Farmers' Cooperatives'Poverty-Reducing Roles in Agricultural Supply Chain Finance

Agricultural supply chain finance(SCF)plays a vital role in reducing poverty and linking smallholders with broader markets.By creating a multi-dimensional poverty index(MPI)for farmer households with A-F binary boundary method,this paper employs the propensity score matching and difference-in-difference(PSM-DID)method to estimate how farmers’cooperatives run by various entities affect farmer households’multi-dimensional poverty status.Our findings suggest that:(i)Each percentage of increase in the probability of farmers’access to SCF credit from their cooperatives makes it 8%and 10%more likely for farmers’MPI and multi-dimensional poverty order to decrease with a signi ficant poverty-reducing effect.(2)SCF credit from farmers’cooperatives run by large farmers,agribusinesses and the village cadres are signi ficantly poverty-reducing for full-time poor farmers.(iii)The higher non-farm incomes as a share of farmers’total income,the less poverty-reducing SCF credit from farmers’cooperatives run by large farmers and villagers becomes,and the more poverty-reducing SCF credit for agribusiness everyone cooperatives becomes.These findings highlight the importance of policy guidance for farmers’cooperatives to offer appropriate credit products and solutions according to local conditions,which is vital to maximizing the effects of targeted financial poverty reduction.

Fiscal Livelihood Spending’s Effects on Multidimensional Poverty Reduction in China

This paper investigates how fiscal spending on livelihood improves multidimensional household poverty in China.Based on the panel data of the“China Health and Nutrition Survey”(CHNS)for 2004-2015,we measured the chronic multidimensional poverty index for Chinese households.We have created a multitiered model for empirical analysis.Our findings suggest that multidimensional poverty in China is predominantly capacity poverty.Fiscal spending on livelihoods significantly reduces multidimensional poverty for Chinese households,especially rural households.Investments on livelihoods are more poverty-reducing than transfer spending on livelihoods.As an innovation,this paper offers a dynamic analysis of the effects of livelihood spending on multidimensional household poverty controlling for heterogeneity between individual households and across regions.Our conclusion suggests that the government should improve policy arrangements to increase social opportunities and support sustainable development capacities for the poor,while enhancing protective social security systems.