modified graphite anodes and EDL evolution with electrode potential are very lacking.Herein,a constant-potential molecular dynamics(CPMD)method is proposed to probe the EDL structure under working conditions,taking N-doped graphite electrodes and carbonate electrolytes as an example.An interface model was developed,incorporating the electrode potential and atom electronegativities.As a result,an insightful atomic scenario for the EDL structure under varied electrode potentials has been established,which unveils the important role of doping sites in regulating both the EDL structures and the following electrochemical reactions at the atomic level.Specifically,the negatively charged N atoms repel the anions and adsorb Li~+at high and low potentials,respectively.Such preferential adsorption suggests that Ndoped graphite can promote Li~+desolvation and regulate the location of Li~+deposition.This CPMD method not only unveils the mysterious function of N-doping from the viewpoint of EDL at the atomic level but also applies to probe the interfacial structure on other complicated electrodes.

Krüppel-like factor 2(KLF2),a potential target for neuroregeneration

Neurological disorders and injuries lead to the impairment or depletion of neurons in terms of quantity,structure,or function,resulting in the loss of cognitive,emotional,and physical abilities in human beings.This,in turn,accompanies the shortfall of valuable human resources and economic potential,causing a detriment to society.Addressing these challenges,therefore,becomes imperative not only from a humanitarian perspective but also as a means of preserving human capital and bolstering economic prosperity.

Mitochondria–cGAS–STING axis is a potential therapeutic target for senescence-dependent inflammaging-associated neurodegeneration

The word “senescence” comes from the Latin senescens, meaning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from stress-induced cell cycle arrest of previously replication-competent cells.

Median Nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in Patients with Chiari Malformation

Abnormal SEP reflects dysfunction of the medial lemniscus and posterior cervical cord. These structures are likely to be affected in Chiari malformation. Therefore, SEP abnormalities may provide valuable information in patients with CM. However, the consistency of SEP abnormality or normality with the damage is a matter of research. Knowing whether median nerve somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) is useful in revealing subclinical damage in patients with Chiari malformation is important in the treatment and follow-up plan of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between median nerve SEP values and the severity of cerebellar ectopia in patients with Chiari type 1 malformation. Median nerve SEP values were obtained from 30 healthy individuals and 146 individuals with Chiari malformation. The cerebellar ectopia degree and McRae line length were measured. SEP values were not significantly different between groups. The McRae line was found to be significantly shorter in the control group than in the Chiari malformation group (p = 0.031). There was no correlation between the degree of cerebellar ectopia and the length of the McRae line (r = 0.002, p = 0.979). Neither cerebellar ectopy degree nor McRae line length had a relationship with SEP values (r = -0.153, p = 0.066;r = -0.056, p = 0.500, respectively). There was no difference in cerebellar ectopy degree or SEP values between the groups with cerebellar ectopy with and without a syrinx (p = 0.899;p = 0.080, respectively). Likewise, McRae line length was not found to be related to the presence of a syrinx (p = 0.139). Median nerve SEP examination was not beneficial for diagnosing asymptomatic-oligosymptomatic Chiari malformation as a subclinical injury, whether accompanied by syringomyelia or not.

DP模式下海底管道舷侧起吊技术研究及工程实践

海底管道舷侧起吊是海底管道发生损伤后维修的一种常用技术。通常情况下,舷侧起吊使用锚系船在锚泊状态下进行,维修过程中船舶状态稳定,成本相对教低,海管起吊作业施工风险小。然而,随着海上油气田不断开发,海底管缆的数量越来越多,密度越来越大,由于船舶起抛锚作业本身导致的海管损伤屡见不鲜。DP模式下进行平管起吊,避免了船舶抛锚作业,海管发生锚挂的风险降为零。海上某油田一条混输管线平管法兰焊道发生泄漏,采用DP模式下舷侧起吊的技术进行了法兰更换。此次DP模式下海底管道舷侧起吊更换法兰的成功实施验证了技术的可行性。

益气补血养阴汤加减联合DP/C化疗方案在中晚期非小细胞肺癌中的应用效果观察

目的探究益气补血养阴汤加减联合DP/C化疗方案在中晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的应用效果。方法选取中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者94例,按照治疗方式不同分为对照组和观察组,各47例。对照组给予DP/C化疗方案治疗,观察组给予益气补血养阴汤加减联合DP/C化疗方案治疗。对比两组治疗效果、肿瘤相关标志物[糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原(CYFRA21-1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)]水平、中医证候积分、不良反应发生率。结果观察组疾病控制率(DCR)为74.47%,比对照组的53.19%高(χ^(2)=4.608,P=0.032<0.05)。观察组CA19-9、CYFRA21-1、CEA水平分别为(32.17±5.54)U/ml、(2.77±0.81)ng/ml、(8.05±0.88)μg/L,比对照组的(35.54±5.21)U/ml、(3.34±0.89)ng/ml、(9.12±0.97)μg/L低(P<0.05)。观察组咳嗽、痰血、神乏疲力、自汗盗汗积分分别为(1.23±0.25)、(1.68±0.32)、(1.32±0.37)、(1.51±0.35)分,比对照组的(2.12±0.36)、(2.34±0.54)、(1.98±0.49)、(1.89±0.42)分低(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率6.38%比对照组的21.28%低(χ^(2)=4.374,P=0.036<0.05)。结论中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者,予以益气补血养阴汤加减联合DP/C化疗方案治疗,能改善肿瘤相关标志物的表达,改善患者中医证候积分,减少不良反应,进而提高治疗效果。

Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Potential Using AVO Analysis in the FORMAT Field, Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria

The study involved the evaluation of the hydrocarbon potential of FORMAT Field, coastal swamp depobelt Niger delta, Nigeria to obtain a more efficient reservoir characterization and fluid properties identification. Despite advances in seismic data interpretation using traditional 3D seismic data interpretation, obtaining adequate reservoir characteristics at the finest level had proved very challenging with often disappointing results. A method that integrates the amplitude variation with offfset (AVO) analysis is hereby proposed to better illuminate the reservoir. The Hampson Russell 10.3 was used to integrate and study the available seismic and well data. The reservoir of interest was delineated using the available suite of petrophysical data. This was marked by low gamma ray, high resistivity, and low acoustic impedance between a true subsea vertical depth (TVDss) range of 10,350 - 10,450 ft. The AVO fluid substitution yielded a decrease in the density values of pure gas (2.3 - 1.6 g/cc), pure oil (2.3 - 1.8 g/cc) while the Poisson pure brine increased (2.3 to 2.8 g/cc). Result from FORMAT 26 plots yielded a negative intercept and negative gradient at the top and a positive intercept and positive gradient at the Base which conforms to Class III AVO anomaly. FORMAT 30 plots yielded a negative intercept and positive gradient at the top and a positive intercept and negative gradient at the Base which conforms to class IV AVO anomaly. AVO attribute volume slices decreased in the Poisson ratio (0.96 to - 1.0) indicating that the reservoir contains hydrocarbon. The s-wave reflectivity and the product of the intercept and gradient further clarified that there was a Class 3 gas sand in the reservoir and the possibility of a Class 4 gas sand anomaly in that same reservoir.

Thermal conductivity of GeTe crystals based on machine learning potentials

GeTe has attracted extensive research interest for thermoelectric applications.In this paper,we first train a neuroevolution potential(NEP)based on a dataset constructed by ab initio molecular dynamics,with the Gaussian approximation potential(GAP)as a reference.The phonon density of states is then calculated by two machine learning potentials and compared with density functional theory results,with the GAP potential having higher accuracy.Next,the thermal conductivity of a GeTe crystal at 300 K is calculated by the equilibrium molecular dynamics method using both machine learning potentials,and both of them are in good agreement with the experimental results;however,the calculation speed when using the NEP potential is about 500 times faster than when using the GAP potential.Finally,the lattice thermal conductivity in the range of 300 K-600 K is calculated using the NEP potential.The lattice thermal conductivity decreases as the temperature increases due to the phonon anharmonic effect.This study provides a theoretical tool for the study of the thermal conductivity of GeTe.

Plasma potential measurements using an emissive probe made of oxide cathode

A novel emissive probe consisting of an oxide cathode coating is developed to achieve a low operating temperature and long service life.The properties of the novel emissive probe are investigated in detail,in comparison with a traditional tungsten emissive probe,including the operating temperature,the electron emission capability and the plasma potential measurement.Studies of the operating temperature and electron emission capability show that the tungsten emissive probe usually works at a temperature of 1800 K-2200 K while the oxide cathode emissive probe can function at about 1200 K-1400 K.In addition,plasma potential measurements using the oxide cathode emissive probe with different techniques have been accomplished in microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasmas with different discharge powers.It is found that a reliable plasma potential can be obtained using the improved inflection point method and the hot probe with zero emission limit method,while the floating point method is invalid for the oxide cathode emissive probe.

Hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumors:Benign,malignant,and uncertain malignant potential

In 2013,the World Health Organization defined perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)as“a mesenchymal tumor which shows a local association with vessel walls and usually expresses melanocyte and smooth muscle markers.”This generic definition seems to better fit the PEComa family,which includes angiomyolipoma,clear cell sugar tumor of the lung,lymphangioleiomyomatosis,and a group of histologically and immunophenotypically similar tumors that include primary extrapulmonary sugar tumor and clear cell myomelanocytic tumor.Clear cell tumors with this immunophenotypic pattern have also had their malignant variants described.When localizing to the liver,preoperative radiological diagnosis has proven to be very difficult,and most patients have been diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma,focal nodular hyperplasia,hemangioma,or hepatic adenoma based on imaging findings.Examples of a malignant variant of the liver have been described.Finally,reports of malignant variants of these lesions have increased in recent years.Therefore,we support the use of the Folpe criteria,which in 2005 established the criteria for categorizing a PEComa as benign,malignant,or of uncertain malignant potential.Although they are not considered ideal,they currently seem to be the best approach and could be used for the categorization of liver tumors.