Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis Using Fuzzy Reasoning Spiking Neural P Systems

This paper presents an intelligent technique to fault diagnosis of power transformers dissolved and free gas analysis (DGA). Fuzzy Reasoning Spiking neural P systems (FRSN P systems) as a membrane computing with distributed parallel computing model is powerful and suitable graphical approach model in fuzzy diagnosis knowledge. In a sense this feature is required for establishing the power transformers faults identifications and capturing knowledge implicitly during the learning stage, using linguistic variables, membership functions with “low”, “medium”, and “high” descriptions for each gas signature, and inference rule base. Membership functions are used to translate judgments into numerical expression by fuzzy numbers. The performance method is analyzed in terms for four gas ratio (IEC 60599) signature as input data of FRSN P systems. Test case results evaluate that the proposals method for power transformer fault diagnosis can significantly improve the diagnosis accuracy power transformer.

Fault Diagnosis of Power Transformer Based on Improved ACGAN Under Imbalanced Data

The imbalance of dissolved gas analysis(DGA)data will lead to over-fitting,weak generalization and poor recognition performance for fault diagnosis models based on deep learning.To handle this problem,a novel transformer fault diagnosis method based on improved auxiliary classifier generative adversarial network(ACGAN)under imbalanced data is proposed in this paper,which meets both the requirements of balancing DGA data and supplying accurate diagnosis results.The generator combines one-dimensional convolutional neural networks(1D-CNN)and long short-term memories(LSTM),which can deeply extract the features from DGA samples and be greatly beneficial to ACGAN’s data balancing and fault diagnosis.The discriminator adopts multilayer perceptron networks(MLP),which prevents the discriminator from losing important features of DGA data when the network is too complex and the number of layers is too large.The experimental results suggest that the presented approach can effectively improve the adverse effects of DGA data imbalance on the deep learning models,enhance fault diagnosis performance and supply desirable diagnosis accuracy up to 99.46%.Furthermore,the comparison results indicate the fault diagnosis performance of the proposed approach is superior to that of other conventional methods.Therefore,the method presented in this study has excellent and reliable fault diagnosis performance for various unbalanced datasets.In addition,the proposed approach can also solve the problems of insufficient and imbalanced fault data in other practical application fields.

A Heuristic Approach to the Diagnosis of Transformer’s Insulating Oil

The transformer plays so important equipment in power system that engineers take more measures on the insulating oil of transformer by diagnosis. The dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is an effective technique for detecting incipient faults in oil-immersed power transformers. So the paper investigates the DGA methods, while employ the ANSI/IEEE C57.104 standards and the Key Gas diagnosis rules as base to develop a fast transformer fault diagnosis method in practice. I designed a report’s form which was so easy to understand that we can have accurate diagnosis what was up in the body of transformer by EXCEL programmed. The user only keys in the measured data of main gases including CO, H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6 those gases were taken from ASTM D3612’s instruction. Then the diagnosis result was showed in texts and the plotted figures which were two figures to compare diagnosis the test’s figure with the reference figure of the Key Gas diagnosis rules that was taken the analysis of transformer fault from over past in power system. Last but not least, the proposal offers a simple, quick, and an accurate of diagnosis through human-machine interface. While which was been quickly, simply, and accurately proved on October 25th, 2012 Nan Cou E/S #4 ATr’s insulating oil of diagnosis.

A Hybrid Diagnosis Approach on Transformer’s Insulating Oil

The immersed-oil power transformer is so vital equipment in power system that maintenance-engineers take more monitor from transformer’s insulating oil to diagnose what is condition of operation. Then the dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is known for an effective technique on detecting incipient faults in oil-immersed power transformers. In this paper, a practical method is presented which consists of the Roger & Dernenber Ratio Methods, the Linear SVM diagnosis, the Key Gas method and the Specification ANSI/IEEE C57.104 Standard. Thus, incipient faults in power immersed-oil transformers can be directly identified by a report’s form which is so easy understood that we can accurate of diagnosis transformer. The user only keys in the measured data of main gases such as H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and CO those gases were must decompose via ASTM-D3612. The diagnosis result was showed in texts. This paper was taken some data from Taiwan and Siemens Power Company to verify the program that was validation and accuracy of the transformer’s insulating oil diagnosis tool.

A New Approach with Three Dimension Figure and ANSI/IEEE C57.104 Standard Rule Diagnoses Transformer’s Insulating Oil

The dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is an effective method for detecting incipient faults in immersed oil power transformers. In this paper, we investigate the DGA methods and employ the ANSI/IEEE C57.104 standards (guidelines for the interpretation of gases generated in oil-immersed transformers) and IEC Basic Gas Ratio method to design a heuristic power transformer fault diagnosis tool in practice. The proposed tool is implemented by a MATLAB program and it can provide users a transformer diagnosis result. The user keys in the data of H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6 gases dissolved from the immersed oil transformer’s insulating oil measured by ASTM D3612. The analyzed results will be represented in texts and figures. The real measured data of the transformer oil were taken from Taiwan Power Company substations to verify the validation and accuracy of the developed diagnosis tool.

基于小波网络及油中溶解气体分析的电力变压器故障诊断方法

小波网络是近年来发展起来的一种高效非线性信号处理新模型。该文将适于电力变压器故障诊断的小波网络分为第一、第二类小波网络,提出了基于自适应算法小波网络的变压器故障诊断方法,该方法继承了人工神经网络的学习能力和小波变换的局部化特征,具有良好的收敛性和鲁棒性。选择经模糊预处理的250组油中溶解气体作为采用不同小波基的2类小波网络训练与识别样本,对训练过程和仿真结果进行对比分析。大量诊断实例表明,文中提出的2类小波网络均适于变压器故障诊断,其性能优于单独使用传统BP神经网络的方法。

基于油中溶解气体分析的电力变压器绝缘故障诊断方法

电力变压器是电力系统的枢纽设备，其运行可靠性直接关系到电力系统的安全与稳定，油中溶解气体分析方法作为一种有效的充油电力设备异常监测手段，在电力系统得到广泛的应用。本文综述了基于油中溶解气体分析的电力变压器故障诊断技术的产生背景。

基于遗传算法进化小波神经网络的电力变压器故障诊断

在电力变压器故障诊断方法中,小波神经网络常用的反向传播算法存在着易陷入局部极小点和对初值要求较高的缺点,往往给故障诊断带来困难。文中提出了一种基于遗传算法进化小波神经网络的变压器故障诊断方法,用实数编码的遗传算法来代替人解决小波神经网络结构的选择和参数的设定。在整个学习过程中,网络的复杂度、收敛性和泛化能力得到了较好的综合。大量实例表明,该方法能有效地对电力变压器单故障和多故障样本进行分类,提高了诊断准确率。

基于核可能性聚类算法和油中溶解气体分析的电力变压器故障诊断研究

变压器油中溶解气体分析(DissolvedGasAnalysis,DGA)是电力变压器绝缘诊断的重要方法。针对模糊C均值聚类算法用于溶解气体成分分析时存在的问题,文中将核函数和可能性聚类算法相结合,提出一种简化的核可能性聚类算法,并将其用于变压器DGA数据分析,从而实现变压器的故障诊断。经实践证明,该算法能快速、有效地对样本进行聚类,且特别适用于含有噪声样本的环境。

基于组合决策树的油浸式电力变压器故障诊断

提出了一种利用属于模式识别范畴的决策树C4.5法进行变压器故障诊断的方法。由于C4.5方法可方便地处理连续特征模式且有从样本学习判定规则的功能,因此应用中显示了该方法对于变压器故障诊断的适用性。在讨论变压器故障空间的基础上,针对已积累的故障变压器的大量油中溶解气体等数据,考察了各类故障的特征偏置,并在此基础上构造出组合决策树诊断模型,实现了变压器故障由粗到细的逐级划分,有利于提高诊断的准确性。实例表明该模型的有效性。

核主成分分析与随机森林相结合的变压器故障诊断方法

油中溶解气体分析(dissolved gas analysis,DGA)是变压器故障诊断的重要方法。变压器故障诊断研究大多采用人工智能方法学习建立单个分类器,与单个分类器相比,分类器群能够更全面地学习样本集特性,达到更好的诊断效果。分类器间的差异性是影响群体性能的主要因素,针对DGA特征量较少训练得到的分类器差异不大的问题,提出将核主成分分析(kernel principle component analysis,KPCA)与随机森林方法相结合,KPCA将样本从低维的状态空间非线性地映射到高维的核空间,在核空间用随机森林方法训练得到分类器群。对DGA故障样本以及加噪样本的诊断实验结果表明,KPCA能够有效地提取故障特征,用核特征量建模的诊断效果优于直接采用DGA特征量,分类器群的诊断效果以及抗干扰能力均高于单个分类器。

基于BP网络算法优化模糊Petri网的电力变压器故障诊断

为了提高电力变压器故障诊断的正确率,提出了一种基于BP网络算法优化模糊Petri网的电力变压器故障诊断方法。利用具有自学习、自适应能力的BP网络算法,在确定模糊Petri网的权值、阈值、可信度等网络参数初始值的前提下,实现模糊Petri网网络参数的优化。在模糊Petri网网络结构上,运用BP网络算法,对电力变压器DGA样本进行学习训练,使模糊Petri网网络参数逐步向真实值逼近。实例分析结果表明,该方法能够有效地诊断电力变压器中的单一故障和多重故障,提高故障诊断正确率,证明了方法的正确性和有效性。

利用小波神经网络的电力变压器故障诊断方法

为提高变压器传统油中溶解气体分析(DGA)的故障诊断能力,提出了一种利用小波神经网络(WNN)的变压器故障诊断方法。WNN隐含层采用离散仿射小波函数,仿照前馈BP神经网络算法构造WNN,引入学习率和动量系数来训练网络。实验结果表明:相同条件下,较之传统比值法与BP神经网络,WNN的故障模式识别准确率更高,对照BP神经网络,所提出的WNN变压器故障诊断方法在稳定性和收敛时间方面表现更优。

基于灰关联熵的充油变压器故障诊断方法

油中溶解气体分析是目前发现变压器潜伏性故障的重要方法,鉴于用IEC推荐的三比值法中编码缺陷(编码超出码表)及变压器故障诊断的复杂性,文中详细阐述了如何将灰关联熵应用于变压器故障诊断。首先通过统计方法,选择典型油中气体作为参考列,并经反复调整,挖掘出油中气体所含故障信息,然后利用灰关联熵方法进行变压器故障类型诊断。该方法基于融合互补的思想,将灰关联分析方法与信息熵理论有机结合起来,克服了单一灰关联分析中易造成局部关联及信息损失等缺陷,尽可能多地包含变压器本体所含信息。实例分析结果表明,该方法具有较好的分类效果。

变压器油纸绝缘气隙放电特性及其产气规律

变压器油纸绝缘局部放电是引起运行变压器绝缘老化和破坏的主要原因之一,及时了解局部放电的产生与发展以及其产生气体的变化规律能判断运行变压器内部的潜伏性故障及发展,为此,基于油纸绝缘气隙放电模型,研究了变压器油纸绝缘气隙放电的产生、发展及其特征参量的变化规律,实验分析了放电发展过程中油中溶解气体的产生及变化特征,实验结果表明,油纸气隙放电产生的主要气体为H2、CH4和CO,随着放电时间的增长,绝对产气速率呈下降的趋势;结合模糊诊断探索了气隙放电与油中溶解气体的对应关系,在改良三比值编码中与气隙放电相关程度最大的编码是"100"。

基于改进型主成分分析的电力变压器潜伏性故障诊断

基于变压器油中溶解气体分析(DGA),提出采用改进型主成分分析(PCA)法对变压器内部潜伏性故障进行诊断。该方法不采用传统主成分分析的标准化方法,而是采用样本指标绝对值之和对样本指标值进行标准化处理,既消除各指标数值在数量级上的差异,又保持了各个样本间的信息差异特征;根据主成分的累计贡献率选取样本主成分,对样本主成分之间的欧氏距离进行聚类,判断变压器的故障类型。实例诊断表明,该方法能有效地提高变压器内部潜伏性故障诊断的准确率。

基于云物元分析原理的电力变压器故障诊断方法研究

变压器油中溶解气体分析(DGA)是电力变压器故障诊断的重要方法。针对物元理论变压器故障诊断方法中,在建立故障模式物元模型时没有考虑边界值的不确定性的不足,首次在变压器故障诊断研究方面引入云模型,结合云模型的不确定推理特性以及物元理论能同时进行定性定量分析问题的优点,提出了一种基于云物元分析原理和DGA相结合的电力变压器故障诊断新方法。通过建立变压器故障诊断的云物元模型和计算特征云物元与标准云物元之间的关联函数,实现对变压器故障模式的有效识别。实例分析验证了方法的正确性和有效性。

基于组合神经网络模型的电力变压器故障诊断方法

对故障空间的划分以及组合神经网络的构造方式 ,是利用组合神经网络进行变压器故障识别的关键。在讨论变压器故障空间划分方法及其存在问题的基础上 ,针对已积累的故障变压器的大量溶解气体数据 ,考察了各类故障的气体特征及聚类分析结果 ,并在此基础上构造了组合神经网络分层结构模型 ,实现了对变压器故障由粗到细的逐级划分 ,以提高诊断的准确性 ,为制定维修策略提供了依据。最后 。

基于深度自编码网络的电力变压器故障诊断

基于深度自编码网络(DAEN),构建了分类深度自编码网络(CDAEN)模型。结合电力变压器在线监测油中溶解气体分析(DGA)数据,提出了基于CDAEN的变压器故障诊断方法。所提方法利用大量无标签样本进行预训练,优化模型参数,并利用少量有标签样本进行微调。实例分析表明,与基于反向传播神经网络(BPNN)、支持向量机(SVM)的故障诊断方法相比,所提方法的诊断正确率更高。

基于改进小波神经网络算法的电力变压器故障诊断方法

大型电力变压器作为电力系统的枢纽设备,其运行可靠性直接关系到电力系统的安全与稳定。针对基于BP算法的小波神经网络存在收敛速度慢、搜索空间局部极小及易引起振荡等不足,本文以变压器油中溶解气体为分析对象,提出采用动量项和变学习率改进小波神经网络的变压器故障诊断算法。选择400组油中溶解气体含量作为小波神经网络训练及故障识别样本,对训练过程和仿真结果进行对比分析。实验结果表明:较之比值法,改进的小波神经网络故障诊断算法在故障识别准确率和收敛时间方面表现更优。