Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of SZ Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation Project Based on AHP-Matter-Element Extension Model

With the introduction of the“dual carbon goals,”there has been a robust development of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects in the promotion of their construction.As part of this initiative,a comprehensive and systematic analysis has been conducted to study the overall benefits of photovoltaic power generation projects.The evaluation process encompasses economic,technical,environmental,and social aspects,providing corresponding analysis methods and data references.Furthermore,targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed,signifying the research’s importance for the construction and development of subsequent distributed photovoltaic power generation projects.

An empirical analysis of comprehensive benefits of waste power generation

With the rapid development of economy, the scale of city has become more and more large. Meanwhile, the population also grows rapidly. Although the standard of living condition has been improved greatly, industry and domestic waste not only infl uence the quality of life by polluting the environment, but also become a signifi cant obstacle factor for economic development. waste power generation or waste-to-energy(WTE) is using the heat which is from garbage incinerator to generate electricity. This method can solve the problem of waste and generate the social benefi t, but by using the power on the internet to generate the economy benefit. In this paper, combined the method of FAHP and TOPSIS, a quotas system is set up to evaluate the social and economic benefi ts of the WTE project in Xiamen. Some advice is proposed for the Xiamen WTE project.

Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle for nuclear power generation

The supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle is considered a promising energy conversion system for Generation IV reactors for its simple layout,compact structure,and high cycle efficiency.Mathematical models of four Brayton cycle layouts are developed in this study for different reactors to reduce the cost and increase the thermohydraulic performance of nuclear power generation to promote the commercialization of nuclear energy.Parametric analysis,multi-objective optimizations,and four decision-making methods are applied to obtain each Brayton scheme’s optimal thermohydraulic and economic indexes.Results show that for the same design thermal power scale of reactors,the higher the core’s exit temperature,the better the Brayton cycle’s thermo-economic performance.Among the four-cycle layouts,the recompression cycle(RC)has the best overall performance,followed by the simple recuperation cycle(SR)and the intercooling cycle(IC),and the worst is the reheating cycle(RH).However,RH has the lowest total cost of investment(C_(tot))of$1619.85 million,and IC has the lowest levelized cost of energy(LCOE)of 0.012$/(kWh).The nuclear Brayton cycle system’s overall performance has been improved due to optimization.The performance of the molten salt reactor combined with the intercooling cycle(MSR-IC)scheme has the greatest improvement,with the net output power(W_(net)),thermal efficiencyη_(t),and exergy efficiency(η_(e))improved by 8.58%,8.58%,and 11.21%,respectively.The performance of the lead-cooled fast reactor combined with the simple recuperation cycle scheme was optimized to increase C_(tot) by 27.78%.In comparison,the internal rate of return(IRR)increased by only 7.8%,which is not friendly to investors with limited funds.For the nuclear Brayton cycle,the molten salt reactor combined with the recompression cycle scheme should receive priority,and the gas-cooled fast reactor combined with the reheating cycle scheme should be considered carefully.

Two stages power generation test of the hot dry rock exploration and production demonstration project in the Gonghe Basin,northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau,China

The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization agenda.Many HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion,reservoir construction,and fracture simulation.In 2019,China Geological Survey(CGS)initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin,aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR projects.Over the ensuing four years,the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021,followed by the second power generation test in 2022.After establishing the primary well group in the initial phase,two directional wells and one branch well were drilled.Noteworthy progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir,realizing inter-well connectivity,power generation and grid connection,implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring.A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was completed.However,many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization,such as reservoir fracture network characterization,efficient drilling and completion,multiple fracturing treatment,continuous injection and production,as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.

Numerical simulation on magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel of scramjet

The reverse magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)energy bypass technology is a promising energy redis⁃tribution technology in the scramjet system,in augmented with a power generation equipment to supply the neces⁃sary long-distance flight airframe power.In this paper,a computational model of the scramjet magnetohydrody⁃namic channel is developed and verified by using the commercial software Fluent.It is found that when the mag⁃netic induction intensity is 1,2,3,4 T,the power generation efficiency is 22.5%,22.3%,22.0%,21.5%,and decreases with the increase of the magnetic induction intensity,and the enthalpy extraction rate is 0.026%,0.1%,0.21%,0.34%,and increases with the increase of the magnetic induction intensity.The deceleration ef⁃fect of electromagnetic action on the airflow in the power channel increases with the increase of magnetic induc⁃tion intensity.The stronger the magnetic field intensity,the more obvious the decreasing effect of fluid Mach num⁃ber in the channel.The power generation efficiency decreases as the magnetic induction intensity increases and the enthalpy extraction rate is reversed.As the local currents gathering at inlet and outlet of the power generation area,total temperature and enthalpy along the flow direction do not vary linearly,and there are maximum and minimum values at inlet and outlet.Increasing the number of electrodes can effectively regulate the percentage of Joule heat dissipation,which can improve the power generation efficiency.

Investigating Load Regulation Characteristics of a Wind-PV-Coal Storage Multi-Power Generation System

There is a growing need to explore the potential of coal-fired power plants(CFPPs)to enhance the utilization rate of wind power(wind)and photovoltaic power(PV)in the green energy field.This study developed a load regulation model for a multi-power generation system comprising wind,PV,and coal energy storage using realworld data.The power supply process was divided into eight fundamental load regulation scenarios,elucidating the influence of each scenario on load regulation.Within the framework of the multi-power generation system with the wind(50 MW)and PV(50 MW)alongside a CFPP(330 MW),a lithium-iron phosphate energy storage system(LIPBESS)was integrated to improve the system’s load regulation flexibility.The energy storage operation strategy was formulated based on the charging and discharging priority of the LIPBESS for each basic scenario and the charging and discharging load calculation method of LIPBESS auxiliary regulation.Through optimization using the particle swarm algorithm,the optimal capacity of LIPBESS was determined to be within the 5.24-4.88 MWh range.From an economic perspective,the LIPBESS operating with CFPP as the regulating power source was 49.1% lower in capacity compared to the renewable energy-based storage mode.

Review of the Analysis and Suppression for High-frequency Oscillations of the Grid-connected Wind Power Generation System

High-frequency oscillation(HFO)of gridconnected wind power generation systems(WPGS)is one of the most critical issues in recent years that threaten the safe access of WPGS to the grid.Ensuring the WPGS can damp HFO is becoming more and more vital for the development of wind power.The HFO phenomenon of wind turbines under different scenarios usually has different mechanisms.Hence,engineers need to acquire the working mechanisms of the different HFO damping technologies and select the appropriate one to ensure the effective implementation of oscillation damping in practical engineering.This paper introduces the general assumptions of WPGS when analyzing HFO,systematically summarizes the reasons for the occurrence of HFO in different scenarios,deeply analyses the key points and difficulties of HFO damping under different scenarios,and then compares the technical performances of various types of HFO suppression methods to provide adequate references for engineers in the application of technology.Finally,this paper discusses possible future research difficulties in the problem of HFO,as well as the possible future trends in the demand for HFO damping.

Research on the MPPT of Photovoltaic Power Generation Based on Improved WOA and P&O under Partial Shading Conditions

Partial shading conditions(PSCs)caused by uneven illumination become one of the most common problems in photovoltaic(PV)systems,which can make the PV power-voltage(P-V)characteristics curve show multi-peaks.Traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods have shortcomings in tracking to the global maximum power point(GMPP),resulting in a dramatic decrease in output power.In order to solve the above problems,intelligent algorithms are used in MPPT.However,the existing intelligent algorithms have some disadvantages,such as slow convergence speed and large search oscillation.Therefore,an improved whale algorithm(IWOA)combined with the P&O(IWOA-P&O)is proposed for the MPPT of PV power generation in this paper.Firstly,IWOA is used to track the range interval of the GMPP,and then P&O is used to accurately find the MPP in that interval.Compared with other algorithms,simulation results show that this method has an average tracking efficiency of 99.79%and an average tracking time of 0.16 s when tracking GMPP.Finally,experimental verification is conducted,and the results show that the proposed algorithm has better MPPT performance compared to popular particle swarm optimization(PSO)and PSO-P&O algorithms.

Assessment of Operational Performance in a Power Generation/Selling Integrated Company Using a Dynamic Proportional Adjustment Coefficient

Currently,the operational performance assessment system in the power market primarily focuses on power generation and electricity retail companies,lacking a system tailored to the operational characteristics of power generation/selling integrated companies.Therefore,this article proposes an assessment index system for assessing the operational performance of a power generation/selling integrated company,encompassing three dimensions:basic capacity,development potential,and external environment.A dynamic proportional adjustment coefficient is designed,along with a subjective and objective weighting model for assessment indexes based on a combined weightingmethod.Subsequently,the operational performance of an integrated company is assessed using extension theory.The results in the case study demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed dynamic proportional adjustment coefficient.

Discussion on the Soil and Water Conservation Model in Mountain Photovoltaic Power Generation Project

In the context of rising global energy demand and increasing awareness of environmental protection,photovoltaic power generation,as a clean and renewable form of energy,has become increasingly important and has received widespread attention and application worldwide.However,during the construction and operation of mountain photovoltaic power generation projects,water and soil erosion has become a major challenge,which not only restricts the sustainable development process of the project,but also has a significant negative impact on the local ecological environment.This article deeply analyzes the multiple causes,extensive impacts and effective prevention and control strategies of water and soil erosion in mountain photovoltaic power generation projects.The results show that rainfall intensity,terrain slope,soil type and vegetation coverage are the four key factors leading to soil erosion.Soil erosion not only causes a sharp decline in soil fertility,but also aggravates the problem of sediment deposition in rivers and reservoirs,and poses a direct threat to the stability and operating efficiency of photovoltaic equipment.In order to deal with the above problems,this paper innovatively puts forward a series of soil and water conservation technologies,covering multiple dimensions such as engineering measures,plant measures,farming measures and temporary measures,and deeply discusses the application models and management strategies of these measures in key stages such as planning and design,construction,operation and maintenance.Through specific case analysis,the successful practical experience of soil and water conservation is refined and summarized,and the key role of community cooperation,technical support and modern monitoring technology in preventing and controlling soil and water erosion is further emphasized.This article aims to achieve a win-win situation of ecological environment protection and energy development and utilization through scientific planning and effective governance,and contribute to the construction of a green,low-carbon,and sustainable energy system.

Short-term prediction of photovoltaic power generation based on LMD-EE-ESN with error correction

Considering the instability of the output power of photovoltaic(PV)generation system,to improve the power regulation ability of PV power during grid-connected operation,based on the quantitative analysis of meteorological conditions,a short-term prediction method of PV power based on LMD-EE-ESN with iterative error correction was proposed.Firstly,through the fuzzy clustering processing of meteorological conditions,taking the power curves of PV power generation in sunny,rainy or snowy,cloudy,and changeable weather as the reference,the local mean decomposition(LMD)was carried out respectively,and their energy entropy(EE)was taken as the meteorological characteristics.Then,the historical generation power series was decomposed by LMD algorithm,and the hierarchical prediction of the power curve was realized by echo state network(ESN)prediction algorithm combined with meteorological characteristics.Finally,the iterative error theory was applied to the correction of power prediction results.The analysis of the historical data in the PV power generation system shows that this method avoids the influence of meteorological conditions in the short-term prediction of PV output power,and improves the accuracy of power prediction on the condition of hierarchical prediction and iterative error correction.

Research on the Application of New Energy Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology

With the rapid development of technology and economy,the demand for energy in society is increasing.People are gradually realizing that fossil energy is limited,and the development of new energy may also face situations where it cannot meet social needs.The problem of resource shortage is gradually exposed to people.Therefore,the development of usable new energy has become an urgent problem for society to solve.At present,electricity is the most widely used energy source worldwide and photovoltaic power generation technology is gradually becoming well-known.As an emerging industry,the development of photovoltaic power generation still requires continuous promotion by national and social policies to be extended to various industries and ensure the stability of its energy supply.This article mainly outlines the principles,characteristics,and advantages of photovoltaic power generation,and briefly explains the current technology types and application aspects of photovoltaic power generation to contribute to its promotion and better serve all aspects of social life with new energy.

Simulation Analysis for Massive Deployment of Variable Renewables Employing an Optimal Power Generation Mix Model

This paper develops a high time-resolution optimal power generation mix model in its time resolution of 10 minutes on 365 days by linear programming technique. The model allows us to analyse the massive deployment of photovoltaic system and wind power generation in power system explicitly considering those short-term output variation. PV （photovoltaic） and wind output are estimated, employing meteorological database. Simulation results reveal that variable fluctuation derived from a high penetration level of those renewables is controlled by quick load following operation of natural gas combined cycle power plant, pumped-storage hydro power, stationary NAS （sodium and sulfur） battery and the output suppression control of PV and wind. It additionally turns out that the operational configuration of those technologies for the renewable variability differs significantly depending on those renewable output variations in each season and solving the seasonal electricity imbalance as well as the daily imbalance is important if variable renewables are massively deployed.

Research on Comparisons of New Clean Power Generation Technologies

On the basis of introducing clean power generation technologies, the author calculated and analyzed the investment, economy and environmental protection of these technologies, posed his views of giving the priorities to the development of supercritical and ultra-supercritical pressure coal-fired power generation technologies and taking vigorous action to nuclear power generation technology within the following 5-10 years, exploiting wind power within the following 10-15 years, and suggested that the installed capacity of nuclear power reach 80-100 GW and that of wind power reach 50-80 GW by 2020.

POWER GENERATION POTENTIAL OF BIPV APPLICATION IN CHINA

This paper discusses the potential and prospect of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) for solar electrical power generation in China.The BIPV technology has been identified as the most economical renewable energy resource to contribute to world electrical energy demand for protecting environment from reduced fossil fuel consumption.The available solar energy resource of 14 cities and the potential power generation from PV claddings in buildings in China were estimated.The economical analysis of BIPV application is discussed.It is found that the potential is significant and the government should play an important role in its development.

RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAS-FIRED POWER GENERATION IN CHINA FOR YEAR 2001～2010

Through a great many qualitative and quantitative analyses, this paperstudies the development of gas power in China in the coming ten years based oninvestigations of more than one year. Some good advices are suggested toinvestors and decision-makers, such as the advantages and disadvantages ofpower generation using natural gas, development plans of local power grids, andproblems necessary to be noted and solved.[

Quantum particle swarm optimization for micro-grid system with consideration of consumer satisfaction and benefit of generation side

Considering comprehensive benefit of micro-grid system and consumers,we establish a mathematical model with the goal of the maximum consumer satisfaction and the maximum benefit of power generation side in the view of energy management.An improved multi-objective local mutation adaptive quantum particle swarm optimization(MO-LM-AQPSO)algorithm is adopted to obtain the Pareto frontier of consumer satisfaction and the benefit of power generation side.The optimal solution of the non-dominant solution is selected with introducing the power shortage and power loss to maximize the benefit of power generation side,and its reasonableness is verified by numerical simulation.Then,translational load and time-of-use electricity price incentive mechanism are considered and reasonable peak-valley price ratio is adopted to guide users to actively participate in demand response.The simulation results show that the reasonable incentive mechanism increases the benefit of power generation side and improves the consumer satisfaction.Also the mechanism maximizes the utilization of renewable energy and effectively reduces the operation cost of the battery.

A Low-Voltage,High Efficiency Power Generation Structure for UHF RFID

This paper presents a new power generation structure that can provide DC energy for passive UHF RFID with high sensitivity and high efficiency. The structure is designed with 0.18μm standard CMOS technology, including two charge pumps,a current reference, and a group of bias circuits. Low-voltage performance is improved thanks to the bias structure,which eliminates the threshold voltage drop and body-effect of conventional circuits. A 350mV minimum input level is required to generate a 1.5V power supply for a 100k~ load with power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 22%. PCE up to 29.8% is achieved with a 60kΩ load. Simulation results show that the new circuit is superior to conventional charge pumps.

Including Co-benefits in the CDM of the Power Sector： A Case Study for India

This study examines the effects of the inclusion of co-benefits on the potential capacity of advanced thermal plants with a linear programming model in the CDM （clean development mechanism） in India＇s power sector. It investigates how different marginal damage costs of air pollutants affect the potential capacity of NGCC （natural gas combined cycle） and IGCC （integrated gasification combined cycle） by CDM projects with a scenario analysis. Three results are found from this analysis. First, IGCC and NGCC are installed at lower CER （certified emission reductions） prices when the marginal damage costs of air pollutants are added to the CER prices. Second, the CER prices of $1/tCO2 correspond with the sum of marginal damage costs of air pollutants of $150/t for NGCC and $30/t for IGCC in India＇s power sector. Thus, including the co-benefits into CDM attracts developing countries such as India where coal resource is redundant. Third, the SOx and NOx reduction benefits attained from the CDM projects become large in a grid where IGCC is installed.

Lignocellulosic biomass as sustainable feedstock and materials for power generation and energy storage

Lignocellulosic biomass has attracted great interest in recent years for energy production due to its renewability and carbon-neutral nature.There are various ways to convert lignocellulose to gaseous,liquid and solid fuels via thermochemical,chemical or biological approaches.Typical biomass derived fuels include syngas,bio-gas,bio-oil,bioethanol and biochar,all of which could be used as fuels for furnace,engine,turbine or fuel cells.Direct biomass fuel cells mediated by various electron carriers provide a new direction of lignocellulose conversion.Various metal and non-metal based carriers have been screened for mediating the electron transfer from biomass to oxygen thus generating electricity.The power density of direct biomass fuel cells can be over 100 mW cm^(-2),which shows promise for practical applications.Lignocellulose and its isolated components,primarily cellulose and lignin,have also been paid considerable attention as sustainable carbonaceous materials for preparation of electrodes for supercapacitors,lithium-ion batteries and lithium-sulfur batteries.In this paper,we have provided a state-of-the-art review on the research progress of lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock and materials for power generation and energy storage focusing on the chemistry aspects of the processes.It was recommended that process integration should be performed to reduce the cost for thermochemical and biological conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels,while efforts should be made to increase efficiency and improve the properties for biomass fuelled fuel cells and biomass derived electrodes for energy storage.