The Anticancer Potential of Quassinoids-A Mini-Review

The anticancer potential of quassinoids has attracted a great deal of attention for decades,and scientific data revealing their possible applications in cancer management are continuously increasing in the literature.Aside from the potent cytotoxic and antitumor properties of these degraded triterpenes,several quassinoids have exhibited synergistic effects with anticancer drugs.This article provides an overview of the potential anticancer properties of quassinoids,including their cytotoxic and antitumor activities,mechanisms of action,safety evaluation,and potential benefits in combination with anticancer drugs.

Potential and limitations of ChatGPT and generative artificial intelligence in medical safety education

The primary objectives of medical safety education are to provide the public with essential knowledge about medications and to foster a scientific approach to drug usage.The era of using artificial intelligence to revolutionize medical safety education has already dawned,and ChatGPT and other generative artificial intelligence models have immense potential in this domain.Notably,they offer a wealth of knowledge,anonymity,continuous availability,and personalized services.However,the practical implementation of generative artificial intelligence models such as ChatGPT in medical safety education still faces several challenges,including concerns about the accuracy of information,legal responsibilities,and ethical obligations.Moving forward,it is crucial to intelligently upgrade ChatGPT by leveraging the strengths of existing medical practices.This task involves further integrating the model with real-life scenarios and proactively addressing ethical and security issues with the ultimate goal of providing the public with comprehensive,convenient,efficient,and personalized medical services.

Analysis of Potential Causes of Safety Failure of New Energy Vehicle Power Batteries

The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential reasons for the safety failure of batteries for new-energy vehicles.Firstly,the importance and popularization of new energy batteries are introduced,and the importance of safety failure issues is drawn out.Then,the composition and working principle of the battery is explained in detail,which provides the basis for the subsequent analysis.Then,the potential impacts of factors such as overcharge and over-discharge,high and low temperature environments,internal faults,and external shocks and vibrations on the safety of the batteries are analyzed.Finally,some common safety measures and solutions are proposed to improve the safety of new energy batteries,in hopes of improving the safety of batteries for new-energy vehicle.

Effect of Potential Energy Stored in Reactor Facility Coolant on NPP Safety and Economic Parameters

Potential (non-nuclear) energy stored in reactor facility coolant is a crucial factor determining the NPP safety/hazard characteristics as it is inherent property of the material and cannot be changed. Enhancing safety of the NPP with traditional type reactor facilities, in which potential energy is stored in large quantities, requires buildup of the number of safety systems and in-depth defense barriers, which reduce the probability of severe accidents (but do not exclude the opportunity of their realization) and seriousness of their consequences. Keeping the risk of radioactivity release for different type reactor facilities at a same level of social acceptability, the number of safety systems and in-depth defense barriers, which determine essentially the NPP economical parameters, can be reduced with diminishing the potential energy stored in the reactor facility. To analyze the effect of potential energy on reactor facility safety/hazard, a diagram of reactor facility hazard has been proposed. It presents a probability of radioactivity release as a function of radioactivity release values for reactor facilities with identical radiation potential, which differ by values of potential energy stored in coolant. It is proposed to account NPP safety/hazard effect on economics by adding a certain interest on the electricity cost for making payments in a special insurance fund assigned to compensate the expenses for elimination of consequences of a possible accident.

Increasing the Safety of People Activity in Aggressive Potential Locations, Analyzed through the Probability Theory, Modeling/Simulation and Application in Underground Coal Mining

This paper deals with the increasing safety of working in aggressive potential locations, having SCADA system and WSN sensors, using a “probabilistic strategy” in comparison with a “deterministic” one, modeling/simulation and application in underground coal mining. In general, three conditions can be considered: 1) an unfriendly environment that facilitates the risk of accidents, 2) aggressive equipments that can compete to cause accidents and 3) the work security breaches that can cause accidents. These conditions define the triangle of accidents and are customized for an underground coal mining where the methane gas is released with the exploitation of the massive coal. In this case, the first two conditions create an explosive potential atmosphere. To allow people to work in a safe location it needs: first, a continuing monitoring through SCADA system of the explosive potential atmosphere and second, the use of antiexplosive equipment. This method, named “deterministic strategy”, increases the safety of working, but the explosions have not been completely eliminated. In order to increase the safety of working, the paper continues with the presentation of a new method based on hazard laws, named “probabilistic strategy”. This strategy was validated through modeling/simulation using CupCarbon software platform, and application of WSN networks implemented on Arduino equipments. At the end of the paper the interesting conclusions are emphases which are applicable to both strategies.

A Method Combining Numerical Analysis and Limit Equilibrium Theory to Determine Potential Slip Surfaces in Soil Slopes

This paper describes a precise method combining numerical analysis and limit equilibrium theory to determine potential slip surfaces in soil slopes. In this method, the direction of the critical slip surface at any point in a slope is determined using the Coulomb’s strength principle and the extremum principle based on the ratio of the shear strength to the shear stress at that point. The ratio, which is considered as an analysis index, can be computed once the stress field of the soil slope is obtained. The critical slip direction at any point in the slope must be the tangential direction of a potential slip surface passing through the point. Therefore, starting from a point on the top of the slope surface or on the horizontal segment outside the slope toe, the increment with a small distance into the slope is used to choose another point and the corresponding slip direction at the point is computed. Connecting all the points used in the computation forms a potential slip surface exiting at the starting point. Then the factor of safety for any potential slip surface can be computed using limit equilibrium method like Spencer method. After factors of safety for all the potential slip surfaces are obtained, the minimum one is the factor of safety for the slope and the corresponding potential slip surface is the critical slip surface of the slope. The proposed method does not need to pre-assume the shape of potential slip surfaces. Thus it is suitable for any shape of slip surfaces. Moreover the method is very simple to be applied. Examples are presented in this paper to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method programmed in ANSYS software by macro commands.

Quality Changes and Safety Evaluation of Ready-to-Eat Roasted Antarctic Krill(Euphausia superba)During Storage at Room Temperature(25℃)

The objective of this study was to determine the quality changes and shelf life of ready-to-eat roasted Antarctic krill,either untreated(CT)or treated with sodium diacetate(SD)or sodium diacetate and a deoxidizer(SDD),during storage at room temperature(25℃)by using sensory,physiochemical,and microbial assessment.Additionally,fluoride accumulation in this food product was used to evaluate its safety.Analysis showed that the addition of SD and SDD resulted in better sensory scores compared of that of CT samples(P<0.05).Accordingly,microorganism growth and total basic nitrogen(TVB-N)were maintained at a low level for the duration of storage with SD and SDD treatments.The total viable counts of SD and SDD reached(4.58±0.08)log(CFU g^(−1))and(4.20±0.11)log(CFUg^(−1)),respectively.The mold was found after 6 and 18 days for SD and SDD treatment,and the numbers reached 5.2×10^(6) and 8.5×10^(4) respectively at the end of shelf life.The TVB-N values from CT continuously increased during the whole storage.While TVB-N values from SD and SDD remained significantly less change(P<0.05)during the early 20 days of the storage,and the values reached(12.11±0.07)mg(100 g)^(−1) and(10.88±0.15)mg(100 g)^(−1) on day 33 and day 70,respectively.Importantly,SDD treatment effectively minimized the oxidation values and retained the color of ready-to-eat roasted Antarctic krill.Our results showed that the shelf life of ready-to-eat roasted Antarctic krill treated with SDD was extended by up to 52 days.Additionally,rats fed ready-to-eat roasted Antarctic krill showed accumulation of fluoride exclusively in the thighbone.The accumulation of fluoride residues in the thighbone showed concentration-dependent.The concentrations of fluoride residues in rats were(1760.03±38.21),(2371.52±42.15)mgkg^(−1) and(3615.44±30.53)mgkg^(−1),which were less than sodium fluoride feeding group(4621.01±28.67)mgkg^(−1).The results suggested that the SD and SDD treatments led to better quality and shelf life extension of ready-to-eat roasted Antarctic krill during storage at room temperature(25℃).Therefore,the ready-to-eat roasted Antarctic krill can be of great interest to the seafood industry.

The Principle and Method for Delineation of Potential Seismic Sources in Northwest Yunnan

Based on the collection and analysis of achievements of other scholars, and by consulting the results of seismic safety evaluation of engineering sites and field surveys of recent years, the seismotectonic indicators are determined for northwest Yunnan and its vicinity, and then potential seismic sources are further delineated. In practice, the following principles are applied: for areas with strong historical earthquakes, the recurrence principle is used to determine the upper bound magnitude; for areas with distinct seismogenic structure but no historical strong earthquake records, the tectonic analogy principle is used in the light of the size and activity behavior of the structure; for areas where the segmentation of the active fault is well studied, the potential sources will be demarcated more precisely; and for areas with buried fault, the seismicity pattern and geophysical abnormity are used to determine the direction of the major axis of the potential seismic source.

高校实验室易制爆化学品安全管理探究

近年来,高校实验室安全事故频发,造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失,影响了社会稳定与校园和谐安定,造成不良社会影响。在众多实验室安全事故中,由易制爆化学品等危化品引起的安全事故又占了绝大多数,加强实验室易制爆化学品安全管理不容忽视。针对目前高校实验室易制爆化学品安全管理,在事故原因剖析、解决对策方面进行了有益的探索,提出了相关解决对策与方法。

模糊赋权-TOPSIS在流域盆地洪泛区洪水风险测度中的应用

沿海沿河流低洼地区洪涝频发、损失严重,严重影响流域公共安全,有效识别流域盆地洪泛区内的洪水风险分布至关重要。传统基于单一多准则决策方法的风险测度模型无法兼顾决策者的有效经验和决策的客观合理性,同时计算所得的绝对洪水风险值无法准确识别潜在洪水风险。为解决这一问题,提出了一种优化的集成模型,以澳大利亚乔治河流域洪泛区为例开展洪水风险测度研究。从危险性、暴露度和脆弱性三个维度选取12个风险指标,采用模糊逻辑改进的三角模糊层次分析法优化权重计算过程、集成接近理想点法中相对邻近度的概念完成相对洪水风险测度,最后可视化分析了洪水风险的空间分布状况。结果表明,集成模型识别出的中等及以上风险区比单一三角模糊层次分析法多17.1%,比接近理想点法多15.7%,在识别洪泛区潜在风险上表现更优。利用历史灾情验证集证明了模型的优越性。该研究框架可为流域洪泛区的防灾策略制定提供决策支持。

基于事件相关电位的监控员任务切换刺激模态差异性对警觉度的影响研究

为探究不同模态转换下任务切换对监控人员警觉度衰减现象的影响,采用脑电实验法,设计了危险动作识别、危险场景识别等任务,并结合行为数据及事件相关电位(Event Related Potential,ERP)技术进行综合分析;实验重点考察在任务切换过程中,不同模态的任务之间进行切换对监控人员警觉度的具体影响;通过对煤矿监控调度人员的实证研究,揭示了切换任务的模态差异性对监控员警觉度的影响及其内在机制。结果表明:当在相同刺激任务间进行切换时带来的工作绩效下降,主要原因在于任务切换产生的切换成本导致注意力分散,具体体现在任务切换后P300和P200平均波幅的升高;但是在不同刺激任务间进行切换时,尤其是切换到听觉刺激任务时,被试者的警觉度水平反而得到了一定程度的提升。

基于安全势场理论的高速公路交通事故下协同换道引导策略

为缓解交通事故对道路通行效率的影响,提高事故路段的通过能力,利用车路协同系统中车与车、车与路的实时信息交互,提出一种高速公路突发交通事故下基于安全势场理论的车辆协同换道引导策略。首先,针对单向双车道和多车道等不同车道下发生交通事故的多种场景,将协同换道的引导区域划分为事故保护区、引导过渡区、协同换道引导区和自由换道区4个区域,并确定换道引导阈值,以便更新车辆状态;然后,构建交通事故的安全势场,针对不同场景提出相应的车辆协同换道引导策略,并给出引导过程中车辆换道安全距离和最晚换道位置的计算方法;最后,基于城市交通仿真(SUMO)软件进行多种场景下的仿真验证。结果表明:在单向双车道场景下,当车辆协同引导率在75%时优化效果最明显;在多车道场景下,引导率在50%时的优化效果最明显;此外,通过对比分析发现,采用换道引导策略后,车辆通过事故路段的平均速度最高提升了6.3%,车辆延误最高减少了14.6%。

站用10 kV系统中性点接地方式对避雷器地电位升安全限值的影响

随着电网容量变大和新型电力系统的发展,站用10 kV系统中性点接地方式发生改变,仍沿用系统中性点不接地方式下避雷器耐受接地网地电位(U_(GPR))升高的安全限值可能会导致避雷器在其他接地方式下出现安全事故。采用电磁暂态程序ATP-draw可以搭建不同中性点接地方式下U_(GPR)反击避雷器的模型,通过校核避雷器在U_(GPR)作用下动作过程中的吸收能量,得到了中性点接地方式对避雷器耐受U_(GPR)安全限值的影响规律:中性点不接地时,避雷器耐受U_(GPR)安全限值为10~23 kV,随线路对地电容变大而减小;中性点经消弧线圈接地时,U_(GPR)在消弧线圈和线路对地电容的串联回路中产生振荡,导致避雷器耐受U_(GPR)安全限值更低,安全限值主要由脱谐度与阻尼率决定,典型值为8~9.5 kV;中性点经电阻接地时,U_(GPR)大部分耦合至高压母线,使避雷器耐受U_(GPR)安全限值更高,并随线路对地电容和中性点电阻的增大而减小,大电阻接地工况下的典型值大于15 kV,小电阻接地工况下的典型值大于25 kV。

外部注意力增强语义交互的阅读理解模型

针对传统抽取式阅读理解模型未充分考虑问答样本之间潜在相关性的问题,通过RoBERTa对问题与段落进行编码,利用外部注意力Exatt增强语义交互层特征获取能力,提出外部注意力增强语义交互的阅读理解模型,捕获问题与段落中蕴涵的语义特征和不同问答样本之间的潜在相关性。实验结果表明,在CMRC2018和构建的电力安规问答数据集上,在评价指标EM和F1两方面,该方法较基线模型分别最高提高了0.737%和2.556%。

面向无人驾驶车辆的行车安全场模型构建方法

针对全面系统评价无人驾驶车辆行车安全方法欠缺的问题,提出一种改进的无人驾驶车辆行车安全场模型。考虑无人驾驶车辆复杂道路因素,人工智能(AI)系统感知、决策、控制3大模块的特性对无人驾驶车辆行车安全的影响,基于胡克定律,建立动态势能场及安全行为场相结合的无人驾驶车辆行车安全场数学模型,以此表征道路上静止物体、运动物体与AI系统自身等因素造成的行车风险。结合典型行驶场景的行车安全分析验证所提模型的正确性和可用性。

不同降雨类型循环下二元边坡渗流场及稳定性分析

为研究不同降雨条件对二元边坡的影响,以福建某公路边坡为例,基于饱和-非饱和渗流理论,利用Geo-Studio软件,模拟不同类型降雨对二元边坡渗流场和稳定性的影响,探讨不同降雨类型循环条件下二元边坡的渗流场和安全系数的变化规律。结果表明,降雨引起的孔隙水压力变化在边坡表层土体和内部岩层之间存在显著差异,土-岩接触面存在潜在滑动面;总降雨量相同时,表层土体孔隙水压力变化曲线呈现不同变化规律,前期型呈上凸型,中期型、均匀型都呈直线型,后期型呈下凹型;下部岩层坡顶、坡面处孔隙水压力变化曲线在降雨周期前期不变,在后期突然增大升至饱和状态,坡脚处岩层的孔隙水压力变化趋势与表层土体一致;安全系数变化与降雨时间分布一致,并具有明显的滞后性;降雨最不利时,潜在滑动面由边坡内部上移到土-岩接触面处及内部岩层接触面处。

3种标准评估老年股骨颈骨折患者潜在不适当用药的比较

目的分析老年股骨颈骨折患者入院时潜在不适当用药(PIM)的发生情况,并对3种标准评估结果的一致性进行比较。方法回顾性分析2022年7月到2023年6月江苏省苏北人民医院骨科收治的老年股骨颈骨折患者资料,分别采用《中国老年人潜在不适当用药判断标准(2017年版)》(以下简称“中国标准”)、《美国老年医学会老年人潜在不适当用药Beers标准2023版》(以下简称“2023年Beers标准”)和第3版老年人潜在不适当处方筛查工具(以下简称“第3版STOPP标准”)对患者入院时的PIM进行评估,采用Kappa检验评估结果的一致性。结果共纳入246例患者。参照中国标准,共有49例(19.92%)存在PIM,共计77例次;参照2023版Beers标准,共有64例(26.02%)存在PIM,共计118例次;参照第3版STOPP标准,共有41例(16.67%)存在PIM,共计67例次;有22例患者同时符合3种标准。3种标准评估结果两两比较的Kappa值为0.417~0.486,一致性一般。结论3种标准评估的PIM存在一定差异,但总体发生率均在30%以下;苯二氮类药物、抗精神病药、抗抑郁药等可能会增加患者再次跌倒的风险。

牛大力及产地土壤重金属安全性评估

为探究牛大力及产地土壤的重金属安全性,给广东省牛大力产业发展提供科学依据,研究采用ICP-MS和原子荧光光谱法测定牛大力产品及土壤的重金属含量,并对产品的健康风险及土壤重金属安全性进行了评估。结果表明,2020—2021年,广东牛大力不存在重金属(Pb、Cd、As)超标问题。结合重金属日暴露量、靶标危害系数和危害指数为评估标准,牛大力不会对人体健康造成影响。总体上,牛大力产地土壤的重金属安全性较高,Hakanson潜在生态风险较低。同时,土壤Pb质量分数与产品Pb质量分数、土壤As质量分数与产品As质量分数之间具有显著正相关关系。产地土壤重金属安全问题与中药材安全性息息相关,为保障牛大力产品质量安全,必须加强产地土壤重金属等有害元素的管控。

基于组合赋权-集对分析的城市供水安全评价

为更精准地评价城市供水安全,将集对分析法与主客观组合赋权法相结合,建立区域城市供水安全评价模型,即用最小相对信息熵原理确定指标综合权重并耦合到指标联系度中,构建出城市供水安全的组合赋权-集对分析的评价体系,通过五元减法集对势确定城市供水安全等级,并对昆明市2011~2020年的供水安全评价划分安全等级。结果表明,2011~2013年昆明市供水处于安全等级,其中2011、2012年更倾向于基本安全等级;2014~2020年昆明市供水处于非常安全等级但更倾向于安全等级,供水状态相对安全和稳定。所提方法一定程度上解决了城市供水安全评价等级中的不确定性和多指标性问题,为城市供水安全评价提供了一种新思路。

安全监测设施布设对水利水电工程的安全影响及应对措施

水利水电工程安全监测需要在现场布设相应传感器,引出相应电缆到测站进行数据集中采集。建筑物内部的监测仪器需要特定的安装结构,集中引出电缆可能给工程本身或多或少带来局部的影响。分析电缆接续、敷设、保护等方式,探讨混凝土坝坝基测压管的布置、管理,研究盾构隧洞的监测仪器的安装结构,提出优化措施,对超高水头的抽水蓄能电站重点部位采用横向、纵向阻水的水密电缆,从本质上消减安全监测设施给水工结构带来的潜在风险。相关经验在项目中得到成功验证,可供类似项目参考。