A Real-Time System for Monitoring Distant Dynamic Displacement of Structures

Based on digital image processing technique, a real-time system is developed to monitor and detect the dynamic displacement of engineering structures. By processing pictures with a self-programmed software, the real-time coordinate of an object in a certain coordinate system can be obtained, and further dynamic displacement data and curve of the object can also be achieved. That is, automatic gathering and real-time processing of data can be carried out by this system simultaneously. For this system, first, an untouched monitoring technique is adopted, which can monitor or detect objects several to hundreds of meters apart; second, it has flexible installation condition and good monitoring precision of sub-millimeter degree; third, it is fit for dynamic, quasi-dynamic and static monitoring of large engineering structures. Through several tests and applications in large bridges, good reliability and dominance of the system is proved.

Dynamic Power Dissipation Control Method for Real-Time Processors Based on Hardware Multithreading

In order to eliminate the energy waste caused by the traditional static hardware multithreaded processor used in real-time embedded system working in the low workload situation, the energy efficiency of the hardware multithread is discussed and a novel dynamic multithreaded architecture is proposed. The proposed architecture saves the energy wasted by removing idle threads without manipulation on the original architecture, fulfills a seamless switching mechanism which protects active threads and avoids pipeline stall during power mode switching. The report of an implemented dynamic multithreaded processor with 45 nm process from synthesis tool indicates that the area of dynamic multithreaded architecture is only 2.27% higher than the static one in achieving dynamic power dissipation, and consumes 1.3% more power in the same peak performance.

Research and application of real-time monitoring and early warning thresholds for multi-temporal agricultural products information

Monitoring and early warning is an important means to effectively prevent risks in agricultural production,consumption and price.In particular,with the change of modes of national administration against the background of big data,improving the capacity to monitor agricultural products is of great significance for macroeconomic decision-making.Agricultural product information early warning thresholds are the core of agricultural product monitoring and early warning.How to appropriately determine the early warning thresholds of multi-temporal agricultural product information is a key question to realize real-time and dynamic monitoring and early warning.Based on the theory of abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information and the research of substantive impact on the society,this paper comprehensively discussed the methods to determine the thresholds of agricultural product information fluctuation in different time dimensions.Based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBSC)and survey data,this paper used a variety of statistical methods to determine the early warning thresholds of the production,consumption and prices of agricultural products.Combined with Delphi expert judgment correction method,it finally determined the early warning thresholds of agricultural product information in multiple time,and carried out early warning analysis on the fluctuation of agricultural product monitoring information in 2018.The results show that:(1)the daily,weekly and monthly monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural products play an important early warning role in monitoring abnormal fluctuations with agricultural products;(2)the multitemporal monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural product information identified by the research institute can provide effective early warning on current abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information,provide a benchmarking standard for China's agricultural production,consumption and price monitoring and early warning at the national macro level,and further improve the application of China's agricultural product monitoring and early warning.

Design and validation of real-time dynamic spectrum management in OFDM-based HNPLC systems

Time-varying frequency selective attenuation and colored noises are unfavorable characteristics of power line communication(PLC) channels of the low voltage networks.To overcome these disadvantages,a novel real-time dynamic spectrum management(DSM) algorithm in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)-based high-speed narrow-band power line communication(HNPLC) systems is proposed,and the corresponding FPGA circuit is designed and realized.Performance of the proposed DSM is validated with a large amount of network experiments under practical PLC circumstance.As the noise in each narrow subcarrier is approximately Gaussian,the proposed DSM adopts the BER/SER expression formulized via the AWGN channel to provide a handy and universal strategy for power allocation.The real-time requirement is guaranteed by choosing subcarriers in group and employing the same modulation scheme within each transmission.These measures are suitable for any modulation scheme no matter the system criterion is to maximize data rate or minimize power/BER.Algorithm design and hardware implementation of the proposed DSM are given with some flexible and efficient conversions.The DSM circuit is carried out with Xilinx KC705.Simulation and practical experiments validate that the proposed real-time DSM significantly improves system performance.

Seismic Deformation and Seismic Resistance Analysis of Shapai Roller Compacted Concrete Arch Dam Based on Field Monitoring and Dynamic Finite Element Method

Shapai Roller Compacted Concrete(RCC) Arch Dam is the highest RCC arch dam of the 20th century in the world with a maximum height of 132m,and it is the only concrete arch dam near the epicentre of Wenchuan earthquake on May 12th,2008.The seismic damage to the dam and the resistance of the dam has drawn great attention.This paper analyzed the response and resistance of the dam to the seismic wave using numerical simulations with comparison to the monitored data.The field investigation after the earthquake and analysis of insitu data record showed that there was only little variation in the opening size at the dam and foundation interface,transverse joints and inducing joints before and after the earthquake.The overall stability of the dam abutment resistance body was quite good except a little relaxation was observed.The results of the dynamic finite element method(FEM) showed that the sizes of the openings obtained from the numerical modeling are comparable with the monitored values,and the change of the opening size is in millimeter range.This study revealed that Shapai arch dam exhibited high seismic resistance and overload capacity in the Wenchuan earthquake event.The comparison of the monitored and simulated results showed that the numerical method applied in this paper well simulated the seismic response of the dam.The method could be useful in the future application on the safety evaluation of RCC dams.

Real-Time Grouting Monitoring and Visualization Analysis System for Dam Foundation Curtain Grouting

A real-time monitoring and 3D visualization analysis system is proposed for dam foundation curtain grouting. Based on the real-time control technology, the optimization method and the set theory, a mathematical model of the system is established. The real-time collection and transmission technology of the grouting data provides a data foundation for the system. The real-time grouting monitoring and dynamic alarming method helps the system control the grouting quality during the grouting process, thus, the abnormalities of grouting, such as jacking and hydraulic uplift, can be effectively controlled. In addition, the 3D grouting visualization analysis technology is proposed to establish the grouting information model(GIM). The GIM provides a platform to visualize and analyze the grouting process and results. The system has been applied to a hydraulic project of China as a case study, and the application results indicate that the real-time grouting monitoring and 3D visualization analysis for the grouting process can help engineers control the grouting quality more efficiently.

Real-Time Monitoring of Dynamic Chemical Processes in Microbial Metabolism with Optical Sensors

Monitoring microbial metabolism is vital for revealing the mechanism of disease related to microbial metabolism and providing guidance for biomanufacturing processes optimization.However,it remains a grand challenge to offer real-time insights into microbial metabolism owing to the complex and dynamic process.In this paper,the recent advances and prospects of optical biosensors including the organic,genetic coding and inorganic optical biosensors are briefly described for real-time monitoring of dynamic microbial metabolism.This paper points out that challenges remain in microbial heterogeneity.We believe that this work will inspire the application of developing new methods for single cell real-time analysis.

Design to conditioning circuits of dynamic compensation of reactive power in the intelligence voltage controller

The paper introduces one design idea that making use of SCM to control Real-timely the dynamic compensation of reactive power.Firstly,design one Circuit to Sample the voltage and current,and by these datas we can easily calculate the power factor,and Voltage controller in the microcontroller to determine whether input the compensation capacitance according to the size of power factor,the paper also analyzes the principle of capacitance compensation and calculation method. Dynamic compensation for the entire process is quick and accurate.

Implementation of Dynamic Line Rating in a Sub-Transmission System for Wind Power Integration

Based on conventional static line rating method, the actual current carrying capability of overhead conductors cannot be judged. Due to continuous increment in electricity demand and the difficulties associated with new line constructions, the overhead lines are therefore required to be rated based on a method that should establish their real-time capability in terms of electricity transmission. The method used to determine the real-time ampacity of overhead conductors not only can enhance their transmission capacity but can also help in allowing excessive renewable generation in the electricity network. In this research work, the issues related to analyzing an impact of wind power on periodical loading of overhead line as well as finding its static and dynamic ampacities with line current are investigated in detail. Moreover, the investigation related to finding a suitable location for the construction of a 60 MW wind farm is taken on board. Thereafter, the wind park is integrated with a regional grid, owned by Fortum Distribution AB. In addition to that, the electricity generated from the wind park is also calculated in this project. Later on, the work is devoted to finding the static and dynamic line ratings for “VL3” overhead conductor by using IEEE-738-2006 standard. Furthermore, the project also deals with finding the line current and making its comparison with maximum capacity of overhead conductor (VL3) for loading it in such a way that no any violation of safe ground clearance requirements is observed at all. Besides, the line current, knowing the conductor temperature when it transmits the required electricity in the presence of wind power generation is also an important factor to be taken into consideration. Therefore, based on real-time ambient conditions with actual line loading and with the help of IEEE-738-2006 standard, the conductor temperature is also calculated in this project. At the end, an economic analysis is performed to evaluate the financial advantages related to applying the dynamic line ratings approach in place of traditional static line ratings technique across an overhead conductor (VL3) and to know how much beneficial it is to temporarily postpone the rebuilding and/or construction of a new transmission line. Furthermore, an economic analysis related to wind power system is taken into consideration as well to get familiar with the costs related to building and connecting a 60 MW wind farm with the regional grid.

Practical Implementation and Operational Experience of Dynamic Mode Decomposition in Wide-area Monitoring Systems of Italian Power System

This study presents the assumptions and strategies for the practical implementation of the dynamic mode decomposition approach in the wide-area monitoring system of the Italian transmission system operator,Terna.The procedure setup aims to detect poorly damped interarea oscillations of power systems.Dynamic mode decomposition is a data-driven technique that has gained increasing attention in different fields;the proposed implementation can both characterize the oscillatory modes and identify the most influenced areas.This study presents the results of its practical implementation and operational experience in power system monitoring.It focuses on the main characteristics and solutions identified to reliably monitor the interarea electromechanical modes of the interconnected European power system.Moreover,conditions to issue an appropriate alarm in case of critical operating conditions are described.The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by its application in three case studies:a critical oscillatory event and a short-circuit event that occurred in the Italian power system in the previous years,and a 15-min time interval of normal grid operation recorded in March 2021.

Dynamic time-cost-quality tradeoff of rockfill dam construction based on real-time monitoring

Time, cost, and quality are three key control factors in rockfill dam construction, and the tradeoff among them is important. Research has focused on the construction time-cost-quality tradeoff for the planning or design phase, built on static empirical data. However, due to its intrinsic uncertainties, rockfill dam construction is a dynamic process which requires the tradeoffto adjust dynamically to changes in construction conditions. In this study, a dynamic time-cost-quality tradeoff （DTCQT） method is proposed to balance time, cost, and quality at any stage of the construction process. A time-cost-quality tradeoff model is established that considers time cost and quality cost. Time, cost, and quality are dynamically estimated based on real-time monitoring. The analytic hierarchy process （AHP） method is applied to quantify the decision preferences among time, cost, and quality as objective weights. In addition, an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA-II） coupled with the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） method is used to search for the optimal compromise solution. A case study project is analyzed to demonstrate the applicability of the method, and the efficiency of the proposed optimization method is compared with that of the linear weighted sum （LWS） and NSGA-II.

通信机房节能减排技术的应用研究

随着通信网规模的扩大,电信机房中的通信设备及电源系统也呈几何级数增长,这极大地提高了电力消耗和电力费用。因此,加强对通信机房生产能耗的控制,对新的节能减排技术的研究和推广,具有重要的现实意义。文中通过对通信室能源消耗状况和节能减排意义的分析,从供电模式、动环监测和通风保温3个方面探讨了各类节能技术在通信机房中的运用,并对其适用场合和节能效应进行了分析,以期实现节能减排。

基于PKI公钥体系的电力监控网络安全接入机制

针对电力监控网络服务请求繁多、身份认证速度慢等网络拥塞问题,通过深入分析网络通信过程中数据泄漏发生原理,并基于PKI机制下的挑战响应模式对通信双方的密钥进行动态更新,利用哈希函数对用户身份在通信前做及时认证,设计了一种安全电力监控网络安全的接入体系,实现对网络节点的信息化控制。实验结果表明,所提的基于PKI机制的方案较传统基于对称机制的方案在牺牲少量计算代价的情况下,可实现通信数据高保密高可靠传输,在密钥协商的相互认证阶段本文花费的通信开销相较于对称机制节省约4%。

一种自动监测站多功能电源模块的方案研究

针对水利自动监测站设备的电源供电问题,提出了一种基于Mini-PCIe模块的多功能电源模块方案。该方案通过集成电源转换和控制等功能,实现结构简单、体积小、移植方便、运维便捷的效果。同时,采用各类瞬态抑制稳压管配合光电隔离芯片实现防雷击与浪涌,保证AC采样通道的安全。该方案具有较高的电源转换效率、丰富的功能和良好的安全性能,可广泛应用于各类场景。

基于零信任的电力监控系统厂站端安全防护模型

电力监控系统的安全关系到全社会的电力供应,而电力行业信息化的不断深入,使得电力设备更易被攻击。面对电力监控系统厂站端网络通信结构的复杂性,文章提出了一种基于“零信任”结构的厂站端安全防护模型,模型包含3个主要模块:身份认证、动态访问控制和信任评估。身份认证模块根据设备特征生成设备身份标识,能有效地验证设备身份;动态访问控制能根据设备不断变化的信誉度调整用户权限;信任评估模块使用贝塔信誉系统和风险值生成设备信任度。通过仿真实验,验证了提出的信任评估机制的有效性,能在一定次数的信任评估后发现失陷设备,取消失陷设备的权限。

基于动态模态分解与异常辨识的山地电力装备运输车传动部件状态智能监测

针对现有山地电力装备运输车支援条件不足导致电力设施建设与维护难等问题,结合动态模态分解方法与异常辨识方法,提出了一种不依赖于任何给定先验知识的山地电力装备运输车传动部件异常数据实时智能监测方法。该方法首先基于滚动轴承振动数据信息通过动态模态分解方法对其进行实时预测,随后基于图结构方法进行实时预测信号的异常辨识,并利用其进行山地电力装备运输车的关键传动部件运行状态变化的智能监测。结果表明,所提方法在仿真信号和试验信号中均取得了较好的效果,其识别精度分别为95%及100%。该方法是山地电力装备运输车传动部件状态智能监测的有益尝试,具有较快的实时性。

动态无功补偿装置电压调节增益自动优化研究

针对动态无功补偿装置电压调节器的参数仅能在一定的短路容量范围内保持快速稳定的响应,当应用于短路容量变化范围较大的新能源汇集系统时,响应可能会变得非常慢或出现振荡。提出一种动态无功补偿装置电压调节增益自动优化方法,对应用于实际工程时电压波形畸变、电流波形畸变、其他自动电压补偿装置对短路容量计算结果的影响进行了研究并提出解决方案。在RTDS中对提出的增益自动优化方法进行了仿真研究,结果表明所设计的电压调节增益自动优化方法可以根据系统需求自动调整和优化增益。

基于多参数识别的电力载波通信信号监测系统设计

电力载波通信信号在传输过程中存在衰减,为降低电力载波通信传输误码率,实时监测信号传输行为,设计了基于多参数识别的电力载波通信信号监测系统。根据动态遗忘因子取值范围,建立多参数识别机制,再联合相关载波通信数据,求解信号衰减参数,完成对电力载波通信的可行性分析。按照载波通信体系整体架构的布局形式,确定滤波器、耦合器元件所属连接位置,完成电力载波通信信号监测系统设计。对比实验结果表明,在多参数识别机制作用下,电力载波通信传输误码率最大值仅为23.5%,在实时监测信号传输行为方面具有突出应用价值。

基于动力定位技术的火电厂碳排放实时监测系统

为提升火电厂碳排放监测效果,设计一种基于动力定位技术的火电厂碳排放实时监测系统。首先设计火电厂碳排放在线监测装置,在气体浓度反演模块中,应用最小二乘法拟合法与多元函数求极值法实施测量气体的浓度反演。在烟气定位模块中实施火电厂烟气定位与测量。利用设计系统对某火电厂实施碳排放实时监测,测试结果表明,设计系统能够实现多处测点的火电厂碳排放实时监测,监测结果与实际情况相符;测点处采样探头上落下的烟尘量非常轻微,最低仅为0.005 mm,能够实现烟气定位与烟气差压测量,实用性能良好。

智能配电网中的SOP技术分析

阐述系统运营平台(SOP)的核心技术,介绍高效率电力转换与控制、电力控制策略。探讨SOP智能配电网关键技术的运用,包括在智能配电网多源整合中的动态电网平衡与SOP关键策略的应用。