Increasing the Efficiency and Level of Environmental Safety of Pro-Environmental City Heat Supply Technologies by Low Power Nuclear Plants

In connection with the current prospect of decarbonization of coal energy through the use of small nuclear power plants (SNPPs) at existing TPPs as heat sources for heat supply to municipal heating networks, there is a technological need to improve heat supply schemes to increase their environmental friendliness and efficiency. The paper proves the feasibility of using the heat-feeding mode of ASHPs for urban heat supply by heating the network water with steam taken from the turbine. The ratio of electric and thermal power of a “nuclear” combined heat and power plant is given. The advantage of using a heat pump, which provides twice as much electrical power with the same heat output, is established. Taking into account that heat in these modes is supplied with different potential, the energy efficiency was used to compare these options. To increase the heat supply capacity, a scheme with the use of a high-pressure heater in the backpressure mode and with the heating of network water with hot steam was proposed. Heat supply from ASHPs is efficient and environmentally friendly even in the case of significant remoteness of heat consumers.

Thermal Power Plant with 1 GW Capacity for Meeting Future National Electric Demands

An analysis for a conceptual design of a thermal power plant (with a power capacity of 1 GW) is provided. This power plant can help in meeting the expected increase in the electric demand for Oman’s dominant power system (2.4 GW between 2018 and 2025). A necessary fluid mass flow rate of 834.1 kg/s was predicted. The overall energy conversion efficiency (output useful electricity divided by input heat) was estimated to be 34.7%. The needed thermal energy is not restricted to a specific source, and solar heating is an option for supplying the needed heat. The power plant design is based on using a steam-turbine section, which may be composed of a single large steam turbine having a mechanical power output of 1115 MW;or composed of a group of smaller steam turbines. The analysis is based on applying energy balance equations under certain assumptions (such as neglecting changes in potential energy). The thermal analysis was aided by web-based tool for calculating needed properties of the working medium, which is water, at different stages in the power plant.

A Theoretical Investigation of Efficiency Enhancement in Thermal Power Plants

The need to operate a boiler efficiently in today’s environment is at the top of many plant owners and operators lists. Unfortunately, operating a boiler efficiently and meeting local emission regulations do not always go hand in hand. However, advances in boiler system design and technology have made this a much more achievable task. The potential for energy improvements and cost savings is substantial when considered that most boilers operating today are performing at efficiencies that are less than 70 percent. The performance calculation and rectification measures are essential for performance evaluation and efficiency enhancement. Since the efficiency decreases from time to time it is required to find out the losses occurring in boiler using proper methodology. The environmental issues and economy are the secondary factors to be considered after finding the losses. Due to increase in fuel price and demand in more energy requirement in everyday life, proper utilization of materials and resources are necessary. This present deals with the aim of estimating the heat losses occurring in thermal power plant boilers and hence finding suitable ways for reducing it, hence allowing plants to achieve more performance, sustainability and cost-effective maintenance operation of a steam system.

Demonstration of Pilot Scale Large Aperture Parabolic Trough Organic Rankine Cycle Solar Thermal Power Plant in Louisiana

During the calendar year of 2012 the University of Louisiana at Lafayette in conjunction with CLECO Power LLC (CLECO) has constructed and commissioned a pilot scale parabolic trough solar thermal power plant for the first time in Louisiana. The large aperture trough (LAT) solar collectors were provided by Gossamer Space Frames and are coupled with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power block provided by ElectraTherm, Inc. for study of the feasibility of cost-effective commercial scale solar thermal power production in Louisiana. Supported by CLECO and providing power to the existing CLECO grid, the implementation of state-of-the-industry collector frames, mirrors, trackers, and ORC power block is studied under various local weather conditions which present varied operating regimes from existing solar thermal installations. The solar collectors provide a design output of 650 kWth and preliminary actual performance data from the system level is presented. The optimal size, configuration and location for such a plant in the given solar resource region are being studied in conjunction with CLECO’s search for optimal renewable energy solutions for the region. The pilot scale size of the facility and implementation of the simpler ORC allow remote operation of the facility and flexibility in operating parameters for optimization studies. The construction of the facility was supported by the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources, the U.S. Department of Energy, and CLECO. The continued operation of the plant is supported by CLECO Power LLC and the University of Louisiana at Lafayette.

Proposal of a Solar Thermal Power Plant at Low Temperature Using Solar Thermal Collectors

To this day, only two types of solar power plants have been proposed and built: high temperature thermal solar one and photovoltaic one. It is here proposed a new type of solar thermal plant using glass-top flat surface solar collectors, so working at low temperature (i.e., below 100°C). This power plant is aimed at warm countries, i.e., the ones mainly located between -40° and 40° latitude, having available space along their coast. This land based plant, to install on the seashore, is technologically similar to the one used for OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion). This plant, apart from supplying electricity with a much better thermodynamic efficiency than OTEC plants, has the main advantage of providing desalinated water for drinking and irrigation. This plant is designed to generate electricity (and desalinated water) night and day and all year round, by means of hot water storage, with just a variation of the power delivered depending on the season.

火电厂源侧综合能源系统集成及性能评估研究

本文建立了以火电厂为核心,消纳可再生能源并提供冷热电汽综合能源服务的一套能源系统,通过对整体系统及关键子系统热力性能分析,验证了提出模型和方法的有效性。并研究了一些关键运行参数对系统综合性能的影响,验证了提出模型和方法的有效性和优越性。结果表明:通过改变火电厂的源侧参数,可以提高综合能源系统荷侧的输出量;且生物质转化气对汽轮机发电功率的影响最大。热泵系统的负荷随着进入系统中的给水流量的增大而增大,利用汽轮机中的部分抽汽来驱动热泵系统,虽然发电功率下降了10.88%,但是却为用户提供了16.8MW的热负荷和16.2MW的冷负荷以及27.78t/h的蒸汽量。

火电机组碳排放量及碳敏感性通用矩阵模型

为实现火电机组碳排放量的简便准确计量及掌握运行因素对机组碳排放强度的影响,在排放因子法技术上,参考传统q-γ-τ矩阵结构形式,根据求解火电机组碳排放量的需要,并掌握运行参数对发电碳排放强度的影响,建立了火电机组碳排放量及碳敏感性通用矩阵模型,确定了矩阵填写规则。采用热平衡法结合物料衡算法验证了模型的准确性,并与排放因子法核算结果对比;核算了某火电机组24 h的碳排放量,分析了排烟氧量、主蒸汽温度和压力波动时的发电碳排放强度的扰动量ΔM CO_(2)。结果表明:相较于排放因子法,本文所提模型缩短了碳排放量核算的时间跨度,且能提高碳排放量核算的精度;该机组24 h的碳排放量为5780.644 t;当排烟氧量降低0.1%时,ΔM CO_(2)为1.7726 g/(kW·h);当主蒸汽温度升高0.5 K时,ΔM CO_(2)为3.0206 g/(kW·h);当主蒸汽压力增加0.2 MPa时,ΔM CO_(2)为0.3788 g/(kW·h)。

火电厂集控运行在电力系统稳定性中的作用分析

本文旨在分析火电厂集控运行在电力系统稳定性中的关键作用。通过对火电厂集控运行与电力系统稳定性的概念进行阐述,特别是火电厂在静态稳定性和动态稳定性方面的影响。重点探讨了火电厂调度和运行控制、电力系统的频率响应以及对电压稳定性的影响。此外,还介绍了电力系统协调集控运行的优化策略,包括监控和自动控制系统,人工智能在集控运行中的应用,火电厂运营参数的优化以及运行的可持续性考虑。研究发现,火电厂集控运行系统的高效运作对于保障电力系统的稳定性、可靠性和可持续性具有至关重要的作用。

分布式光伏接入火电厂厂用系统的安全经济性分析

传统火电在当前能源结构转型的背景下将逐步转型为网源支撑和系统调节,与分布式光伏的厂用发电耦合是火电企业实现降本增效的一种有效尝试。但因厂用非统调电源的接入暂无相关规程指导,在系统安全稳定方面缺乏评估策略和实证参考。为此,以西北某火电厂的火电光伏互补供能系统为例,分析了其运行特点并给出了稳定性评价的技术框架,在不同机组、并网等级和最小光伏单元布置的实例中,讨论了静态潮流、暂态稳定和电能质量等应用评价问题,计算得到本例场站下火电机组厂用电减损效能实现了18%~42%的提升。该结论对火电厂应用“分布式光伏接入厂用系统”的发电技术模式有着典型的借鉴意义。

基于废水零排放目标的电厂废水处理优化策略研究

火电厂作为大规模的工业用水和废水产生者,对其废水进行深度处理和资源化利用,实现废水零排放,对于环境保护具有重要意义。因此研究针对火电厂的废水提出了一种高效环保的处理流程,旨在降低废水处理成本,提高处理效率,并实现真正的废水零排放。研究提出的方法主要分为物化法和吸附法两个部分,通过两种方法的交替处理,使火电厂的废水达到零排放的效果,同时还能回收废水中的重金属离子制成工业盐。从实验结果来看,经过此次研究提出方法处理的废水中的汞、铬、镍等重金属含量远低于国家的排放标准,因此研究提出方案具备可行性。

考虑REGS和可调热电比的综合能源系统优化调度

在“双碳”目标背景下,针对热电联产机组“以热定电”模式导致的弃风问题,文章提出了一种考虑可再生增强型地热系统(Regenerative Enhanced Geothermal System,REGS)和可调热电比的综合能源系统(Integrated Energy System,IES)优化调度模型。首先,构建干热岩提取循环等模型,分析了能量分配系数对于REGS作为源端的热电可调节机理;其次,研究了REGS配合光热电站和热电联产机组耦合运行机制,分析了耦合运行改善热电比的机理,并引入广义机组热电比控制模型;再次,以购能成本、运行成本、运维成本、弃风成本及碳税成本之和最小构建目标函数进行优化求解;最后,利用西北某地区实际数据进行算例分析,验证了所提模型能够提高系统经济性和风电消纳率,减少碳排放。

火电厂热能动力工程中的节能技术分析

火电厂在全球能源结构中扮演着关键角色,特别是在众多国家和地区,其发电量依然占据主导地位。传统火电厂在运营中存在能效低下及污染排放高等问题,不仅增加了能源成本也对生态环境造成了显著影响。面对资源短缺与气候变化的双重挑战,火电行业的转型升级显得尤为迫切,寻找新的节能与环保解决方案成为当务之急。近年来,各国与地区对节能减排的政策愈发严格,火电厂必须积极应对这些新挑战。同时,科技的迅猛发展为引入先进的节能技术创造了条件,例如智能控制系统、清洁燃料的应用及高效热回收技术。这些技术的推广应用不仅能够提升发电效率,还能显著减少环境污染,实现经济与生态的双重收益。因此,火电厂热能动力工程中的节能技术研究,既具重要的理论价值,又满足迫切的实际应用需求。

火力发电厂热能动力系统优化与节能改造研究

作为火力发电厂核心部分之一,热能动力系统的优化与节能改造对于提高发电厂效率、减少环境污染、实现节能环保具有重要意义。以新疆某火力发电厂为对象,优化和节能改造热能动力系统从化学补水系统、废烟余热回收利用、废水余热回收利用、蒸汽凝结水回收利用、热电联产技术5个方面,能有效提高该火力发电厂热能动力系统性能。

火力发电厂热能动力锅炉燃烧技术研究

随着我国社会经济的快速发展,电力需求日益增长。目前火力发电仍然是我国电力生产的主要方式之一。火力发电厂的热能动力锅炉是将燃料的化学能通过燃烧转化为蒸汽热能的关键设备,其燃烧技术水平的高低直接影响着火力发电厂的经济性和环保性。文章概述了火力发电厂热能动力锅炉的基本情况及其燃烧技术优化的意义,分析了煤粉燃烧技术、气体燃烧技术和燃油燃烧技术,探讨了火力发电厂热能动力锅炉燃烧技术优化的途径。希望可为提高火力发电厂热能动力锅炉燃烧效率、降低烟气排放和确保锅炉安全运行提供参考。

热电厂中热能与动力工程的有效运用分析

热电厂是我国电力能源结构体系中的重要组成部分,通过热能与动力工程的应用,可以降低热电厂运行时的能源损耗。鉴于此,本文即围绕热电厂中热能与动力工程运用展开分析,在明确热电厂发电原理、流程、内涵的基础上,阐述热电厂中热能与动力工程运用注意事项,并提出加强对热重现象的应用、维护汽轮机凝汽器运行、完善锅炉系统保护机制、减少蒸汽损耗问题出现等对策,实现热电厂中热能与动力工程的有效运用,提升热电厂生产环保性。

发电厂热能与动力工程问题及其主要性能的应用分析

热力学是现代产业发展的基石,它能够推动产业发展,提升产业的效益与品质。电力工程作为支撑经济发展的基础,在节能和提高输出效率方面已成为业界最关心的问题。随着科学技术的发展,我国的发电方式已经从单一转向多样化。在发电厂中引入热力学,能够提高发电厂的安全生产水平,为发电厂带来效益。这既是当前发电厂工作的主要目的,也是发电厂的发展方向。为此,有必要对热力学在发电厂中的运用进行研究,以提高其运用层次。

火力发电厂锅炉中热能动力工程的应用探析

电厂锅炉属于火力发电厂(以下简称“电厂”)生产的重要设备,其运行状况直接关系到电厂的能源利用效率和发电效率。当前能源环境对电厂锅炉的能源利用提出了较高要求,必须解决以往锅炉运行高消耗、低转化的问题。热能动力工程可以通过优化燃烧过程等办法提高锅炉热效率,实现燃料能源的充分利用,从而提高发电厂能源利用效率和发电效率,控制能源浪费和环境污染问题。基于此,本文以热能动力工程为切入点,阐述热能动力工程的基本含义,介绍电厂锅炉的应用现状,并就热能动力工程在电厂锅炉中的实际应用展开分析,旨在为电厂锅炉中热能动力工程的深入应用提供参考和借鉴。

火力发电厂中光伏发电系统的设计与应用

传统的火力发电厂在能源消耗和环境影响方面存在一定的问题,如温室气体排放和空气污染。基于此,文章对火力发电厂光伏发电系统的结构和原理、硬件选择与设计,以及电气回路设计等方面进行了深入研究。文章旨在为火力发电厂在引入光伏发电系统时提供实际的设计指导,同时也可以为光伏发电系统在其他领域的应用提供有益的参考。

火力发电厂热控系统的优化设计与实现

本文深入探索了热控系统的优化设计及其实践,首要任务是设定优化目标,包括增强能效、降低能耗、缩减运营开支及减轻对环境的影响。文章详尽分析了设计策略的构建及关键创新技术的应用,如高效热交换技术、节能设备的使用、智能管控系统的集成等。通过评估实施优化后的成效,证实了此设计方案在实际操作中的显著效果和重要地位。此项研究不仅为火力发电厂经济效益和环保性能的提升提供了实战指导,也为相关领域的后续研究提供了宝贵的启示。

火电厂设备故障诊断与检修技术研究

作为电力系统的重要组成部分,火电厂的稳定运行对保障社会生产和人民生活至关重要。针对火电厂设备的各类故障提出了一系列的解决办法,并采用决策树算法分析历史故障数据,构建决策树模型,实现了对故障原因的快速定位和诊断。通过案例分析,验证了所提方法的有效性,为火电厂设备故障的早期诊断和预防性维护提供了技术支持。