Financial Strategy during Power System Restructuring

Aiming at the problems of power structure irrationality, lagging of power network behind power source development and high proportion of overdone and small sized units existing currently in power system in China, financial and running strategies are set forth corresponding to power system restructuring.

The Combination of Two Control Strategies for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles

With most countries paying attention to the environment protection, hybrid electric vehicles have become a focus of automobile research and development due to the characteristics of energy saving and low emission. Power follower control strategy(PFCS) and DC-link voltage control strategy are two sorts of control strategies for series hybrid electric vehicles(HEVs). Combining those two control strategies is a new idea for control strategy of series hybrid electric vehicles. By tuning essential parameters which are the defined constants under DClink voltage control and under PFCS, the points of minimum mass of equivalent fuel consumption(EFC) corresponding to a series of variables are marked for worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure(WLTP). The fuel economy of series HEVs with the combination control schemes performs better compared with individual control scheme. The results show the effects of the combination control schemes for series HEVs driving in an urban environment.

An Analysis of the Great Power Strategy of India's Modi Government

Over the past two years, India's Modi government has demonstrated the following features: focusing on the goals of becoming a great power and shaping India's South Asian dominance, expanding the scope of diplomatic strategy, emphasizing the role of soft power and focusing on self-development as well as external environment. Modi's great power strategy is deeply influenced by the Indian realistic international political outlook and, to a certain extent, reflects the governing philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party. The great power strategy is Modi's governing foundation and governing style, embedding Modi distinctive personal style. Under the influence of the great power strategy, China and India have increased their economic cooperation scope, widening the forms of public diplomacy, with an obvious geopolitical collision; India is taking more measures to check China.

Application of Soft Power Strategy on Asian Civilization Spaces

While increasing contact between peoples and cultures,globalization does not weaken the diversity of world's civilizations.Soft power can serve as a lubricant to prevent the clash of civilizations and enhance dialogues between civilizations.The article summarizes the three components of China's soft power:cultural promoting,foreign assistance and the thought of"a harmonious world."Taking Uzbekistan as an example,the author also illustrates the path of the Islamic nations to implement"soft power"strategy.

High-Efficiency Rectifier for Wireless Energy Harvesting Based on Double Branch Structure

A rectifier circuit for wireless energy harvesting(WEH) with a wide input power range is proposed in this paper. We build up accurate models of the diodes to improve the accuracy of the design of the rectifier. Due to the nonlinear characteristics of the diodes, a new band-stop structure is introduced to reduce the imaginary part impedance and suppress harmonics. A novel structure with double branches and an optimized λ/4 microstrip line is proposed to realize the power division ratio adjustment by the input power automatically. The proposed two branches can satisfy the two cases with input power of-20 dBm to 0 dBm and 0 dBm to 15 dBm, respectively. Here, dBm = 10 log(P mW), and P represents power. An impedance compression network(ICN) is correspondingly designed to maintain the input impedance stability over the wide input power range. A rectifier that works at 2.45 GHz is implemented. The measured results show that the highest efficiency can reach 51.5% at the output power of 0 dBm and higher than 40% at the input power of-5 dBm to 12 dBm.

Multi-Period Resilient Model for VSC-Based AC-DC HDS Considering Public-Safety Power Shutoff to Mitigate Wildfires

This paper proposes a voltage source converter (VSC) -based AC-DC hybrid distribution system (HDS) resilient model to mitigate power outages caused by wildfires. Before a wildfire happens, the public-safety power shutoff (PSPS) strategy is applied to actively cut some vulnerable lines which may easily cause wildfires, and reinforce some lines that are connected to critical loads. To mitigate load shedding caused by active line disconnection in the PSPS strategy, network reconfiguration is applied before the wildfire occurrence. During the restoration period, repair crews (RCs) repair faulted lines, and network reconfiguration is also taken into consideration in the recovery strategy to pick up critical loads. Since there exists possible errors in the wildfire prediction, several different scenarios of wildfire occurrence have been taken into consideration, leading to the proposition of a stochastic multi-period resilient model for the VSC-based AC-DC HDS. To accelerate the computational performance, a progressive hedging algorithm has been applied to solve the stochastic model which can be written as a mixed-integer linear program. The proposed model is verified on a 106-bus AC-DC HDS under wildfire conditions, and the result shows the proposed model not only can improve the system resilience but also accelerate computational speed.

Intellectual Property Protection and High-Quality Development of Xinjiang Melons under the Big Food Concept

The development of diversified foods such as melons under the big food concept can reduce the pressure on staple food grain.Xinjiang has the advantages of building a new development pattern of dual circulation of diversified food industry and establishing a national diversified food safety and high-quality assurance center.The construction of an agricultural power needs the strategic support of an intellectual property power.This paper introduced and studied Xinjiang s melon industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources,analyzed the six main problems,including many idle land resources have not been developed into melon fields and the role of melons in diversified food supply systems not well played.Finally,it proposed to vigorously develop diversified food industries such as melons in Xinjiang and establish an eight-point strategy such as national diversified food safety and high-quality assurance center.

1.3 kW monolithic linearly polarized single-mode master oscillator power amplifier and strategies for mitigating mode instabilities

We report on the high-power amplification of a 1064 nm linearly polarized laser in an all-fiber polarizationmaintained master oscillator power amplifier,which can operate at an output power level of 1.3 kW.The beam quality(M^2) was measured to be <1.2 at full power operation.The polarization extinction rate of the fiber amplifier was measured to be above 94% before mode instabilities(MIs) set in,which reduced to about 90% after the onset of MI.The power scaling capability of strategies for suppressing MI is analyzed based on a semianalytical model,the theoretical results of which agree with the experimental results.It shows that mitigating MI by coiling the gain fiber is an effective and practical method in standard double-cladding large mode area fiber,and,by tight coiling of the gain fiber to the radius of 5.5 cm,the MI threshold can be increased to three times higher than that without coiling or loose coiling.Experimental studies have been carried out to verify the idea,which has proved that MI was suppressed successfully in the amplifier by proper coiling.

Active Power Correction Strategies Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning Part II:A Distributed Solution for Adaptability

This article is the second part of Active Power Correction Strategies Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning.In Part II,we consider the renewable energy scenarios plugged into the large-scale power grid and provide an adaptive algorithmic implementation to maintain power grid stability.Based on the robustness method in Part I,a distributed deep reinforcement learning method is proposed to overcome the infuence of the increasing renewable energy penetration.A multi-agent system is implemented in multiple control areas of the power system,which conducts a fully cooperative stochastic game.Based on the Monte Carlo tree search mentioned in Part I,we select practical actions in each sub-control area to search the Nash equilibrium of the game.Based on the QMIX method,a structure of offine centralized training and online distributed execution is proposed to employ better practical actions in the active power correction control.Our proposed method is evaluated in the modified global competition scenario cases of“2020 Learning to Run a Power Network.Neurips Track 2”.

China’s Maritime Public Diplomacy from the Perspective of the Maritime Community with a Shared Future

Maritime public diplomacy is needed to assist in implementing China’s maritime power strategy and joint construction of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.As a part of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era,China’s maritime public diplomacy follows the concept of building the maritime community with a shared future,and aims to explain China’s maritime strategy,strengthen maritime cooperation,expand the blue circle of friends,spread China’s traditional marine culture,and enhance blue soft power.Since Chinese government departments,coastal cities,central enterprises,mainstream media,and think tanks are politically reliable and can easily coordinate with each other,a"five in one"layout of maritime public diplomacy could allow them work together in the maritime field.

Study on the Strategy of Sea and Land Complex National Sea Rights-the Case of France

A land-sea composite state is a state based on land,close to the continental margin,with a long coastline and a certain degree of influence.In the development of sea-land complex countries,there are respective situations and strategic dilemmas in sea rights.Sea rights are closely linked to national destiny,and after years of development,experience and lessons are both present.France is a representative land and sea composite state.Its thought on sea rights has profound historical value and has made unique contributions to the development of global sea rights theory.Therefore,this paper takes the development of France’s sea power as a blueprint and studies the development of France’s sea power on land and sea composite countries,discusses the rise and fall of France’s sea power,and provides reference for China’s sea power strategy research.

Online power management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on deep reinforcement learning and driving cycle reconstruction

This paper proposes a novel power management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm.Three parallel soft actor-critic(SAC)networks are trained for high speed,medium speed,and low-speed conditions respectively;the reward function is designed as minimizing the cost of energy cost and battery aging.During operation,the driving condition is recognized at each moment for the algorithm invoking based on the learning vector quantization(LVQ)neural network.On top of that,a driving cycle reconstruction algorithm is proposed.The historical speed segments that were recorded during the operation are reconstructed into the three categories of high speed,medium speed,and low speed,based on which the algorithms are online updated.The SAC-based control strategy is evaluated based on the standard driving cycles and Shenyang practical data.The results indicate the presented method can obtain the effect close to dynamic programming and can be further improved by up to 6.38%after the online update for uncertain driving conditions.

Convergence Rate Evaluation of a DS-CDMA System with Centralized Power Control By Genetic Algorithm

In this paper, we propose an approach to solve the power control issue in a Digital Cellular System( DS CDMA ) cellular system using Genetic Algorithms ( GAs ). The transmitter power control developed in this paper has been proven to be efficient to control co channel interference, to increase bandwidth utilization and to balance the comprehensive services that are shared among all the mobiles with attaining a common Signal to Interference Ratio ( SIR ). In this paper, the optimal Centralized Power Control( CPC ) vector is characterized and its optimal solution to CPC is presented using GAs , in which First In First Out ( FIFO ) stacks and non linear decreasing functions are derived in the investigation for enforceing the convergence rate. Emphasis is put on the balance of services and convergence rate by using GAs .

An Optimal Dispatch Strategy for Distributed Microgrids Using PSO

Grid structures are rapidly evolving in view of contemporary energy policies which ensure the addition of more renewable sources to reduce the carbon footprint.Compared to a centralized approach,low voltage grids(decentralized and distributed)are promising approaches to integrating nondispatchable renewable energy sources(RESs).Installing local micro level power generation sources such as fuel cells,microturbines,and energy storage systems are a recent trend which helps in the intermittent effects of RESs and makes microgrids less dependable on the main grid.Due to the increasing variety of distributed generation sources having diverse characteristics,power dispatch scheduling of distributed microgrids is becoming challenging.A dispatch scheduling solution from an operator’s point of view is presented by the authors.The core objective of this study is to minimize the carbon emissions and the cost of each microgrid.Further,it is observed that sales and purchases from the main grid are reduced.Consequently,transmission losses are also decreased.

Integration of PV system with SMES based on model predictive control for utility grid reliability improvement

This paper describes the integration of a photovoltaic (PV) renewable energy source with a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system. The integrated system can improve the voltage stability of the utility grid and achieve power leveling. The control schemes employ model predictive control (MPC), which has gained significant attention in recent years because of its advantages such as fast response and simple implementation. The PV system provides maximum power at various irradiation levels using the incremental conductance technique (INC). The interfaced grid side converter of the SMES can control the grid voltage by regulating its injected reactive power to the grid, while the charge and discharge operation of the SMES coil can be managed by the system operator to inject/absorb active power to/from the grid to achieve the power leveling strategy. Simulation results based on MATLAB/Simulink® software prove the fast response of the system control objectives in tracking the setpoints at different loading scenarios and PV irradiance levels, while the SMES injects/absorbs active and reactive power to/from the grid during various events to improve the voltage response and achieve power leveling strategy.