The magnitude of the overall prevalence and racial disparity in induced abortion suggests that it is a major influence on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of the population of the United States (US). Howe...The magnitude of the overall prevalence and racial disparity in induced abortion suggests that it is a major influence on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of the population of the United States (US). However, the years of potential lives averted by induced abortion have not been systematically studied. We applied race-specific intra-uterine death estimates to the induced abortions occurring to non-Hispanic (NH) white and non-Hispanic (NH) black women in the US state of North Carolina in 2008. The resultant estimate of births averted by induced abortion was used to project years of potential life lost. All-cause detailed mortality data were used to compare induced abortion with other contributing causes of years of potential life lost before age 75 (YPLL 75). For NH whites, induced abortions in 2008 contributed 59% of total YPLL 75, and 1.5 times the total YPLL 75 from all other causes combined. For NH blacks, induced abortions in 2008 contributed 76% of total YPLL 75 and 3.2 times the total YPLL 75 from all other causes combined. Induced abortion is the overwhelmingly predominant contributing cause of preventable potential lives lost in the North Carolina population, and NH blacks are disproportionately affected.展开更多
Introduction: Indicators of maternal health are often used to evaluate the social development and overall health of a population, as well as the accessibility of health services. Among these indicators, the Potential ...Introduction: Indicators of maternal health are often used to evaluate the social development and overall health of a population, as well as the accessibility of health services. Among these indicators, the Potential Years of Life Lost, which is associated with maternal deaths, is useful for the definition of priorities, monitoring, evaluation, and intervention, identifying the highest risk groups. Objective: To analyze the Potential Years of Life Lost by maternal death in Santa Catarina in 2000 and 2014. Method: An Ecological study with exploratory spatial analysis was conducted with data obtained from the Information System on Mortality and Live Births. Results: In the Information System, 35 maternal deaths in the year 2000 were identified and 24 in 2014. The total estimated years of life lost were 845 years in 2000 and 780 years in 2014, dominated by direct obstetric causes. In 2000, women who died lost, on average, 39.8 years of life;and 41.5 years in 2014. Conclusion: The spatial pattern observed in 2000 highlights areas of high risk in different regions of Santa Catarina. The greatest loss of years occurred in younger women, confirming the need to prevent and control maternal mortality and review strategies for compliance with public policies in the State.展开更多
Purpose： Traffic injuries are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Pedestrians have been considered as a high-risk group among road users, especially in middle- or low-income communities. Th...Purpose： Traffic injuries are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Pedestrians have been considered as a high-risk group among road users, especially in middle- or low-income communities. This study attempted to determine the burden of pedestrians＇ fatalities in Fars, the southern province of Iran using years of life lost （YLL） approach. Methods： The data used in this study were retrieved from Fars Forensic Medicine Organization database on pedestrian traffic accidents. The YLL from 2009 to 2013 was estimated using the method presented by World Health organization. Some epidemiological characteristics of pedestrians＇ fatalities were analyzed by SPSS. Results： Although YLL among 1000 male pedestrians decreased from 2.5 in 2009 to 1.5 in 2013, it increased from 0.9 to 2.1 among 1000 females during the same period. Higher proportion of death was found in female, illiterate, and married pedestrians {p 〈 0.001 ）. In addition, mortality was higher in pedestrians living the cities, during daytime, at home, and in hospitals （p 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion： Consistent with the global trends, burden of pedestrian accidents in Fats was also excep- tionally high. Considering the national and cultural aspects of different countries, improving the safety of pedestrians demands a multi-dimensional approach with interventional factors concerning policies, rules, pedestrians, motor vehicles and environmental conditions taken into consideration.展开更多
目的:分析2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡特征,为制定该地区慢性非传染性疾病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:采用粗死亡率、标准化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、平均减寿年...目的:分析2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡特征,为制定该地区慢性非传染性疾病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:采用粗死亡率、标准化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)等指标对2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡资料进行分析。结果:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病粗死亡率为436.7/10万,年龄标化死亡率为493.16/10万,呈逐年上升趋势,男性死亡率显著高于女性;慢性非传染性疾病死亡率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,从65~岁年龄组开始明显升高;循环系统疾疾病占比最高(50.17%),死亡率为219.12/10万,其次是肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病;慢性非传染性疾病造成的寿命损失年PYLL为356073人年,AYLL为5.78人年,PYLL率为25.24‰。结论:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病死亡率呈上升趋势,已成为我市居民的主要死因,严重影响居民的健康和生命,应作为今后疾病防控工作的重点。展开更多
目的 :了解2013年江苏省恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其所致潜在寿命损失特征,为肿瘤的预防提供依据。方法 :通过江苏省死因监测系统搜集2013年恶性肿瘤的死亡个案信息,利用从公安部门获取的人口学信息,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(pot...目的 :了解2013年江苏省恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其所致潜在寿命损失特征,为肿瘤的预防提供依据。方法 :通过江苏省死因监测系统搜集2013年恶性肿瘤的死亡个案信息,利用从公安部门获取的人口学信息,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)和标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)等指标,评价恶性肿瘤的死亡和早死负担及其人群分布特征。结果:2013年恶性肿瘤导致死亡135 236例,占2013年总死亡人数的29.38%,男、女分别为86 736、48 500例。恶性肿瘤死亡率和标化死亡率分别为196.80/10万和111.59/10万,死亡率男女比为1.77,城乡比为0.95。死亡率前5位依次为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌和结直肠肛门癌,占全部恶性肿瘤的75.10%。恶性肿瘤所致PYLL和SPYLL分别为788 367和582 620.68人年,PYLLR男女比为1.78,城乡比为0.93,PYLL前5位依次为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食管癌和白血病,女性中乳腺癌取代食管癌处第4位。结论:导致全人群死亡和早死的主要恶性肿瘤为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌和白血病,以及女性乳腺癌。对于恶性肿瘤死亡率和潜在减寿率,男性远高于女性、农村居民略高于城市居民。应针对重点癌种和人群,开展相关预防干预措施。展开更多
目的了解新疆生产建设兵团(简称兵团)肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤死亡情况及疾病负担,为肿瘤防治提供依据。方法收集2010年兵团肿瘤登记地区(第七师、第八师)恶性肿瘤发病资料和死亡资料,利用死亡率(mortality)、潜在减寿年(potential years o...目的了解新疆生产建设兵团(简称兵团)肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤死亡情况及疾病负担,为肿瘤防治提供依据。方法收集2010年兵团肿瘤登记地区(第七师、第八师)恶性肿瘤发病资料和死亡资料,利用死亡率(mortality)、潜在减寿年(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted life year,DALY)包括早死所致的健康寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLL)和残疾所致的健康寿命损失年(years lived with disability,Y L D)评价恶性肿瘤疾病负担。结果2010年肿瘤登记地区全部恶性肿瘤死亡率为113.36/10万,中标率、世标率分别为58.50/10万、79.05/10万。男性死亡率139.08/10万高于女性死亡率87.13/10万。全部肿瘤PYLL为11 603.5人年,PYLL率为10.05‰,高于兵团2008—2012年死因分析恶性肿瘤平均水平。全部肿瘤DALYs率为13.14/千人、YLDs和YLLs分别为0.83/千人和12.31/千人;男性YLLs为13.50/千人高于女性YLLs 10.88/千人。PYLL率与DALYs率随年龄增加而上升,其中PYLL和PYLL率在40岁之后达到高峰,DALYs率从40岁年龄组开始明显升高,在60~69岁年龄组达到最高,且从65岁开始男性高于女性。2010年女性DALYs/千人高于全国水平。结论兵团肿瘤登记地区肿瘤疾病负担较重,男性高于女性,中老年人肿瘤疾病负担最高,应加强肿瘤的早诊早治项目,减轻居民肿瘤疾病负担。展开更多
文摘The magnitude of the overall prevalence and racial disparity in induced abortion suggests that it is a major influence on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of the population of the United States (US). However, the years of potential lives averted by induced abortion have not been systematically studied. We applied race-specific intra-uterine death estimates to the induced abortions occurring to non-Hispanic (NH) white and non-Hispanic (NH) black women in the US state of North Carolina in 2008. The resultant estimate of births averted by induced abortion was used to project years of potential life lost. All-cause detailed mortality data were used to compare induced abortion with other contributing causes of years of potential life lost before age 75 (YPLL 75). For NH whites, induced abortions in 2008 contributed 59% of total YPLL 75, and 1.5 times the total YPLL 75 from all other causes combined. For NH blacks, induced abortions in 2008 contributed 76% of total YPLL 75 and 3.2 times the total YPLL 75 from all other causes combined. Induced abortion is the overwhelmingly predominant contributing cause of preventable potential lives lost in the North Carolina population, and NH blacks are disproportionately affected.
基金financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil(CAPES)-Finance Code 001.
文摘Introduction: Indicators of maternal health are often used to evaluate the social development and overall health of a population, as well as the accessibility of health services. Among these indicators, the Potential Years of Life Lost, which is associated with maternal deaths, is useful for the definition of priorities, monitoring, evaluation, and intervention, identifying the highest risk groups. Objective: To analyze the Potential Years of Life Lost by maternal death in Santa Catarina in 2000 and 2014. Method: An Ecological study with exploratory spatial analysis was conducted with data obtained from the Information System on Mortality and Live Births. Results: In the Information System, 35 maternal deaths in the year 2000 were identified and 24 in 2014. The total estimated years of life lost were 845 years in 2000 and 780 years in 2014, dominated by direct obstetric causes. In 2000, women who died lost, on average, 39.8 years of life;and 41.5 years in 2014. Conclusion: The spatial pattern observed in 2000 highlights areas of high risk in different regions of Santa Catarina. The greatest loss of years occurred in younger women, confirming the need to prevent and control maternal mortality and review strategies for compliance with public policies in the State.
文摘Purpose： Traffic injuries are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Pedestrians have been considered as a high-risk group among road users, especially in middle- or low-income communities. This study attempted to determine the burden of pedestrians＇ fatalities in Fars, the southern province of Iran using years of life lost （YLL） approach. Methods： The data used in this study were retrieved from Fars Forensic Medicine Organization database on pedestrian traffic accidents. The YLL from 2009 to 2013 was estimated using the method presented by World Health organization. Some epidemiological characteristics of pedestrians＇ fatalities were analyzed by SPSS. Results： Although YLL among 1000 male pedestrians decreased from 2.5 in 2009 to 1.5 in 2013, it increased from 0.9 to 2.1 among 1000 females during the same period. Higher proportion of death was found in female, illiterate, and married pedestrians {p 〈 0.001 ）. In addition, mortality was higher in pedestrians living the cities, during daytime, at home, and in hospitals （p 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion： Consistent with the global trends, burden of pedestrian accidents in Fats was also excep- tionally high. Considering the national and cultural aspects of different countries, improving the safety of pedestrians demands a multi-dimensional approach with interventional factors concerning policies, rules, pedestrians, motor vehicles and environmental conditions taken into consideration.
文摘目的:分析2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡特征,为制定该地区慢性非传染性疾病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:采用粗死亡率、标准化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)等指标对2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡资料进行分析。结果:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病粗死亡率为436.7/10万,年龄标化死亡率为493.16/10万,呈逐年上升趋势,男性死亡率显著高于女性;慢性非传染性疾病死亡率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,从65~岁年龄组开始明显升高;循环系统疾疾病占比最高(50.17%),死亡率为219.12/10万,其次是肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病;慢性非传染性疾病造成的寿命损失年PYLL为356073人年,AYLL为5.78人年,PYLL率为25.24‰。结论:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病死亡率呈上升趋势,已成为我市居民的主要死因,严重影响居民的健康和生命,应作为今后疾病防控工作的重点。
文摘目的 :了解2013年江苏省恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其所致潜在寿命损失特征,为肿瘤的预防提供依据。方法 :通过江苏省死因监测系统搜集2013年恶性肿瘤的死亡个案信息,利用从公安部门获取的人口学信息,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)和标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)等指标,评价恶性肿瘤的死亡和早死负担及其人群分布特征。结果:2013年恶性肿瘤导致死亡135 236例,占2013年总死亡人数的29.38%,男、女分别为86 736、48 500例。恶性肿瘤死亡率和标化死亡率分别为196.80/10万和111.59/10万,死亡率男女比为1.77,城乡比为0.95。死亡率前5位依次为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌和结直肠肛门癌,占全部恶性肿瘤的75.10%。恶性肿瘤所致PYLL和SPYLL分别为788 367和582 620.68人年,PYLLR男女比为1.78,城乡比为0.93,PYLL前5位依次为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食管癌和白血病,女性中乳腺癌取代食管癌处第4位。结论:导致全人群死亡和早死的主要恶性肿瘤为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌和白血病,以及女性乳腺癌。对于恶性肿瘤死亡率和潜在减寿率,男性远高于女性、农村居民略高于城市居民。应针对重点癌种和人群,开展相关预防干预措施。
文摘目的了解新疆生产建设兵团(简称兵团)肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤死亡情况及疾病负担,为肿瘤防治提供依据。方法收集2010年兵团肿瘤登记地区(第七师、第八师)恶性肿瘤发病资料和死亡资料,利用死亡率(mortality)、潜在减寿年(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted life year,DALY)包括早死所致的健康寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLL)和残疾所致的健康寿命损失年(years lived with disability,Y L D)评价恶性肿瘤疾病负担。结果2010年肿瘤登记地区全部恶性肿瘤死亡率为113.36/10万,中标率、世标率分别为58.50/10万、79.05/10万。男性死亡率139.08/10万高于女性死亡率87.13/10万。全部肿瘤PYLL为11 603.5人年,PYLL率为10.05‰,高于兵团2008—2012年死因分析恶性肿瘤平均水平。全部肿瘤DALYs率为13.14/千人、YLDs和YLLs分别为0.83/千人和12.31/千人;男性YLLs为13.50/千人高于女性YLLs 10.88/千人。PYLL率与DALYs率随年龄增加而上升,其中PYLL和PYLL率在40岁之后达到高峰,DALYs率从40岁年龄组开始明显升高,在60~69岁年龄组达到最高,且从65岁开始男性高于女性。2010年女性DALYs/千人高于全国水平。结论兵团肿瘤登记地区肿瘤疾病负担较重,男性高于女性,中老年人肿瘤疾病负担最高,应加强肿瘤的早诊早治项目,减轻居民肿瘤疾病负担。
