Under the Lisbon Treaty, the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs （HRVP） has obtained far-reaching powers to formulate, coordinate and implement EU external policies, traditionally a prerogative of the state. ...Under the Lisbon Treaty, the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs （HRVP） has obtained far-reaching powers to formulate, coordinate and implement EU external policies, traditionally a prerogative of the state. In the exercise of this delegated powers, the HRVP is assisted by a dedicated administrative body, the European External Action Service （EEAS）. Formal decision-making over the EU＇s common foreign and security policy lies with the Council, while the European Neighborhood and Trade policies, as well as international cooperation remain competences of the EU-Commission. Concomitantly, the EEAS is situated within several, partly overlapping and conflicting accountability relationships. The ensuing question is： To what extent, how and by whom can the HRVP and the EEAS be held politically to account？ With data from official documents, 50 semi-structured interviews and a survey among 184 EU foreign policy-makers, the article maps and assesses of the multi-level actor/forum relationships of the EU＇s foreign policy machinery.展开更多
The close coupling of civil litigation rights and human rights mean how well litigation rights are realized can directly or indirectly affect the judicial protection of human rights.Therefore,human rights protection i...The close coupling of civil litigation rights and human rights mean how well litigation rights are realized can directly or indirectly affect the judicial protection of human rights.Therefore,human rights protection in the field of civil litigation should take the right of civil litigation as the starting point and core.Based on a sample questionnaire survey of judges and lawyers,this paper conducts an empirical analysis and proposes that the exercise of this right should be taken as the main line to build a comprehensive protection mechanism for this right to realize its role in providing an institutional guarantee for human rights protection.It specifies three aspects:first,the process of filing a case should uphold the freedom and equality of the right to initiate litigation,remove substantial obstacles that affect the filing of the case,and ensure access to justice for disadvantaged groups;second,the trial procedure should have strengthened checks and balances on judicial power to ensure the right of litigation is compromised,and respects the procedural subject status of the two parties to realize equal protection of both parties;the third is to promote the implementation and improvement of relief for this right in the supervisory procedure,clarify the boundary of its relief by procuratorial supervision,and enhance the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the relief.展开更多
文摘Under the Lisbon Treaty, the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs （HRVP） has obtained far-reaching powers to formulate, coordinate and implement EU external policies, traditionally a prerogative of the state. In the exercise of this delegated powers, the HRVP is assisted by a dedicated administrative body, the European External Action Service （EEAS）. Formal decision-making over the EU＇s common foreign and security policy lies with the Council, while the European Neighborhood and Trade policies, as well as international cooperation remain competences of the EU-Commission. Concomitantly, the EEAS is situated within several, partly overlapping and conflicting accountability relationships. The ensuing question is： To what extent, how and by whom can the HRVP and the EEAS be held politically to account？ With data from official documents, 50 semi-structured interviews and a survey among 184 EU foreign policy-makers, the article maps and assesses of the multi-level actor/forum relationships of the EU＇s foreign policy machinery.
基金phased project of“Judicial System and Human Rights Protection——A Study on the Protection of the Right of Action in Civil Judicial Reform”(19JJD820014)the Ministry of Education’s Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences for Colleges and Universities in 2019
文摘The close coupling of civil litigation rights and human rights mean how well litigation rights are realized can directly or indirectly affect the judicial protection of human rights.Therefore,human rights protection in the field of civil litigation should take the right of civil litigation as the starting point and core.Based on a sample questionnaire survey of judges and lawyers,this paper conducts an empirical analysis and proposes that the exercise of this right should be taken as the main line to build a comprehensive protection mechanism for this right to realize its role in providing an institutional guarantee for human rights protection.It specifies three aspects:first,the process of filing a case should uphold the freedom and equality of the right to initiate litigation,remove substantial obstacles that affect the filing of the case,and ensure access to justice for disadvantaged groups;second,the trial procedure should have strengthened checks and balances on judicial power to ensure the right of litigation is compromised,and respects the procedural subject status of the two parties to realize equal protection of both parties;the third is to promote the implementation and improvement of relief for this right in the supervisory procedure,clarify the boundary of its relief by procuratorial supervision,and enhance the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the relief.
