Environmental life cycle assessment of Indian coal-fired power plants

Coal is the backbone of the Indian power sector. The coal-fired power plants remain the largest emitters of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and substantial amounts of nitrogen oxides, which are associated with climate and health impacts. Various CO2 mitigation technologies （carbon capture and storage--CCS） and SO2/NOx mitigation technologies （flue gas desulfurization and selective catalytic reduction） have been employed to reduce the environmental impacts of the coal-fired power plants. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the feasibility of various mitigation technologies employed. This paper attempts to perform environmental life cycle assessment （LCA） of Indian coal-fired power plant with and without CO2, SO2 and NOx mitigation controls. The study develops new normalization factors for India in various damage categories, using the Indian emissions and energy consumption data, coupled with the emissions and particulate emission to come up with a final environmental impact of coal-fired electricity. The results show a large degree of dependence on the perspective of assessment used. The impact of sensitivities of individual substances and the effect of plant efficiency on the final LCA results is also studied.

Multi-train modeling and simulation integrated with traction power supply solver using simplified Newton–Raphson method

Multi-train modeling and simulation plays a vital role in railway electrification during operation and planning phase. Study of peak power demand and energy consumed by each traction substation needs to be deter- mined to verify that electrical energy flowing in its railway power feeding system is appropriate or not. Gauss-Seidel, conventional Newton-Raphson, and current injection methods are well-known and widely accepted as a tool for electrical power network solver in DC railway power supply study. In this paper, a simplified Newton-Raphson method has been proposed. The proposed method employs a set of current-balance equations at each electrical node instead of the conventional power-balance equation used in the conventional Newton-Raphson method. This concept can remarkably reduce execution time and computing complexity for multi-train simulation. To evaluate its use, Sukhumvit line of Bangkok transit system （BTS） of Thai- land with 21.6-km line length and 22 passenger stopping stations is set as a test system. The multi-train simulation integrated with the proposed power network solver is developed to simulate 1-h operation service of selected 5-min headway. From the obtained results, the proposed method is more efficient with approximately 18 % faster than the conventional Newton-Raphson method and just over 6 % faster than the current injection method.

Key Problems of Cold Power Spinning of Ti-15-3 Alloy

The key problems of cold power spinning of Ti-15-3 alloy are studied. Reasonable billet preparation methods are presented to improve crystal structure and avoid crack of billet. Influences of original wall thickness, reduction rate and feed rate on expanding in diameter are analyzed and some methods to prevent expanding in diameter are given.

Investigation on some key problems of large power AC-DC-AC converter

China is an important country in iron and steel industry.Power electronics converters are widely used.For the cold rolling mills of high speed,AC-DC-AC converters should be used.In the paper,the design and the control system of the large power three-level AC - DC - AC converter with IGCTs is investigated,and a back-to-back large power three-level AC - DC - AC converter with IGCTs has been got. With a series experiments,the performance of the converter is examined.The experiment result indicates the converter reaches the design requirement and it shows excellent performance.The converter system has been put into use safely.It is estimated that the AC - DC - AC converter system will be used in the drive systems for rolling mills in the near future.

Review on Development of Chinese Power Industry in 2002-2006

The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held inNovember 2002. In the five years since then, great changes took place in Chinesepower industry. Power institutional reform was deepened; the construction ofboth power sources and power grids was speeded up; the tense situation of powersupply and demand was alleviated; the safety and reliability of power productionwere improved; the management on power tariff was standardized; environmentalprotection and energy conservation achieved good results; researches on newtechnologies made new achievements; and the operation of enterprises was im-proved.

一汽-大众奥迪连续四年蝉联J．D．Power销售及售后服务满意度双料冠军

近日，JDPOWer亚太公司发布2016年中国售后服务满意度研究（CSI）报告，一汽-大众奥迪再次拔得豪华车市场头筹，这也意味着奥迪连续四年蝉联JDPower中国汽车销售满意度研究SM（SSI）和中国售后服务满意度研究SM（CSI）豪华车品牌双料冠军，显示了客户极高的认可度。至此，一汽-大众奥迪以19次冠军的成绩当之无愧地成为中国豪华车市场摘得冠军总数最多的品牌。

一汽-大众奥迪连续四年蝉联J.D.Power销售及售后服务满意度双料冠军

近日,J.D.Power亚太公司发布2016年中国售后服务满意度研究SM（CSI）报告,一汽-大众奥迪再次拔得豪华车市场头筹,这也意味着奥迪连续四年蝉联J.DPower中国汽车销售满意度研究SM（SSI）和中国售后服务满意度研究SM（CSI）豪华车品牌双料冠军,显示了客户极高的认可度。

PB中实现通过神盾ICR-100M身份证阅读器读取身份证信息的方法

在许多应用系统中,需要输入用户的姓名、身份证号等身份证上的信息,为了保证信息输入的准确性,可以采用身份证阅读器读取第二代居民身份证的信息输入到应用程序中,本文主要探讨在Power Builder中,神盾ICR-100M身份证阅读器读取身份证信息的方法。

FEATURES OF THYRISTOR COMMUTATORS OPERATION OF WELDING CURRENT UNDER PULSED-ARC WELDING

This article presents the special requirements and features of the thyristor commutators of the welding current.Advantages of pulsed - arc welding are described.Specificity of the thyristor commutators op- eration is presented. Semiconductor converter simulation allowing to create the engineering calculating techniques are considered.

An efficient multi-relay selection scheme in cooperative communication system

Cooperative relaying has played an important role in rapid evolution of wireless communications.The cooperative performance strongly depends on the selected relays.In this paper,we concentrate on relay selection in amplify-and-forward(AF)cooperative communication system,and an optimal multi-relay selection scheme is put forward to minimize the average symbol error rate(SER)of the system.Firstly,for the minimum average SER,on the basis of the statistic channel information,we define a parameter named equivalent channel gain which describes the channel status of two phases in the cooperative process.Then,under the constraint of equal power allocation,an optimal relay selection scheme is proposed in ascending order of equivalent channel gain(ECG).The scheme implies that the suitable number of relay nodes should be selected under the different signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)ranges to minimize the average SER.Computer simulation results show that the average SER rate of the proposed scheme is lower than these of the other schemes.

A Steady-State Errors Correction Method for Eliminating Measurement Errors

This paper proposes a steady-state errors correction(SSEC)method for eliminating measurement errors.This method is based on the detections of error signal E(s)and output C(s)which generate an expected output R(s).In comparison with the conventional solutions which are based on detecting the expected output R(s)and output C(s)to obtain error signal E(s),the measurement errors are eliminated even the error might be at a significant level.Moreover,it is possible that the individual debugging by regulating the coefficient K for every member of the multiple objectives achieves the optimization of the open loop gain.Therefore,this simple method can be applied to the weak coupling and multiple objectives system,which is usually controlled by complex controller.The principle of eliminating measurement errors is derived analytically,and the advantages comparing with the conventional solutions are depicted.Based on the SSEC method analysis,an application of this method for an active power filter(APF)is investigated and the effectiveness and viability of the scheme are demonstrated through the simulation and experimental verifications.

一汽-大众车系EPC系统原理简介与故障案例分析（1）

EPC是Electronic Power Control的缩写，意思是发动机功率电子调节（即电子节气门）。在车辆维修工作中，EPC灯警告的故障比较常见，该灯报警意味着电子节气门系统内可能存在故障，而该系统的故障将影响车辆的正常使用。本文将对EPC系统的组成、功能和常见失效点进行介绍，并通过一些实际维修案例，介绍该系统故障的检测维修思路。

基于波长选择方法Modeling Power的黑木耳产地判别研究

应用近红外光谱技术结合波长选择方法(modeling power,MP)实现了黑木耳产地的快速准确判别。共收集4个产地240个黑木耳样本,通过光谱扫描,建立了最优的偏最小二乘(PLS)判别模型。同时应用MP选择对黑木耳产地判别的有效波长,作为输入变量,建立最小二乘-支持向量机(MP-LS-SVM)模型。比较了3种MP选择波长的阈值方法,分别为MP值大于0.95,0.90和(0.90+Peak),并建立了相应的MP-LS-SVM模型。以预测集样本的准确判别率作为模型评价标准,分别设定预测的残差绝对值标准0.1,0.2和0.5。预测结果表明,MP-LS-SVM(0.90+Peak)模型在残差标准为0.1,0.2和0.5时的判别效果均为最优,正确判别率分别为98.3%,100%和100%。说明ModelingPower是一种非常有效的波长选择方法,应用近红外光谱技术结合MP-LS-SVM进行黑木耳产地判别是可行的,并获得了满意的判别精度。

T．C．POWERS若干重要理论评述

本文就所收集到的文献对Ｐｏｗｅｒｓ部分理论进行了简要评述，以期正确认识和运用Ｐｏｗｅｒｓ理论。

Power Drive Xceed新型旋转导向工具在南海西部的首次应用

随着海上复杂井和丛式井的广泛应用,对其井身结构的要求越来越高,目前常规动力钻具和导向工具在浅层软地层造斜、浅层防碰和大斜度井电测等方面应用的局限性日益体现,需研制新工具克服其缺点。介绍了一种新型旋转导向工具Power Drive Xceed,是斯伦贝谢公司Power Drive旋转导向系统系列的最新产品,代表了旋转导向最新发展方向。阐述了该工具结构、工作原理、特点及发展现状,并结合在乐东22-1气田成功的现场应用,描述其使用效果,为该工具的推广应用和研究提供了有益参考。

J．D．Power and Associates收购亚汽资源公司（ARA）

J．D．Power and Associates（麦格劳-希尔旗下的一家公司）日前宣布了对亚汽资源公司（ARA）的收购，ARA是一家业界领先的从1993年起专业从事亚洲汽车行业企业营销战略和商务信息的咨询公司。J．D．Power and Associates基于用户之声的汽车质量调研、产品吸引力调研、可靠性和经销商表现调研被所有主流汽车厂商使用。这次并购的交易细节没有被公布。

A Tool for the Assessment of the Electromagnetic Forces in Power Distribution Transformers

This paper compares the estimated electromagnetic forces due to short circuits in power transformers using two computational models. The first model is based on approximate analytical expressions of the electromagnetic lbrces as they have been compiled in earlier versions of the IEC standard 60076-5. The second model is based on a finite element model of the transformer using the software FEMM （Finite Element Method Magnetics）. The paper shows how valid the analytical model is for design purposes. Results have been obtained and compared from both models in a number of actual power distribution transformers. It is possible to conclude that the analytical formulation provides satisfactory results for the design of power transformers compared to detailed finite element models. A tool has been designed for this purpose and the main features of it will be described in the paper.

J.D.Power 2017中国汽车售后服务满意度研究发布

奥迪、北京现代分别斩获豪华品牌、主流车细分市场第一吉利脱颖而出7月27日,J.D.Powe(r君迪)在北京举行2017中国汽车售后服务满意度研究(CSI)新闻发布暨研讨会。此次发布会公布了2017年中国汽车售后服务满意度排名。其中,奥迪以764分连续五年蝉联豪华车细分市场汽车售后满意度冠军。保时捷、路虎分别以758分、752分位居第二、三位。在主流车细分市场中,北京现代以744分位列第一,东风悦达起亚以742分位列第二。值得一提的是,

Electricity generation by Pseudomonas putida B6-2 in microbial fuel cells using carboxylates and carbohydrate as substrates

Microbial fuel cells(MFCs)employing Pseudomonas putida B6-2(ATCC BAA-2545)as an exoelectrogen have been developed to harness energy from various conventional substrates,such as acetate,lactate,glucose,and fructose.Owing to its metabolic versatility,P.putida B6-2 demonstrates adaptable growth rates on diverse,cost-effective carbon sources within MFCs,exhibiting distinct energy production characteristics.Notably,the anode chamber’s pH rises with carboxylates’(acetate and lactate)consumption and decreases with carbohydrates’(glucose and fructose)utilization.The MFC utilizing fructose as a substrate achieved the highest power density at 411 mW m^(−2).Initial analysis revealed that P.putida B6-2 forms biofilms covered with nanowires,contributing to bioelectricity generation.These microbial nanowires are likely key players in direct extracellular electron transport through physical contact.This study established a robust foundation for producing valuable compounds and bioenergy from common substrates in bioelectrochemical systems(BESs)utilizing P.putida as an exoelectrogen.

Design and Analysis of 120-μm Core Rod-Type Photonic Crystal Fiber for High Power 1.5-μm Band Amplifier

We report the design and analysis of a rod-type photonic crystal fiber with Er-Yb co-doped for the high power 1.5-μm band amplifier.The fiber structure is designed to be the 120-μm extreme large core diameter,300-μm inner cladding diameter,and 1.5-mm outer cladding diameter that ensure the single mode output during high power amplification.Both the continuous wave(CW) and pulsed amplification characteristics are analyzed based on the exact modeling and simulation under the designed geometry.The 4-mJ pulse energy and 400-kW peak power are obtained in theory,so the 1.5-μm band amplifier that achieves milojoule level pulse energy meanwhile keeping single mode is firstly designed.