This paper investigates how fiscal spending on livelihood improves multidimensional household poverty in China.Based on the panel data of the“China Health and Nutrition Survey”(CHNS)for 2004-2015,we measured the chr...This paper investigates how fiscal spending on livelihood improves multidimensional household poverty in China.Based on the panel data of the“China Health and Nutrition Survey”(CHNS)for 2004-2015,we measured the chronic multidimensional poverty index for Chinese households.We have created a multitiered model for empirical analysis.Our findings suggest that multidimensional poverty in China is predominantly capacity poverty.Fiscal spending on livelihoods significantly reduces multidimensional poverty for Chinese households,especially rural households.Investments on livelihoods are more poverty-reducing than transfer spending on livelihoods.As an innovation,this paper offers a dynamic analysis of the effects of livelihood spending on multidimensional household poverty controlling for heterogeneity between individual households and across regions.Our conclusion suggests that the government should improve policy arrangements to increase social opportunities and support sustainable development capacities for the poor,while enhancing protective social security systems.展开更多
As an aspect of human capital,a positive association exists amongst health,productivity,and growth in output per capita.On the other hand,social infrastructure defined by the institution of governance has a direct eff...As an aspect of human capital,a positive association exists amongst health,productivity,and growth in output per capita.On the other hand,social infrastructure defined by the institution of governance has a direct effect on the environment upon which productive activities take place to determine outcomes.Nigeria like most African countries is bedevilled by the high prevalence of inadequate health financing and poor governance.Health financing for Nigeria consistently has fallen short of the AU health funding commitment of 15%of annual budgetary allocation to the health sector.Secondly,poor governance conditions available resources and shape the state of infrastructure,particularly health infrastructure and socioeconomic conditions.In turn,this determines individuals’level of exposure to health risks and their capacity to actively contribute to productive activity for growth stimulation and sustainability.Against this backdrop,this study added to the existing literature in the context of Nigeria,by theoretically applying the Solow augmented Mankiw-Romer-Weil structural model in the examination of the impact of government size and governance quality in the health sector,on economic growth.Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL)model was adopted in the estimation.Findings show that governance quality adversely affects growth and this reduces the capacity of health spending to stimulate growth by an almost equal margin.As a result,this study recommends legislative backing to the AU health funding commitment in Nigeria.展开更多
Does pollution drive up public spending on health care?This paper aims to answer such a crucial question empirically using a panel data set of 31 Chinese provinces during the period 1997–2014.In particular,this paper...Does pollution drive up public spending on health care?This paper aims to answer such a crucial question empirically using a panel data set of 31 Chinese provinces during the period 1997–2014.In particular,this paper explores the non-stationarity and cointegration properties between health care expenditure and environmental indicators in a panel cointegration framework;in doing so,it examines both the long-run and the short-run impacts of the per capita provincial GDP,waste gas emissions,dust and smog emissions,and waste water emissions on the per capita public health expenditure.We apply panel unit root tests,heterogeneous panel cointegration tests,FMOLS techniques,and a panel-based error-correction model.The conclusion is that,both in the long run and in the short run,public health care expenditure is positively affected not only by the provincial economy but also by the environmental quality.展开更多
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(NSSFC)Project“Study on the Dynamic Effects of Fiscal Spending on Multidimensional Poverty”(Grant No.19BJY229).
文摘This paper investigates how fiscal spending on livelihood improves multidimensional household poverty in China.Based on the panel data of the“China Health and Nutrition Survey”(CHNS)for 2004-2015,we measured the chronic multidimensional poverty index for Chinese households.We have created a multitiered model for empirical analysis.Our findings suggest that multidimensional poverty in China is predominantly capacity poverty.Fiscal spending on livelihoods significantly reduces multidimensional poverty for Chinese households,especially rural households.Investments on livelihoods are more poverty-reducing than transfer spending on livelihoods.As an innovation,this paper offers a dynamic analysis of the effects of livelihood spending on multidimensional household poverty controlling for heterogeneity between individual households and across regions.Our conclusion suggests that the government should improve policy arrangements to increase social opportunities and support sustainable development capacities for the poor,while enhancing protective social security systems.
文摘As an aspect of human capital,a positive association exists amongst health,productivity,and growth in output per capita.On the other hand,social infrastructure defined by the institution of governance has a direct effect on the environment upon which productive activities take place to determine outcomes.Nigeria like most African countries is bedevilled by the high prevalence of inadequate health financing and poor governance.Health financing for Nigeria consistently has fallen short of the AU health funding commitment of 15%of annual budgetary allocation to the health sector.Secondly,poor governance conditions available resources and shape the state of infrastructure,particularly health infrastructure and socioeconomic conditions.In turn,this determines individuals’level of exposure to health risks and their capacity to actively contribute to productive activity for growth stimulation and sustainability.Against this backdrop,this study added to the existing literature in the context of Nigeria,by theoretically applying the Solow augmented Mankiw-Romer-Weil structural model in the examination of the impact of government size and governance quality in the health sector,on economic growth.Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL)model was adopted in the estimation.Findings show that governance quality adversely affects growth and this reduces the capacity of health spending to stimulate growth by an almost equal margin.As a result,this study recommends legislative backing to the AU health funding commitment in Nigeria.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Research Funds of Renmin University of China[grant number.13XNJ017]Institute of China's Economic Reform&Development at Renmin University of China as the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education:Social Security System in China[grant number 14JJD790033].
文摘Does pollution drive up public spending on health care?This paper aims to answer such a crucial question empirically using a panel data set of 31 Chinese provinces during the period 1997–2014.In particular,this paper explores the non-stationarity and cointegration properties between health care expenditure and environmental indicators in a panel cointegration framework;in doing so,it examines both the long-run and the short-run impacts of the per capita provincial GDP,waste gas emissions,dust and smog emissions,and waste water emissions on the per capita public health expenditure.We apply panel unit root tests,heterogeneous panel cointegration tests,FMOLS techniques,and a panel-based error-correction model.The conclusion is that,both in the long run and in the short run,public health care expenditure is positively affected not only by the provincial economy but also by the environmental quality.
