Financial support is a crucial part of China's poverty alleviation effort.Thus,it is vital to understand how formal credit impacts income growth in rural households.In 2012,2015,and 2018,a survey was conducted to ...Financial support is a crucial part of China's poverty alleviation effort.Thus,it is vital to understand how formal credit impacts income growth in rural households.In 2012,2015,and 2018,a survey was conducted to obtain a panel dataset of 592 rural households from 6 poverty-stricken counties in western China,including counties in Guizhou,Yunnan,and Shaanxi provinces.We use the data to examine the effect of formal credit on rural household income and the mechanism that underlies this effect.We find that formal credit can significantly increase rural households'income in deprived areas in western China.Furthermore,formal credit promotes the reallocation of household labor from the agricultural sector to the non-agricultural sector and changes rural households'decisions about investment-consumption behavior.These are the drivers of changes in the amount and structure of household income.Further analyses show that formal credit may widen income inequality among rural households in western China's deprived areas.The individual characteristics of rural households,such as different levels of material capital,human capital,and social capital,bring about differences in the effects of formal credit on income growth.This study emphasizes that the implementation of formal credit is an essential strategy for poverty alleviation in underdeveloped areas,but policymakers should not excessively interfere with the financial market.展开更多
The attitude of the least advantaged people to income inequality is important in regard to social stability,which is also a major concern of the government and researchers in China.This paper aimed to investigate the ...The attitude of the least advantaged people to income inequality is important in regard to social stability,which is also a major concern of the government and researchers in China.This paper aimed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of the least advantaged people toward income inequality in China.An empirical analysis was conducted on farmers' attitudes to income inequality based on a questionnaire survey of 308 farmers in four villages in Yingshan,Hubei Province.Our results show that the respondents consider the income inequality as severe,and ability,hard work,and individual choices are the major determinant factors of income.It is shown that farmers in less developed areas are more likely to accept income inequality,and they ascribe this to their own failure rather than to social injustice.However,it is not the case that people living in poverty-stricken areas are satisfied with antipoverty policies;and these policies are expected to be further improved to increase the income of the poor.展开更多
从2008年1月至12月,对华西雨屏区光皮桦（Betula luminifera）林进行了模拟氮沉降试验,应用LI-8100土壤碳通量分析系统和气压过程分离（Barometric Process Separation,BaPS）技术分别研究了4个氮沉降水平0（CK）、5（L）、15（M）、30...从2008年1月至12月,对华西雨屏区光皮桦（Betula luminifera）林进行了模拟氮沉降试验,应用LI-8100土壤碳通量分析系统和气压过程分离（Barometric Process Separation,BaPS）技术分别研究了4个氮沉降水平0（CK）、5（L）、15（M）、30（H）g N.m^-2.a^-1下土壤呼吸的日变化和月动态。结果表明,土壤呼吸具有明显的季节动态,各处理土壤呼吸最高值均出现在7月份;氮沉降初期,各处理土壤呼吸差异不明显,5月份以后各氮沉降处理土壤呼吸开始表现出抑制效应,随着施氮浓度的增加,抑制效应愈加明显（CK〉L〉M〉H）;土壤呼吸日变化基本呈现单峰曲线,呼吸速率最高值一般出现在14：00—16：00。随着氮沉降的增加,对土壤呼吸产生的抑制效应增强,这可能与光皮桦林土壤本身的氮素状态有关。各处理土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度呈极显著指数正相关关系,对土壤呼吸与土壤温度和湿度的偏相关分析得出,温度能解释土壤呼吸的大部分变异（50.1%-79.8%）,是影响光皮桦林土壤呼吸的主导因子。随着氮沉降浓度的增加,土壤呼吸的Q10值减小,表明氮沉降可能降低了土壤呼吸的温度敏感性。展开更多
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71661147001)the National Social Science Fund of China(16ZDA021)the Guangzhou Social Science Fund,China(2018GZYB45)。
文摘Financial support is a crucial part of China's poverty alleviation effort.Thus,it is vital to understand how formal credit impacts income growth in rural households.In 2012,2015,and 2018,a survey was conducted to obtain a panel dataset of 592 rural households from 6 poverty-stricken counties in western China,including counties in Guizhou,Yunnan,and Shaanxi provinces.We use the data to examine the effect of formal credit on rural household income and the mechanism that underlies this effect.We find that formal credit can significantly increase rural households'income in deprived areas in western China.Furthermore,formal credit promotes the reallocation of household labor from the agricultural sector to the non-agricultural sector and changes rural households'decisions about investment-consumption behavior.These are the drivers of changes in the amount and structure of household income.Further analyses show that formal credit may widen income inequality among rural households in western China's deprived areas.The individual characteristics of rural households,such as different levels of material capital,human capital,and social capital,bring about differences in the effects of formal credit on income growth.This study emphasizes that the implementation of formal credit is an essential strategy for poverty alleviation in underdeveloped areas,but policymakers should not excessively interfere with the financial market.
基金National Social Science Foundation of China for financial support [grant No.11BZZ027]
文摘The attitude of the least advantaged people to income inequality is important in regard to social stability,which is also a major concern of the government and researchers in China.This paper aimed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of the least advantaged people toward income inequality in China.An empirical analysis was conducted on farmers' attitudes to income inequality based on a questionnaire survey of 308 farmers in four villages in Yingshan,Hubei Province.Our results show that the respondents consider the income inequality as severe,and ability,hard work,and individual choices are the major determinant factors of income.It is shown that farmers in less developed areas are more likely to accept income inequality,and they ascribe this to their own failure rather than to social injustice.However,it is not the case that people living in poverty-stricken areas are satisfied with antipoverty policies;and these policies are expected to be further improved to increase the income of the poor.
文摘从2008年1月至12月,对华西雨屏区光皮桦（Betula luminifera）林进行了模拟氮沉降试验,应用LI-8100土壤碳通量分析系统和气压过程分离（Barometric Process Separation,BaPS）技术分别研究了4个氮沉降水平0（CK）、5（L）、15（M）、30（H）g N.m^-2.a^-1下土壤呼吸的日变化和月动态。结果表明,土壤呼吸具有明显的季节动态,各处理土壤呼吸最高值均出现在7月份;氮沉降初期,各处理土壤呼吸差异不明显,5月份以后各氮沉降处理土壤呼吸开始表现出抑制效应,随着施氮浓度的增加,抑制效应愈加明显（CK〉L〉M〉H）;土壤呼吸日变化基本呈现单峰曲线,呼吸速率最高值一般出现在14：00—16：00。随着氮沉降的增加,对土壤呼吸产生的抑制效应增强,这可能与光皮桦林土壤本身的氮素状态有关。各处理土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度呈极显著指数正相关关系,对土壤呼吸与土壤温度和湿度的偏相关分析得出,温度能解释土壤呼吸的大部分变异（50.1%-79.8%）,是影响光皮桦林土壤呼吸的主导因子。随着氮沉降浓度的增加,土壤呼吸的Q10值减小,表明氮沉降可能降低了土壤呼吸的温度敏感性。
