Smart Street Lighting Control and Monitoring System for Electrical Power Saving by Using VANET

The huge amount of electrical power of many countries is consumed in lighting the streets. However, vehicles pass with very low rate in specific periods of time and parts of the streets are not occupied by vehicles over time. In this paper, we propose a system that automatically switches off the light for the parts of the streets having no vehicles and turns on the light for these parts once there are some vehicles that are going to come. Logically, this system may save a large amount of the electrical power. In addition, it may increase the lifetime of the lamps and reduce the pollutions. This system automatically controls and monitors the light of the streets. It can light only the parts that have vehicles and help on the maintenance of the lighting equipments. Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET) make it possible to propose such system. VANET enables the possibility to know the presence of vehicles, their locations, their directions and their speeds in real time. These quantities are what are needed to develop this system. An advantage of using VANET is that there is no need to use specific network and equipments to design the system, but VANET infrastructure will be used. This decreases the cost and speed up the deployment of such system. This paper focuses on the proposal of different possible architectures of this system. Results show that the saved energy may reach up to 65% and an increase of the lifetime of the lamps of 53%.

A Remote Real-Time Monitoring System for Power Quality

An introduction is made to the composition, design method and engineering application of a remote real time monitoring system of power quality in substations based on internet. With virtual instrument and network technique adopted, this system is characterized by good real time property, high reliability, plentiful functions, and so on. It also can be used to monitor the load of a substation, such as electric locomotives.

The New Brazilian Power Quality Standard and a Low Cost Device Meter

This paper presents an overview about the new Brazilian Power Quality Standard and provides a low cost device PQ meter, developed and implemented to assist the national campaign to assess the Brazilian power quality indices, unknown until now. This work contributes with the search of a low cost devices PQ meter for a cost sensitive market, and introduces the new Brazilian Power Quality Standard to the international community.

Remote Visualization of High-Speed Rail Power Quality Monitoring

The visualization techniques were explored for power quality monitoring.And remote visualization solutions were proposed for highspeed rail power quality monitoring.Taking the Beijing-Shanghai highspeed rail power monitoring as a study case,a remote visualization client,based on our proposed solutions,was developed for high-speed rail power quality monitoring to efficiently support power quality data analysis of the electricity business.The solutions collected data from monitoring stations deployed along the high-speed rail route and visualized the data set with a variety of visualization technologies to alert the specific stations of catastrophic events.The proposed solutions have been proved to be effective in supporting decision-making for the railway power scheduling and providing diagnosis information for quickly spotting any possible runtime failure in operation.

Management System Activities of the Operation and Utilization of GHARR-1

The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions. GHARR-1 is owned by Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) and operated by National Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI), one of the institutes of GAEC. GHARR-1 is housed by Nuclear Reactors Research Centre (NRRC), one of the Centres of NNRI. Management/Administration, Radiation protection, Reactor operation and maintenance, Reactor utilization and Physical protection are the various systems/units that integrate to manage the activities of operation and utilization of GHARR-1 in addition to the quality assurance and quality control management system of the research reactor facility. The GHARR-1 which is currently in operation follows a robust maintenance culture adopted by the management system and this has made it possible to keep the reactor in operation with minimal interruption. The management system activities adopted at the Centre to ensure safety of the workers, public and the research reactor facility include authorization of the operation of the reactor for any experiments/modifications;providing material and financial resources for maintaining the research reactor facility;following standard procedures while carrying out Neutron Activation Analysis;participation in IAEA proficiency test;irradiation sites/positions characterization;following standard procedures while carrying out reactor operation and maintenance including reactor and pool water purification and other related activities;monitoring radiation levels in the controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas of the research reactor facility as well as during reactor operation and maintenance;controlling the physical entry of the workers and public into the research reactor facility;and ensuring that the security structures provided to protect the reactor facility are functioning properly. The thorough knowledge on the functions of the various components that make up the electrical/electronic and control systems of the reactor has been observed to be important for continuous successful maintenance of the research reactor to keep the reactor in operation. This work provides some management system activities adopted to monitor the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization to guarantee safety of workers, public and the environment as well as to safeguard a continuous operation of the research reactor. These management system activities adopted among others, are in the form of Monitoring Forms provided for monitoring the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization in order to ensure standard procedures and specifications are followed and quality services are rendered to the public.

基于RPC的光储接入牵引供电系统协调控制方法

为将光伏发电接入牵引供电系统进行有效利用,同时兼顾牵引供电系统电能质量改善及列车再生制动能量回收利用,提出了一种基于铁路功率调节器的光储系统接入牵引供电系统的协调控制方法.首先,搭建基于铁路功率调节器的光储系统接入牵引供电拓扑结构,并对其电能质量补偿机理进行理论分析;在此基础上,充分考虑光储系统的运行条件以及列车牵引、制动、空载或惰行工况,提出光储系统接入牵引供电的联合协调控制方法,实现了“光+储+荷”三者间的协调控制、牵引供电系统负序的动态补偿以及谐波的有效抑制;在RT-Lab实时仿真系统中建立了基于铁路功率调节器的光伏接入牵引供电系统仿真模型,并结合实际光照和牵引工况数据验证本文所提出的系统结构以及协调控制方法的有效性.结果表明:本文所提出的系统结构以及协调控制方法能够实现牵引供电系统中光储系统的有效接入,再生制动能量回收率提升至86.7%,功率因数提升6.4%,对谐波特别是高次谐波含有率有较大改善,满足光伏电能高效消纳及综合利用、电能质量动态综合补偿、再生制动能量回收多重需求.

可穿戴生理信息监测的自供电系统研究

设计与制作了一种应用于可穿戴生理信息监测的自供电系统,利用压电-光电复合能量收集装置采集人体运动时足底的机械能和室内光能。复合能量收集装置以运动鞋为载体,设计了多种结构压电能量收集器固定在鞋底,光电能量收集器粘接在鞋面,收集到的能量存储在超级电容中,同时设计了一套能够定时、按需供电的能量管理控制电路,控制生理信息监测系统每隔20 min上电一次,并且测量结束即刻断电。经测试,光电能量收集装置在室内从早上7点至晚上7点的平均输出功率达到590μW,压电能量收集装置在1.2 m/s的匀速步行状态驱动下的平均输出功率达540μW以上,复合能量输出功率能够稳定在1.124 mW以上,即20 min产电1.349 J。对系统各单元进行数据采集测试以及功耗测试,得出系统一个工作周期耗能1.04 J。从能量收支平衡来看,利用运动机械能与光能复合供电的生理信息采集系统可实现自我维持定时工作,具有一定的应用参考价值。

基于光纤通信技术的电力系统远程监测与控制研究

随着电网规模的扩大和运行复杂性的增加,传统铜缆通信系统在处理大规模数据时存在局限性。光纤通信凭借高速、大容量和强大的抗干扰能力等独特优势,为电力系统的远程监测与控制提供了新的解决方案。光纤通信技术可提高数据处理和传输效率,增强电网动态变化的实时响应能力,为电力系统的稳定运行提供坚实的技术支撑。文章探讨了基于光纤通信技术的电力系统远程监测与控制的结构,对比分析传统方法与基于光纤通信技术的方法。实验测试结果表明,基于光纤通信技术的方法在信噪比、带宽利用率、响应时间、数据准确性、故障检测时间以及系统稳定性等关键指标方面均有良好表现,推动了电力系统远程监测与控制的发展。

基于静止无功发生器的双流制牵引供电系统控制策略

基于静止无功发生器的双流制牵引供电系统可用于交直流供电系统并存的供电区段,也能为多制式机车提供出厂试验,减少供电设备,提高效率,并解决以负序为主的电能质量问题。提出双流制供电系统的结构,根据负荷的运行工况分别研究2种运行方式的基本原理,构建负序补偿数学模型并推导静止无功发生器容量的计算式。基于瞬时无功理论,研究该方案中静止无功发生器的控制策略。搭建仿真模型,仿真结果表明在不同的负荷运行工况下,双流制供电系统既能为交流负荷和直流负荷提供运行功率,也能对公共连接点处的负序进行治理,验证了补偿方案的正确性与可行性。

Overview of condition monitoring and operation control of electric power conversion systems in direct-drive wind turbines under faults

Electric power conversion system （EPCS）, which consists of a generator and power converter, is one of the most important subsystems in a direct-drive wind turbine （DD-WT）. However, this component accounts for the most failures （approximately 60% of the total number） in the entire DD-WT system according to statistical data. To improve the reliability of EPCSs and reduce the operation and maintenance cost of DD-WTs, numerous researchers have studied condition monitoring （CM） and fault diagnostics （FD）. Numerous CM and FD techniques, which have respective advantages and disadvantages, have emerged. This paper provides an overview of the CM, FD, and operation control of EPCSs in DD-WTs under faults. After introducing the functional principle and structure of EPCS, this survey discusses the common failures in wind generators and power converters; briefly reviewed CM and FD methods and operation control of these generators and power converters under faults; and discussed the grid voltage faults related to EPCSs in DD-WTs. These theories and their related technical concepts are systematically discussed. Finally, predicted development trends are presented. The paper provides a valuable reference for developing service quality evaluation methods and fault operation control systems to achieve high-performance and high-intelligence DD-WTs.

山东省血站质量控制监测指标体系的应用

目的建立有效的血站血液质量控制监测指标体系,对采供血质量控制指标数据进行分析,客观评价血液质量控制过程的差距,促进血站血液质量控制的持续提升和标准化管理。方法建立覆盖采供血全过程的献血服务、成分制备、血液检测、血液供应和质量控制的质量监测指标体系,向山东省17家血站发放《采供血过程质量监测指标统计表》,明确指标定义和计算公式,收集各血站2022年1—12月质量监测指标数据,利用SPSS25.0软件对其中的质量控制(20个)的质量监测指标数据进行统计学分析,P<0.05差异具有统计学意义。结果17家血站关键设备监测合格率、环境卫生监测合格率、关键物料监测合格率、血液质量检查项目合格率平均值分别为99.47%、99.51%、99.95%和98.99%,不同规模血站间环境卫生监测合格率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),血液质量检查项目总数与血液制备总量皮尔逊相关系数r=0.645(P<0.05)。检验报废率、非检验报废率平均值为1.14%、3.36%,在不同规模血站间的报废率差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乳糜血报废率平均为3.07%,乳糜血报废率与非检验报废率成正相关(r=0.9813,P<0.05),实施乳糜血控制措施的血站和未实施控制措施的血站之间的乳糜血报废率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血液色泽异常报废率、非标量血液报废率、血袋破损报废率、溶血报废率、血液蛋白析出报废率、血液凝块报废率平均值为0.20%、0.14%、0.06%、0.06%、0.02%、0.02%,6项指标在大、中、小规模血站间进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);血液过期报废率、其他因素报废率、保密性弃血报废率、不合格标本血报废率平均值为0.02%、0.05%、0.003%、0.004%。气泡血报废率为0.015%,异物血报废率和标签不合格血报废率均为0。结论山东省血站质量控制监测指标体系能够监测过程管理中的薄弱环节,具有较好的适用性、可行性和有效性,有利于血站自身和血站之间的比对,取长补短,持续提升全省采供血质量控制水平,推进全省血液质量管理同质化和标准化发展,以及为开展血站综合评价奠定基础。

多波束测深声呐自主数据质量监测及门限控制

为满足水面无人艇等海洋无人平台的需求,确保多波束测深声呐系统在无人监控和参数调节下具备可靠自主工作能力,本文提出一种数据质量在线监测及门限参数控制方法。通过建立基于质量和异常因子的监测模型,结合粒子滤波技术,提高海底地形跟踪门限控制抗差性。仿真和湖上试验显示该方法能判定数据有效性、适应地形变化,并提供合理深度门限,适用于多波束测深声呐系统的在线数据质量监测和无人自主控制。

西藏自治区人民医院实施国家重点监控药品干预成效分析

目的:评价西藏自治区人民医院对重点监控药品进行重点干预的成效,为优化重点监控药品干预策略、促进临床合理用药提供参考。方法:西藏自治区人民医院于2020年制订《西藏自治区人民医院重点监控药品管理规定》,建立《西藏自治区人民医院重点监控药品目录》,同时开展重点监控药品处方及医嘱专项点评、采取点评结果公示及绩效考核挂钩等目标性干预措施,对比西藏自治区人民医院2019年4月-2020年3月(干预前)与2020年4月-2021年3月(干预后第一年)及2021年4月-2022年3月(干预后第二年)重点监控药品临床使用数据变化,评价重点干预措施对该类药品的管理成效及临床使用的影响。结果:该院干预后第一年及第二年的重点监控药品销售金额分别为1427.01万元、1388.12万元,低于干预前的2004.29万元;干预后重点监控药品销售金额占药品总销售金额比例分别为8.33%、7.47%,低于干预前的10.11%。重点监控药品各品种的DDC普遍较高,患者的经济负担较重。结论:西藏自治区人民医院重点监控药品的干预取得了一定成效,但医院应在此基础上采取有力措施,提高重点监控药品合理使用,进一步减轻患者经济负担。

核电厂安全级DCS缺省值设置策略研究

针对数字化仪控系统中无效信号的质量位随意蔓延使系统处于一种不确定状态的问题,结合核电厂运行工况和信号特性,对龙鳞平台故障诊断机制和信号质量位标识进行研究。考虑故障安全准则,系统性地提出缺省值设置原则。从信号执行功能和信号边界两个维度进行分析,确认缺省值的设置范围,并详细给出执行保护功能、报警功能、维护和试验功能信号的缺省值设置策略。同时,针对传统的缺省值验证方式无法全面、有效地进行缺省值验证的问题,提出一种利用全范围模拟机和虚拟数字化控制系统(DCS)进行缺省值验证的新方法。利用该方法可有效地对DCS内设置的缺省值进行系统性的验证。所提出的缺省值设置策略和验证方法可为后续核电厂安全级DCS的缺省值分析和设置提供全面的指导。

供电电源系统电能质量稳定性监测方法

监测供电电源系统电能质量是保障电力系统与用户侧设备安全运行的有效方法,为保障供电电源系统电能质量,研究供电电源系统电能质量稳定性监测方法。基于希尔伯特-黄变换HHT(Hilbert-Huang transform)算法监测供电电源系统电能质量信号帧中谐波频率与幅值,并检测电能质量扰动信号的扰动时间幅值与频率等,以此实现监测系统电能质量稳定性。通过实验检测不同压力(不同电能质量信号帧数量)条件下监测到的电能质量信号的丢帧率和准确率及电能质量信号传输时延,测试结果显示所研究方法可实现电能质量的监测。

玉米烘干自动监控系统设计

谷物干燥监控系统可以实时监测谷物烘干过程中的温度、湿度等关键参数,保证谷物在烘干过程中达到理想的水分含量,从而保证产品质量和食品安全。为提高玉米烘干效率,对玉米烘干过程进行监控。该文提出一种基于DCS的玉米烘干自动监控系统的设计,对输入模块、监控模块和输出模块进行设计,建立实时监测和报警机制,同时结合先进的自动化控制技术,能够有效提高烘干效率,降低能源消耗,提升生产质量,具有重要的应用价值和推广前景。

电厂智能输煤一体化分散控制系统的研究与应用

以电厂输煤系统为分析对象,完成该电厂输煤PLC控制系统的设计。设计输煤控制系统的主电路和PLC控制电路;在硬件设计的基础上,完成输煤PLC控制系统的程序流程功能设计;以WinCC组态软件为依托平台,开发该输煤控制系统的上位机监控系统画面,完成该火力发电厂输煤远程监控系统的组态设计;设计远程监控系统的各种图形界面和监控功能,实现对输煤系统的远程监控。

温湿度冷链监控管理系统在医院药品质控管理中的应用

通过安装温湿度冷链监控管理系统,监测冷链药品温湿度。比较2022年9月—2023年2月医院药品库房和冰箱系统监测记录的温湿度与人工记录温湿度温度超标和预警情况,总结影响存储药品库房和冰箱温湿度超标的原因,提出相应的解决办法,大大降低了药品质量问题的风险。为相关部门进行冷链药品储存条件检查时提供了可靠的数据和图像。所以,温湿度冷链监控管理系统为冷链药品的储存条件提供了更可靠、有效、高效的保障,更有利于保障冷链药品的安全有效,逐步实现医院冷链药品/试剂在冷链环节全程的信息化、智能化监控管理提供参考。

基于模糊测试技术的电力工控系统漏洞挖掘算法

针对工控系统运行环境封闭带来的传统漏洞检测无法导出系统组件进行分析的问题,根据工控网络协议特征,结合测试用例变异因子,针对Modbus_TCP公开协议提出一种改进的电力工控系统漏洞测试挖掘方法。所提方法利用变异因子与工控协议特征依赖关系,改造协议测试用例。通过将测试用例的特征值和数据域的长度值因子及其数值的选择进行合并,并做归一化处理,进而简化协议测试过程中变异因子的执行次数。针对Modbus_TCP工控协议的模糊测试结果表明,改进后的Fuzzing测试表现出了更高的测试用例接收率和测试效率,测试样例的平均接收率至少提高50%。

基于TCP/IP协议与关联规则的电力监控系统多线程通信方法

电力监控系统环境中存在过多噪声因素干扰,导致通信效率和质量低。为此,提出一种基于传输控制协议/网际协议(transmission control protocol/internet protocol,TCP/IP)与关联规则的多线程通信算法。将背景噪声看作电力监控信号的突变现象,查找回应突变函数的信号值,利用谐波分离算法,去除背景噪声。根据不同线程的传输特点,采用TCP/IP协议建立通信程序包,分别设置句柄、终止、挂起以及执行函数,为不同线程的通信数据,匹配不同的通信协议。试验结果证明:对电力监控系统源设备的传输信号多线程通信时,通信信号波频变化最为平稳,在0~2000 s的采样区间内,未出现传输为0现象;对背景噪声去噪后,波形相比原始信号变化明显较为稳定,没有出现过高或过低的幅值变化。所提方法通信信号表达平稳、效率较高,对原始信号的保留效果较好,去噪能力很强。