Design and implementation of power and phase feedback control system for ICRH on EAST

Ion cyclotron wave resonance heating(ICRH) is one of the most important auxiliary methods to heat plasma in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST). Several megawatts of power is transmitted through separate coaxial lines and coupled with the plasma through arrays of loop antennas. The parameters of the ICRH system, including the injected power and phasing between antenna straps, are critical to the coupling efficiency of the power as well as the resulting impact on the heating efficiency. In this paper, we present a system for feedback control of the phase between the current straps and the ICRH power on EAST. The feedback control system was tested using both a matched dummy load and a plasma load, and it successfully maintained stable operation in the 2016 EAST campaign. Good control of the injected power and wave phases was achieved during edgelocalized mode operation.

Resilient Fixed-Order Distributed Dynamic Output Feedback Load Frequency Control Design for Interconnected Multi-Area Power Systems

The paper proposes a novel H∞ load frequency control(LFC) design method for multi-area power systems based on an integral-based non-fragile distributed fixed-order dynamic output feedback(DOF) tracking-regulator control scheme. To this end, we consider a nonlinear interconnected model for multiarea power systems which also include uncertainties and timevarying communication delays. The design procedure is formulated using semi-definite programming and linear matrix inequality(LMI) method. The solution of the proposed LMIs returns necessary parameters for the tracking controllers such that the impact of model uncertainty and load disturbances are minimized. The proposed controllers are capable of receiving all or part of subsystems information, whereas the outputs of each controller are local. These controllers are designed such that the resilient stability of the overall closed-loop system is guaranteed. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Simulation results quantify that the distributed(and decentralized) controlled system behaves well in presence of large parameter perturbations and random disturbances on the power system.

Improved spectrum sharing algorithm based on feedback control information in cognitive radio networks

In order to avoid the system performance deterioration caused by the wireless fading channel and imperfect channel estimation in cognitive radio networks, the spectrum sharing problem with the consideration of feedback control information from the primary user is analyzed. An improved spectrum sharing algorithm based on the combination of the feedback control information and the optimization algorithm is proposed. The relaxation method is used to achieve the approximate spectrum sharing model, and the spectrum sharing strategy that satisfies the individual outage probability constraints can be obtained iteratively with the observed outage probability. Simulation results show that the proposed spectrum sharing algorithm can achieve the spectrum sharing strategy that satisfies the outage probability constraints and reduce the average outage probability without causing maximum transmission rate reduction of the secondary user.

Study on Transformer Magnetic Biasing Control Method for AC Power Supplies

This paper presents a novel transformer magnetic biasing control method for high-power high-performance AC power supplies. Serious consequences due to magnetic biasing and several methods to overcome magnetic biasing are first discussed. The causes of the transformer magnetic biasing are then analyzed in detail. The proposed method is based on a high-pass filter inserted in the forward path and the feedforward control. Without testing magnetic biasing of transformer, this method can eliminate magnetic biasing of transformer completely in real-time waveform feedback control systems though the zero error of the Hall effect sensors varies with time and temperature. The method has already been employed in a 90KVA AC power supply. It is shown that it offers improved performance over existing ones. In this method, no sensors are used such that the zero error of the Hall effect sensors has not any influence on the system. It is simple to design and implement. Furthermore, the method is suitable for various power applications.

Design of Controller for New EAST Fast Control Power Supply

The effectiveness of the magnetic confinement of plasma can be improved by elongat- ing the plasma cross-section in tokamak devices. But elongated plasma has vertical displacement instability, so a feedback control system is needed to restrain the plasma＇s vertical displacement. A fast control power supply is needed to excite the active feedback coils, which produces a magnetic field to control the plasma＇s displacement. With the development of EAST, the fast control power supply needs to keep on enhancing the fast response and output current. The structure of a new power supply is introduced in this paper. The method of multiple inverters paralleled with the current sharing reactor is presented to meet the need for large current and fast control. According to the design demands of the EAST fast control power supply, the adjuster of the current close loop is applied to the inverter, which can advance its ability to restrain the loop current in low frequency and DC output. The result of the experiment confirms the validity of the proposed scheme and control strategy.

Simulation of the Growth Rate of Vertical Displacement Events and the Requirement of Active Feedback Power Supply in EAST

An axisymmetric rigid plasma RZIP model for the EAST electromagnetic system is developed. Based on this model, the open loop vertical growth rates for various EAST equilibrium configurations generated by EFIT are calculated and the closed loop stability is analyzed. The design of the PD （proportional and derivative） feedback controller and the requirement for the fast control power supply are also discussed.

三阶三次幂非线性混沌电路的自适应反馈控制和H_(∞)控制

针对三阶三次幂非线性混沌电路,研究其控制问题.首先,给出系统的Lyapunov指数和混沌吸引子,验证系统存在复杂的混沌现象;其次,用自适应反馈控制方法和H_(∞)状态反馈控制方法,设计参数已知和参数未知的自适应反馈控制器以及H_(∞)状态反馈控制器,将混沌系统状态稳定到平衡点上;最后,通过MATLAB软件进行数值仿真验证控制器的有效性,并对两种控制器的控制效果进行比较.

“电力电子技术基础”闭环型教学控制模型分析与实践

自动控制原理中的反馈闭环控制结构可以消除设定值与输出值之间的误差,使输出值跟随设定值或输入值。本文给出几种单闭环或双闭环反馈型教学控制结构,在与自动控制原理中反馈闭环控制结构进行对比分析后,分析了反馈型教学控制结构的工作原理,并给出了过去反馈型教学控制获得的经验,表明反馈型教学控制结构概念清晰,互操作性强,执行效率高,可扩展性强,易于推广应用。

考虑功率反馈的短波发射机波束自动控制方法

由于传统相位或幅度控制方法无法实时监测短波发射机输出功率,导致波束指向控制精度较低。文章提出考虑功率反馈的短波发射机波束自动控制方法,构建短波发射机数学模型作为被控对象,监测并调制短波发射机的输出功率信号,将监测信号传输到自动调谐控制器中,控制器根据监测信号与目标信号之间的偏差,对短波发射机放大器的增益进行调整,实现对发射机波束指向的自动控制。实验结果表明,在该设计方法控制下短波发射机波束指向偏移量为0.6°,控制效果良好。

单相级联H桥整流器电压平衡与纹波抑制策略研究

对传统单相级联H桥整流器主电路加以改进,增加了功率解耦桥臂,建立了数学模型,并对电压平衡和纹波抑制策略进行了研究。首先,整体回路采用双闭环控制,通过二阶广义积分方法优化了基波信号的提取方案;其次,对系统功率平衡关系进行推导,建立网侧电流和电容电压平方的一次关系模型,并引入可变比例环节,有效提升系统抵御参数变化的鲁棒性;然后,采用独立式Buck型有源功率解耦控制策略,通过运算实时分配解耦桥臂开关管占空比,设计自适应选频器分离二次纹波信号,实现对直流母线二次纹波电压脉动的抑制。最后,基于Matlab/Simulink软件进行试验验证,所提方法能够有效地解决电压平衡和二次纹波功率抑制问题。

基于直接转速控制的风电机组最大功率点跟踪策略研究

通过分析各风速下风轮气动转矩特性及发电机在各最大功率跟踪点转矩-转速运行轨迹,依据风电机组在最大功率点上风轮气动转矩与发电机转矩平衡的原理,提出基于发电机电磁转矩的动态最优转速的计算方法,然后以该最优转速为控制目标,设计基于转速偏差的反馈控制器,并做恒转速区与变转速区的控制效果分析。仿真与现场测试表明,该直接转速控制策略可实现最大功率点跟踪,在恒转速区与变转速区具有统一的控制方式,控制逻辑简单实用,有望在风电行业推广,有较好的应用前景。

电网电压不平衡下MMC-SST反馈线性化滑模控制策略

将模块化多电平变流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)投入到固态变压器(solid state transformer,SST)系统中时通常采用比例积分微分(proportional integral derivative,PID)控制方法,但这种策略存在参数选取繁杂、动态性能较差的缺点。为了提高系统的动态性能并简化参数选取,提出了MMC-SST反馈线性化滑模控制策略。首先建立了MMC-SST整体仿真模型。然后建立了采用反馈线性化滑模控制的MMC-SST控制模型。最后利用MATLAB/Simulink平台将所提的控制方法与常规PID控制策略作了仿真比较,验证了所提反馈线性化滑模控制策略具备参数选择容易、动态性能优良的优势。

基于LESO的MMC-RPC反馈线性化直接功率控制

模块化多电平铁路功率调节器作为一个耦合的多变量非线性系统,传统PI控制的直接功率控制难以实现对系统的精确解耦.本文提出了一种基于线性扩张状态观测器的反馈线性化直接功率控制方法,根据Lie导数构建了模块化多电平铁路功率调节器(MMC-RPC)两输入/两输出功率仿射模型,设计了精确反馈线性化功率解耦控制器.针对不确定因素等扰动对精确反馈线性化控制效果的影响,设计了线性扩张状态观测器对扰动进行观测和补偿,实现了功率的精确跟踪控制.最后,通过MATLAB/Simulink平台搭建仿真模型对所提控制方法进行了验证.

电动汽车续驶里程影响因素分析

电动汽车因操作便捷、噪声低、节能环保等特点,已成为人们出行的首选交通工具之一。续驶里程作为电动汽车的关键性能之一,广受关注。分析了影响续驶里程的能量流向,然后以能量流向为基础,分析了电动汽车的整车参数、动力电池、电机及其控制器系统、制动能量回收等因素对续驶里程的影响,展望了未来电动汽车续驶里程增加的方向。

基于粒子群算法的互联电网AGC随机最优控制系统

电信号输出量变化会影响有功功率与电量总功率之间的平衡关系,从而使电网频率发生偏移。针对此问题,设计基于粒子群算法的互联电网AGC随机最优控制系统。以AGC架构为基础对预测控制器实施滚动优化与反馈校正处理,完成控制系统的功能结构分析。在此基础上建立粒子群算法模型,根据自然频率特性系数求解结果,确定区域频率偏差指标的取值范围,完善互联电网控制策略,实现互联电网AGC随机最优控制。对比实验结果显示,随着电信号输出量的增大,所设计系统的有功功率与电量总功率之间的配比始终不会小于75%,不会造成电网频率偏移情况。

Improved MPPT Control Based on the Reduction of Tracking Range

考虑到基于转矩调整的改进方法存在难以获取最优调整状态的问题，该文针对传统功率曲线法提出收缩风机转速的跟踪区间、减小跟踪路程的改进思路，以优化风机最大功率点跟踪的性能。在此基础上，设计出根据平均风速，周期性的调整起始发电转速的改进功率曲线法。其设计机理在于风速平均值恰好反映了风速及风能量集中分布的区间。因此，最优转速跟踪区间与平均风速存在数量上的直接关系而变得容易预估，且无需迭代搜索。与目前基于调整转矩的改进方法相比，该文所提方法不仅提高了风能捕获效率，且简单易行。最后，通过对模拟风速序列的仿真计算与比较分析，验证了该方法的有效性和先进性。

基于正弦函数的自动驾驶电动汽车换道控制系统设计

由于交通道路环境具有不确定性,为实现对换道行为的有效控制,对基于正弦函数的自动驾驶电动汽车换道控制系统进行了研究;利用正弦型三相逆变控制电源输入的电力信号,驱动换道模拟平台与换道信息通信编码器,完成自动驾驶电动汽车换道控制系统的各级应用部件设计;筛选出关键的换道片段,在此基础上,提取始末换道位置,构建车道中心线势场,定义具体的换道轨迹簇,生成控制所需的电动汽车换道轨迹簇;根据安全换道车距的正弦函数计算结果,搭建反馈控制器闭环,并利用该模型实施对换道轨迹的控制与规划,实现基于正弦函数的汽车换道行为控制,联合各级应用结构,完成自动驾驶电动汽车换道控制系统的设计;实验结果表明,上述系统不会因不及时换道导致自动驾驶电动汽车的行车碰撞问题,且能够准确识别道路中的障碍物,提升行车安全;该系统的设计和实现为自动驾驶电动汽车的发展和应用提供了有益的参考和启示。

燃-燃联合动力系统并车控制方法优化

为提高燃-燃联合动力系统的动态性能,本文对系统运行模式切换过程的并车控制方法进行了研究。依据动力学与热力学原理,采用多平台集成仿真的方法建立了由三轴燃气轮机、螺旋桨和传动装置组成的燃-燃联合动力系统的集成仿真模型。在此基础上,将线性自抗扰控制与平行功率反馈策略相结合,提出了PD-ADRC串级控制方法,建立了并车控制器模型,对燃-燃联合动力系统的并车和解列过程进行了仿真研究。结果表明:PD-ADRC串级控制可以有效控制燃-燃联合动力系统的并车、解列过程,负荷转移时不会出现功率超调与振荡现象,与传统PID控制相比,可以有效提高燃-燃联合动力系统的动态性能。

基于不对称正负反馈效应的PQ功率控制并网逆变器稳定性分析

针对弱电网下PQ功率控制并网逆变器的稳定性问题,该文通过构建有功/无功环的小信号控制框图,首次揭示弱电网下PQ功率控制是一种不对称控制的本质,即无功环控制器会在有功和无功控制环中形成不对称的正负反馈环路。同时,基于PQ功率环小信号控制框图的不对称现象,揭示有功/无功环控制器参数变化对并网逆变器稳定性影响存在差异性的机理,指出无功环控制器参数变化对并网系统稳定性的影响程度要明显强于有功环控制器参数变化。在此基础上,借助有功与无功环小信号控制框图中的正负反馈效应,分析并网逆变器稳定性随无功环控制器参数增加而出现先增强后减弱的“拐点”现象。最后,通过仿真与实验验证了该文理论分析的正确性。