Simple, reliable and sensitive analytical methods to determine anticariogenic agents, preservatives, and artificial sweeteners contained in commercial gargles are necessary for evaluating their effectiveness, safety, ...Simple, reliable and sensitive analytical methods to determine anticariogenic agents, preservatives, and artificial sweeteners contained in commercial gargles are necessary for evaluating their effectiveness, safety, and quality. An ion chroma-tography (IC) method has been described to analyze simultaneously eight anions including fluoride, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, monofluorophosphate, glycerophosphate (anticariogenic agents), sorbate (a preservative), and saccharin (an artificial sweetener) in gargles. In this IC system, we applied a mobile phased gradient elution with KOH, separation by IonPac AS18 columns, and suppressed conductivity detection. Optimized analytical conditions were further evaluated for accuracy. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the inter-day's retention time and peak area of all species were less than 0.938% and 8.731%, respectively, while RSDs of 5-day retention time and peak area were less than 1.265% and 8.934%, respectively. The correlation coefficients for targeted analytes ranged from 0.999 7 to 1.000 0. The spiked recoveries for the anions were 90%~102.5%. We concluded that the method can be applied for comprehensive evaluation of commercial gargles.展开更多
Objective: The ototoxicity of povidone-iodine has been documented in animal studies. However, there is limited evidence of these ototoxic effects in humans. This is the first report to show the ototoxic effects of pov...Objective: The ototoxicity of povidone-iodine has been documented in animal studies. However, there is limited evidence of these ototoxic effects in humans. This is the first report to show the ototoxic effects of povidoneiodine in a human subject.Patient: A 36-year-old woman came to our hospital complaining of left unilateral persistent hearing loss. One month before presentation, her child had accidentally struck her on her left ear. She applied approximately three drops of povidone-iodine(10% weight/volume) into her left auditory canal. Immediately after application, she felt severe pain and vertigo. An audiogram revealed severe left unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging showed mild enhancement of the left vestibule and basal turn of the left cochlea.Conclusions: Even a single application of povidone-iodine could cause significant hearing loss and disequilibrium. It should, therefore, be used with caution.展开更多
Postmilking teat dip is an important tool used to prevent mastitis in the modern dairy industry.In this study,we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo efficacies of a barrier teat dip containing povidone-iodine and chito...Postmilking teat dip is an important tool used to prevent mastitis in the modern dairy industry.In this study,we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo efficacies of a barrier teat dip containing povidone-iodine and chitosan for the prevention of mastitis.In experiment 1,we evaluated the antibacterial effects of chitosans with different molecular weights against six mastitis-causing bacteria based on the minimal inhibitory concentration test.The results showed that 50 k Da chitosan had the maximum antibacterial activity compared with 5,150 and 350 k Da chitosans.In experiment 2,the inhibition zone test indicated that the barrier teat dip with 4.0%povidone-iodine and 1.0%chitosan had higher(P<0.05)in vitro antibacterial efficacy against most tested mastitis-causing bacteria than the barrier teat dip with 4.0%povidone-iodine and no chitosan.In experiments 3 and 4,we evaluated the efficacies of two postmilking teat dips,1)a barrier teat dip containing 1.0%chitosan and 4.0%povidone-iodine and 2)a conventional nonbarrier product containing 10%povidone-iodine in a field trial at two commercial dairy herds(1 and 2).A 56-d split-udder experiment(experiment 3)was conducted using 47 lactating Chinese Holstein cows in herd 1.Both left teats were immersed in barrier postmilking dip,and both right teats were dipped with nonbarrier postmilking dip.During a 56-d split-herd experiment(experiment 4),a total of 139 lactating Chinese Holstein cows from herd 2 were allocated to two groups:1)all teats of 67 cows were dipped in the nonbarrier teat dip,and 2)all teats of 72 cows were dipped in the barrier teat dip.Milk samples were collected and analyzed for somatic cell count(SCC),fat content,protein content,and fat-to-protein ratio prior to the start of sampling(0 d),and at 28 and 56 d after initiation.Bacteriological analysis was only performed on milk samples with SCC≥200000 cells mL^(-1).In experiment 3,no differences(P>0.05)in SCC,somatic cell score(SCS)or other milk quality indicators were observed between nonbarrier and barrier teat dip treatment teats throughout the experiment.At the end of experiment 4,compared with nonbarrier teat dip group,a reduction(P<0.05)of 29%was observed for subclinical mastitis infection prevalence in the barrier teat dip group.In the barrier teat dip group,the subclinical mastitis infection prevalence on 56 d was lower(P<0.05)than 0 d.No differences(P>0.05)in milk qualities or clinical mastitis incidence were detected between groups.Bacteriological analysis demonstrated that the barrier product containing povidone-iodine and chitosan reduced the subclinical mastitis infection prevalence induced by mastitis pathogens.This effect was mainly due to the reductions in Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Escherichia fergusonii infections.Overall,the data indicated that a barrier teat dip containing 4%povidone-iodine and 1%chitosan was more effective than 10%povidone-iodine in preventing subclinical mastitis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Iodophor(povidone-iodine)is widely used clinically because of its broadspectrum antibacterial effects.Although extremely rare,it may cause anaphylactic shock,which itself carries the life-threatening risk o...BACKGROUND Iodophor(povidone-iodine)is widely used clinically because of its broadspectrum antibacterial effects.Although extremely rare,it may cause anaphylactic shock,which itself carries the life-threatening risk of cardiac arrest.CASE SUMMARY We present a case in which a patient with postoperative infection went into anaphylactic shock and cardiac arrest caused by povidone-iodine during secondary surgery.The patient was successfully resuscitated by 2 h of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.CONCLUSION This is the first known case of cardiac arrest caused by povidone-iodine allergy.展开更多
Background: Povidone-iodine (PVI) irrigation is currently used to decrease the frequency of postoperative surgical site infections. Ethanol (EtOH) is sometimes applied to prevent local recurrence after curettage of be...Background: Povidone-iodine (PVI) irrigation is currently used to decrease the frequency of postoperative surgical site infections. Ethanol (EtOH) is sometimes applied to prevent local recurrence after curettage of benign bone tumors. However, the effects of PVI and EtOH on surrounding soft tissue and on bone union are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PVI or EtOH adversely affects the cancellous bone healing of the osteotomy site at the proximal tibia in rats. Methods: A cancellous bone osteotomy was performed at the right proximal tibia in 4-month-old, female, Sprague Dawley rats. Vehicle, 10% PVI, or 95% EtOH-soaked gauze was inserted into the osteotomy site and maintained for 6 minutes. The rats were euthanized 2 or 4 weeks after the osteotomy. Results: Two weeks after treatment, the bone union rate was significantly higher in the vehicle group than in the PVI group and the EtOH group (p < 0.001). However, the bone union rate was not significantly different between the PVI and EtOH groups. There was no significant difference among the three groups in the bone union rate 4 weeks after treatment. Conclusion: PVI or EtOH delayed bone union of the cancellous bone osteotomy site of the proximal tibia in the early phase (2 weeks), but not at 4 weeks, in rats.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20375035 and 20527005)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (Nos. Z404105 and Y405415)the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2007C33016)
文摘Simple, reliable and sensitive analytical methods to determine anticariogenic agents, preservatives, and artificial sweeteners contained in commercial gargles are necessary for evaluating their effectiveness, safety, and quality. An ion chroma-tography (IC) method has been described to analyze simultaneously eight anions including fluoride, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, monofluorophosphate, glycerophosphate (anticariogenic agents), sorbate (a preservative), and saccharin (an artificial sweetener) in gargles. In this IC system, we applied a mobile phased gradient elution with KOH, separation by IonPac AS18 columns, and suppressed conductivity detection. Optimized analytical conditions were further evaluated for accuracy. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the inter-day's retention time and peak area of all species were less than 0.938% and 8.731%, respectively, while RSDs of 5-day retention time and peak area were less than 1.265% and 8.934%, respectively. The correlation coefficients for targeted analytes ranged from 0.999 7 to 1.000 0. The spiked recoveries for the anions were 90%~102.5%. We concluded that the method can be applied for comprehensive evaluation of commercial gargles.
文摘Objective: The ototoxicity of povidone-iodine has been documented in animal studies. However, there is limited evidence of these ototoxic effects in humans. This is the first report to show the ototoxic effects of povidoneiodine in a human subject.Patient: A 36-year-old woman came to our hospital complaining of left unilateral persistent hearing loss. One month before presentation, her child had accidentally struck her on her left ear. She applied approximately three drops of povidone-iodine(10% weight/volume) into her left auditory canal. Immediately after application, she felt severe pain and vertigo. An audiogram revealed severe left unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging showed mild enhancement of the left vestibule and basal turn of the left cochlea.Conclusions: Even a single application of povidone-iodine could cause significant hearing loss and disequilibrium. It should, therefore, be used with caution.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872324,31702142)the Jiangsu Modern Dairy Industry Technology System,China(JATS(2018)300)。
文摘Postmilking teat dip is an important tool used to prevent mastitis in the modern dairy industry.In this study,we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo efficacies of a barrier teat dip containing povidone-iodine and chitosan for the prevention of mastitis.In experiment 1,we evaluated the antibacterial effects of chitosans with different molecular weights against six mastitis-causing bacteria based on the minimal inhibitory concentration test.The results showed that 50 k Da chitosan had the maximum antibacterial activity compared with 5,150 and 350 k Da chitosans.In experiment 2,the inhibition zone test indicated that the barrier teat dip with 4.0%povidone-iodine and 1.0%chitosan had higher(P<0.05)in vitro antibacterial efficacy against most tested mastitis-causing bacteria than the barrier teat dip with 4.0%povidone-iodine and no chitosan.In experiments 3 and 4,we evaluated the efficacies of two postmilking teat dips,1)a barrier teat dip containing 1.0%chitosan and 4.0%povidone-iodine and 2)a conventional nonbarrier product containing 10%povidone-iodine in a field trial at two commercial dairy herds(1 and 2).A 56-d split-udder experiment(experiment 3)was conducted using 47 lactating Chinese Holstein cows in herd 1.Both left teats were immersed in barrier postmilking dip,and both right teats were dipped with nonbarrier postmilking dip.During a 56-d split-herd experiment(experiment 4),a total of 139 lactating Chinese Holstein cows from herd 2 were allocated to two groups:1)all teats of 67 cows were dipped in the nonbarrier teat dip,and 2)all teats of 72 cows were dipped in the barrier teat dip.Milk samples were collected and analyzed for somatic cell count(SCC),fat content,protein content,and fat-to-protein ratio prior to the start of sampling(0 d),and at 28 and 56 d after initiation.Bacteriological analysis was only performed on milk samples with SCC≥200000 cells mL^(-1).In experiment 3,no differences(P>0.05)in SCC,somatic cell score(SCS)or other milk quality indicators were observed between nonbarrier and barrier teat dip treatment teats throughout the experiment.At the end of experiment 4,compared with nonbarrier teat dip group,a reduction(P<0.05)of 29%was observed for subclinical mastitis infection prevalence in the barrier teat dip group.In the barrier teat dip group,the subclinical mastitis infection prevalence on 56 d was lower(P<0.05)than 0 d.No differences(P>0.05)in milk qualities or clinical mastitis incidence were detected between groups.Bacteriological analysis demonstrated that the barrier product containing povidone-iodine and chitosan reduced the subclinical mastitis infection prevalence induced by mastitis pathogens.This effect was mainly due to the reductions in Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Escherichia fergusonii infections.Overall,the data indicated that a barrier teat dip containing 4%povidone-iodine and 1%chitosan was more effective than 10%povidone-iodine in preventing subclinical mastitis.
文摘BACKGROUND Iodophor(povidone-iodine)is widely used clinically because of its broadspectrum antibacterial effects.Although extremely rare,it may cause anaphylactic shock,which itself carries the life-threatening risk of cardiac arrest.CASE SUMMARY We present a case in which a patient with postoperative infection went into anaphylactic shock and cardiac arrest caused by povidone-iodine during secondary surgery.The patient was successfully resuscitated by 2 h of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.CONCLUSION This is the first known case of cardiac arrest caused by povidone-iodine allergy.
文摘Background: Povidone-iodine (PVI) irrigation is currently used to decrease the frequency of postoperative surgical site infections. Ethanol (EtOH) is sometimes applied to prevent local recurrence after curettage of benign bone tumors. However, the effects of PVI and EtOH on surrounding soft tissue and on bone union are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PVI or EtOH adversely affects the cancellous bone healing of the osteotomy site at the proximal tibia in rats. Methods: A cancellous bone osteotomy was performed at the right proximal tibia in 4-month-old, female, Sprague Dawley rats. Vehicle, 10% PVI, or 95% EtOH-soaked gauze was inserted into the osteotomy site and maintained for 6 minutes. The rats were euthanized 2 or 4 weeks after the osteotomy. Results: Two weeks after treatment, the bone union rate was significantly higher in the vehicle group than in the PVI group and the EtOH group (p < 0.001). However, the bone union rate was not significantly different between the PVI and EtOH groups. There was no significant difference among the three groups in the bone union rate 4 weeks after treatment. Conclusion: PVI or EtOH delayed bone union of the cancellous bone osteotomy site of the proximal tibia in the early phase (2 weeks), but not at 4 weeks, in rats.
