Period-doubling bifurcation in two-stage power factor correction converters using the method of incremental harmonic balance and Floquet theory

In this paper, period-doubling bifurcation in a two-stage power factor correction converter is analyzed by using the method of incremental harmonic balance （IHB） and Floquet theory. A two-stage power factor correction converter typically employs a cascade configuration of a pre-regulator boost power factor correction converter with average current mode control to achieve a near unity power factor and a tightly regulated post-regulator DC-DC Buck converter with voltage feedback control to regulate the output voltage. Based on the assumption that the tightly regulated postregulator DC-DC Buck converter is represented as a constant power sink and some other assumptions, the simplified model of the two-stage power factor correction converter is derived and its approximate periodic solution is calculated by the method of IHB. And then, the stability of the system is investigated by using Floquet theory and the stable boundaries are presented on the selected parameter spaces. Finally, some experimental results are given to confirm the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.

A new high-performance AC/DC power factor correction switching converter based on one-cycle control technology and active floating-charge technology

A new family of converters,high-performance AC/DC power factor correction(PFC) switching converters with one-cycle control technology and active floating-charge technology,was derived and experimentally verified.The topology of a single-phase CCM and DCM Boost-PFC switching converter was also analyzed.Its operating prniciples and control methods were expounded.Based on these,a new type of AC/DC switching converter circuits for PFC combined with one-cycle control technology was presented herein.The proposed AC/DC switching converter significantly helps improve the converter efficiency and its power factor value.

Performance Evaluation of a Permanent Magnet Electric-Drive- Reconfigured Onboard Charger with Active Power Factor Correction

This paper presents a comprehensive charging operation for an electric-drive-reconfigured onboard charger(EDROC)with active power factor correction(APFC).The charging topology exclusively utilizes the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)propulsion system as a three-channel boost-type converter in which only a contactor and a small diode bridge are added.First,the operation scenario of the EDROC is introduced.Second,the relationship between electromagnetic torque and rotor position is investigated.Third,the current ripple cancellation of the EDROC is discussed in detail.Moreover,to implement the single-phase APFC along with charging voltage/current regulation of propulsion battery,control strategies including current balancing and synchronous/interleaving PWM strategies are incorporated.Finally,200W proof-of-concept prototype-based tests are conducted under different operation scenarios.

An Improved Non-isolated LED Converter with Power Factor Correction and Average Current Mode Control

A new type of high power LED drivers is proposed by adopting an improved two-stages non-isolated configuration. In order to improve power factor and achieve accurate average current control under universal input voltages ranging from 100 Vrms to 240 Vrms, the power factor correction and average current mode control methods operating in continuous current conduction mode are designed and implemented. With the LUMILEDS emitter type LEDs, a laboratory prototype is built and measured. And from the measured results, it could be concluded that the proposed driver has many better performances such as high power factor, low current harmonic, accurate average current control and switch protection.

Power Factor Correction Rectifier with a Variable Frequency Voltage Source in Vehicular Application

This paper presents a PFCVF (Power Factor Correction) rectifier that uses a variable frequency source for alternators for electric and hybrid vehicles application. In such application, the frequency of the signal in the alternator changes according to the vehicle speed, more over the loading effect on the alternator introduces harmonic currents and increases the alternator apparent power requirements. To overcome these problems and aiming more stability and better design of the alternator, a new third harmonic injection technique is proposed. This technique allows to preserve a good THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of the input source at any frequency and to decrease losses in semiconductors switches, thereby allowing more stability and reducing the apparent power requirements. A comparative study between the standard and the new technique is made and highlights the effectiveness of the new design. A detailed analysis of the proposed topology is presented and simulations as well as experimental results are shown.

The Security Correction of Large Consumers Long-Term Direct Power Trading Based on DC Power Transfer Distribution Factor

The experiments of large consumers direct power trading is conducting in china nationwide, and it’s important to the reform of electricity market. To compensated efficiencies in security correction of large consumers direct power trading, a novel security correction method based on DC power transfer distribution factor was proposed. Using the presented method to comply security correction, all the transactions that satisfy the specific requirements of maximizing social welfare are able to enter security correction process, and when the power of transmission line is out of limit, this method avoid the transaction which causes this problem is abandoned directly by introducing supplement transactions. The simulation has shown that the proposed security correction method of large consumers direct power trading based on DC power transfer distribution factor is effective.

Comparison and Evaluation of Power Factor Correction Topologies for Industrial Applications

Power factor correction is a major issue for all industries, since a typical industrial load is causing current delays, as well as higher order current harmonics. Power factor correction is often mandatory from the power companies, usually by charging the reactive power that the company consumes. Many solutions for power factor correction have been presented in the bibliography;in this paper, the most significant power factor correction topologies will be reviewed and simulated with SABER RD software. Finally, a prototype design will be presented, based on a mass/cost analysis of the selected topologies and with an aim to manufacture 10 kW modules. The main outcome of this work is the feasibility for an SME to manufacture a competitive modular power factor correction product for industrial applications.

Single-stage active clamp power factor correction AC/DC converter

A simple single-stage AC/DC converter circuit with active clamp is presented. The operation theory and state are analyzed. The experimental results show that the voltage across main switch can be clamped to a certain value,and zero voltage switching (ZVS) can be achieved. The voltage stress and switching loss are both decreased. In range of the whole load,power factors can be always more than 97%,and the highest efficiency can reach 88%.

New DCM Operated Single Phase Bridgeless Cuk Derived Converters for Power Factor Correction

This paper presents a power factor corrected (PFC) new bridgeless (BL) Cuk Topologies for low power applications. A BL configuration of Cuk converter is proposed which eliminates the usage of diode bridge rectifier at the front end of the PFC converter, thus reducing the switching and conduction losses coupled with it. This new BL Cuk converter has two semiconductors switches. The current flow during each switching cycle interval of the converter reduces the conduction losses compared to the conventional Cuk PFC converter. It also reduces the input current ripple and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). The inrush current during the starting period is limited and the input, output currents of the converter are continuous with minimum current ripple. Hence it is preferred mostly compared to other PFC circuits. The proposed topology works in the Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) with simple control circuitry to achieve almost a unity power factor with less distortion in the input AC current. The switching of the power switches is done under zero current. The proposed PFC topologies are theoretically investigated and performance comparisons are made with the conventional rectifiers. The proposed PFC converter is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK with Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and results are demonstrated to evaluate the effectiveness of the controller.

一类三电平伪图腾柱无桥PFC变换器

针对传统二极管钳位型三电平整流器在单相电源前级功率校正(power factor correction,PFC)电路应用场景下全控开关器件数量多的问题,该文基于3种传统无桥PFC电路进行三电平电路拓扑设计,提出一类三电平伪图腾柱PFC电路(single-phase three-level pseudo totem-pole PFC circuit,STPT-PFC),该类三电平PFC具有双电感支路桥臂,两者相互配合工作为输入电流提供路径,在正负半周两电感支路桥臂工作于不同模态可有效降低分别流过两电感的电流;基于该类PFC的一个代表性电路,从工作电流路径过程、关键波形和调制脉冲分配等方面对其进行工作原理分析,并对其它电路进行电路特性总结,推导桥臂对地电压电平特性与开关脉冲分配的数学关系式。另外,该类STPT-PFC共有5种结构,结合该类STPT-PFC结构特点,提出统一区间判断条件的双层载波调制技术,该类STPT-PFC具有相同开关器件不同拓扑结构可采用同一调制方案的特点,便于该类调制技术移植。最后,基于STPT-PFC-I电路设计1台额定功率1 kW、直流输出电压400 V的实验样机,从稳态及动态两方面进行实验分析,实验结果验证所提出一类三电平伪图腾柱PFC电路的可行性和三电平统一双层调制方法的有效性。

基于PFC电路直流纹波抑制的二阶自适应滑模控制器设计

文中提出一种背靠背型中性点钳位式(back-to-back neutral point clamped,BT-NPC)功率因数校正(power factor correction,PFC)电路,并设计二阶自适应滑模控制方法用于提高电路鲁棒性与降低电流谐波含量。首先,分析所提三电平PFC电路工作特性,推导该电路的等效模型及其模态扰动,并分析模态扰动量对其工作特性的影响;然后,结合高阶滑模理论与自适应控制两者的优点,设计二阶自适应滑模控制器,既使电路具有变结构控制的良好鲁棒性,又能最大限度的减小控制震颤。同时,基于电流带宽分析,设计比例谐振控制器补偿交流电流与工频相位,并设计基于扩张状态观测器的直流电压采样滤波方法,用于消除二倍频纹波造成的电流谐波影响。最后,基于BT-NPC电路,搭建220 V/50 Hz、1 kW/400 V的实验样机,实验结果验证所提变换器的可行性和控制方法的有效性。

混合工作模态的高功率因数无桥Buck PFC变换器

AC-DC降压型功率因数校正PFC(power factor correction)变换器广泛应用于低压场合,为解决该类拓扑因输入电流死区导致功率因数PF(power factor)低、输入电流总谐波THDi(total harmonic distortions of input current)高的问题,首先引入Buck-Boost单元以构建1种高PF的混合工作模态降压型无桥PFC变换器,其在正、负半个工频周期分别工作在Buck和Buck-Boost模式。虽然Buck-Boost单元效率低于Buck单元,但所提变换器在负半工频周期运行于Buck-Boost模式,可以避免输入电流死区以提高PF并降低THDi。在正半工频周期运行于Buck模式,变换器仍保留Buck单元的高效率优势。其次,通过分析所提无桥变换器工作模态与PF值来证明变换器的高PF特性。最后,通过仿真实验,验证所提变换器的可行性和理论分析的正确性,并比较所提变换器与传统Buck PFC变换器的性能。

Boost型PFC变换器的自适应超螺旋全局滑模控制

针对Boost型功率因数校正(PFC)变换器,提出一种自适应超螺旋全局滑模控制(ASTTSMC)方法。该方法可以保证PFC变换器在理想工作条件下具备良好的性能,并且在面对负载突变、电网电压波动和电感参数变化等系统不确定性情况下时仍然能够保持全局鲁棒性。在控制律的设计中,采用全局滑模控制作为基准模型,从而确保系统在整个响应过程都具有鲁棒性;同时,切换项采用自适应超螺旋算法,考虑系统不确定项,通过自适应超螺旋算法中的切换增益参数来改善系统潜在的“抖振”现象;此外,基于李雅普诺夫稳定定理证明了所设计控制系统的稳定性。实验结果表明,在理想工作条件下和系统存在不确定性的情况下,该方法都能够有效改善网测电流的质量和提高变换器的功率因数,验证了该方法的有效性和所设计控制器的鲁棒性。

抗寄生参数变动的无电流采样图腾柱PFC控制

针对无电流采样图腾柱功率因数校正(PFC)采用占空比直接计算受寄生参数变动影响导致输入电流畸变的问题,此处提出一种抗寄生参数变动的无电流采样控制策略。首先分析图腾柱PFC的工作原理,建立开关平均等效模型,由此推导包含寄生参数的占空比表达式;然后分析输入电流与输出低频纹波电压之间的关系,通过控制低频纹波角频率与移相角来改善输入电流波形;最后搭建样机完成稳态和瞬态测试。在额定功率为1 000 W时,实现400V的恒压输出和0.998的功率因数,变换器效率可达98.35%。

基于SiC功率器件的PFC电路设计

利用碳化硅场效应管(SiC MOSFET)的特性,结合MC33262功率因数控制芯片,设计一款具有负压关断作用且输出400 V、250 W,效率为97%左右的功率因数校正(PFC)电路.该电路能够降低MOS管的开关损耗,提高电源功率因数,抑制电压与电流谐波系数,提升电源利用率以及稳定性.

一种Boost PFC电路改进VOT控制策略研究

为了解决恒定导通时间(COT)控制策略下负向谐振电流和输入滤波电容引起功率因数(PF)和总谐波失真(THD)性能变差的问题,提出一种改进变导通时间(VOT)的控制策略。通过自适应增加导通时间以抵消负向谐振电流,减小相位差,使电感平均电流在工频周期内接近正弦波,并分析其工作原理与控制过程。结合主电路设计关键参数,研制1台额定功率320 W的样机,进行COT控制策略和改进VOT控制策略的对比实验。计算机仿真和实验结果表明,改进VOT控制策略在265 V高电压输入20%负载工作时,PF值由0.726提升至0.801,THD由27.92%降低至18.4%;在40%~100%负载时满足PF>0.9、THD<15%的要求,验证所提控制策略的有效性。

一种BCM Boost PFC电路的VCFF控制策略

临界导通模式Boost功率因素校正(PFC)电路通常采用恒定导通时间(COT)控制策略,导致开关频率的变化与输入电压、输出功率以及电感有关,轻载下过高的开关频率将影响电路的转换效率,故提出一种谷底计数频率反走(VCFF)控制策略。通过检测MOS管两端电压谷底计数,使电路轻载时工作在断续模式,从而降低开关频率以提升轻载效率。实验结果表明,相比于COT控制策略,所提控制策略能够有效提高轻载效率。输入电压为220 Vrms下,10%~50%负载时效率在0.96以上。

基于充电车棚多PFC系统建模及稳定性分析

电动车棚充电系统中的多功率因数矫正(power factor correction,PFC)变换器可能引起系统出现高幅度周期性阻尼震荡,严重时危及系统稳定运行。对此,结合阻抗建模对PFC变换器进行综合分析,探讨变换器台数对系统稳定性的影响。以多PFC连接系统为研究对象建立多PFC变换器阻抗模型,采用奈奎斯特稳定性判据,从接入系统变换器数量和系统源阻抗大小两方面研究多PFC连接系统稳定性变化规律。运用Simulink仿真平台搭建多PFC变换器并联接入电动车棚充电系统仿真模型,验证理论分析的有效性。仿真结果表明,随着变换器数量增加,系统总电流畸变程度增加,伴随源阻抗变化,畸变程度进一步加剧增至原有的70%。面对多PFC连接系统,系统谐波震荡水平与PFC变换器数量呈正相关,伴随源阻抗的改变,谐波震荡水平将进一步加剧。

交错图腾柱PFC改进平均电流控制策略研究

针对工作在连续导通模式下,图腾柱无桥(TTPL)功率因数校正(PFC)电路输入电流总谐波畸变率(THD)较大和系统动态响应不足的问题,此处研究了一种两相交错并联图腾柱PFC拓扑结构。根据该拓扑结构,分析了传统比例积分(PI)控制器在电流跟踪控制的局限性,提出了一种优化输入电流THD的PFC复合控制策略。该数字复合控制策略电流内环采用比例谐振(PR)控制器,改善了系统环路的动态响应性能,通过引入自适应陷波滤波器滤除电压外环二次谐波,提高了系统的抗扰动性能。同时采用了基于双极控制的过零点尖峰电流抑制策略,有效改善变换器的输入电流畸变。最后通过二阶广义积分(SOGI)锁相环对变换器电流内环超前效应进行补偿,进一步抑制输入电感电流尖峰。Matlab仿真结果表明,该控制策略可有效地减小网侧电流畸变,相比平均电流控制网侧输入电流THD下降了1.79%,并提升了输出侧的动态响应指标。

基于退火PSO-PI与重复PR的图腾柱PFC

功率因数校正(power factor correction,PFC)被广泛应用于车载充电机以提高充电效率、减小对电网产生的谐波污染。本文常用的双闭环比例积分(proportional integration,PI)控制的基础上,研究了退火粒子群算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO-PI)和改进重复比例谐振(proportional resonance,PR)控制,通过退火PSO算法对电压环的PI控制器参数进行优化,提高了响应速度;将电流环由PI控制变为改进重复PR控制,以解决PI控制对高频信号跟踪能力弱的缺点,并选用了近几年比较热门的图腾柱PFC拓扑结构,最终提高了响应速度,降低总谐波畸变率(total harmonic distortion rate,THD)。最后通过Matlab/Simulink仿真验证了控制策略的正确性,相比传统的图腾柱PFC,响应速度得到一定提高,THD值降低了2.07%。