Studies on the Economical and Practical Temperature Control Facility of Deep-Litter Systems for Swine Production

Deep-Litter System is a high yield approach to raise swine with pollution free in a lower cost. In the research, based on the heat stress in summer caused by fermentation, three temperature-control systems were designed, including natural ventilation through transoms, forced ventilation via fans, and cooling by hyperbaric spray system. Specifically, the latter intermittent auto-pressurized spray system developed in our lab, which could spray successively via pressure from storage tubes without wetting the fermentation bed, is suitable for the promotion with the deep-litter technology in rural regions , since the power consumption is only 1 kwh per day.

Knowledge,attitude and behaviour to evidence-based practice among psychiatric nurses:A cross-sectional survey

Objective To identify the status of knowledge,attitude,and behaviour toward evidence-based practice(EBP)among Chinese psychiatric nurses,and to examine the influencing factors of EBP behaviour.Methods We utilised a cross-sectional design.A total of 923 psychiatric nurses from 168 hospitals in 27 provinces in the mainland of China participated in our survey.The EBP questionnaire,the barriers to research utilisation scale and the facilitators to research utilisation scale were used for data collection via WeChat group from July 2018 to April 2019.Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the influencing factors of psychiatric nurses’evidence-based practice behaviour.Results The score of Chinese psychiatric nurses’EBP attitude,behaviour and knowledge were 4.81±1.34,4.11±1.36 and 3.53±1.29,respectively.Multiple regression analysis showed that nurses’EBP behaviour was mainly determined by knowledge and attitude,which together explained 61.8%of the variance.The two top barriers were the dimensions of presentation and research.Facilitators include managerial support,employing nurses with research skills as models and providing advanced education on evidence-based nursing.Conclusion Psychiatric nurses have positive attitudes toward EBP,but their level of knowledge and behaviour is insufficient.Heavy workload,insufficient time,and a lack of knowledge and skills is the main barrier.Managerial support,employing nurses with research skills as models and providing advanced education are the main facilitators.

Knowledge,attitude,and practice of patients living with inflammatory bowel disease:A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)generally have poor knowledge,attitude,and practice of their disease,while the data from China are lacking.AIM To address this knowledge disparity among Chinese patients with IBD.METHODS This web-based,cross-sectional study was conducted on a cohort of IBD patients who visited the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between December 2022 and February 2023.Their socio-demographic information and the knowledge,attitude,and practice scores were collected and estimated using a self-designed questionnaire.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine the pairwise correlations among knowledge,attitude,and practice scores.A multivariate logistic regression analysis was further performed to determine the independent factors associated with their knowledge,attitude,and practice scores.RESULTS A total of 353 patients(224 males)with IBD completed the questionnaires.The mean knowledge,attitude,and practice scores were 10.05±3.46(possible range:0-14),41.58±5.23(possible range:0-56),44.20±7.39(possible range:0-56),respectively,indicating good knowledge,positive attitude,and proactive practice toward IBD.Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the knowledge score had significant positive correlations with the attitude score(r=0.371,P<0.001)and practice score(r=0.100,P<0.001).The attitude score had a significant positive correlation with the practice score(r=0.452,P<0.001).Moreover,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that aged 30-40 years[odds ratio(OR)=4.06,95%confidence interval(CI):1.04-15.82,P=0.043],middle school education(OR=3.98,95%CI:1.29-12.33,P=0.017),high school/technical secondary school education(OR=14.06,95%CI:3.92-50.38,P<0.001),and junior college/bachelor’s degree and above education(OR=15.20,95%CI:4.15-55.650,P<0.001)were independently associated with good knowledge.The higher knowledge score was independently associated with a positive attitude(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.11-1.36,P<0.001).The higher attitude score was independently associated with proactive practice(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.11-1.30,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Chinese patients with IBD might have good knowledge,a positive attitude,and proactive practice toward their disease.However,a small number of specific items require education.

Healthcare professionals'knowledge,attitude and practice towards ischemic bowel disease

BACKGROUND Ischemic bowel disease(IBD)is a critical condition caused by reduced blood flow to the intestines,leading to tissue damage and potentially severe complications.Early recognition and timely management are essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing morbidity and mortality associated with IBD.AIM To evaluate the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of healthcare professionals regarding IBD.METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals in China from November 2023 to December 2023 using a self-designed questionnaire.RESULTS A total of 315 valid questionnaires were analyzed,with 215 participants(68.25%)being female.The mean KAP scores were 17.55±5.35(range:0-24),27.65±2.77(range:8-40),and 18.88±4.23(range:6-30),respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed the following factors to be independently associated with knowledge:Age 26-35 years(β=2.80,95%CI:0.31-5.30,P=0.028),professional title(β=2.66,95%CI:0.91-4.41,P=0.003),position(β=-3.78,95%CI:-5.45 to-2.11,P<0.001),participation in IBD-related training(β=3.45,95%CI:2.39-4.51,P<0.001),and admission of more than five IBD cases in the past month(β=3.25,95%CI:1.58-4.92,P<0.001).Attitude was independently associated with knowledge(β=0.20,95%CI:0.15-0.26,P<0.001)and being a nurse or nursing supervisor(β=-1.30,95%CI:-2.16 to-0.40,P=0.003).Practice was independently associated with knowledge(β=0.20,95%CI:0.10-0.30,P<0.001)and attitude(β=0.24,95%CI:0.06-0.42,P=0.007).Structural equation modeling demonstrated direct effects of knowledge on attitude(β=0.24,P<0.001)and practice(β=0.26,P<0.001),as well as of attitude on practice(β=0.22,P=0.012).CONCLUSION Healthcare professionals demonstrated adequate knowledge but moderate attitude and inactive practice regarding IBD.Addressing the gaps in attitude and practice through targeted training programs and interventions is essential for improving patient care and outcomes.

Socioeconomic Characteristics of Child-Bearing Mothers and Feeding Practices of Under-Five Children in Kori Chiefdom, Sierra Leone

Introduction: The use of proper feeding practices is key for the overall development of children. Generally, breastfeeding and complementary feeding make up the diet and therefore the nutritional status of children. However, the degree to which mothers adhere to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) regarding breastfeeding and complementary feeding is key to the nutritional status of children. Again, the adherence to this dietary recommendation is contingent on the socio-economic conditions of the child-bearing parents, especially the mothers. Here in this study, the socio-economic characteristics were analyzed along with the feeding practices of children not more than five years old in rural Sierra Leone. Method: Data were collected in 2017 on representative mothers with children within 0 - 5 years old. A total of 10 communities and 200 respondents were randomly covered in the Kori Chiefdom of Moyamba District, Sierra Leone. The data collection instruments included structured questionnaire, inter-personal interaction, personal observation and experience. The collected data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel and SPSS and the results presented in simple graphs. Results: A large number of the respondents were married teenage mothers with 1 - 2 children and living under extreme hardship by the United Nations (UN) standard. Also, most of the mothers were illiterate and started breastfeeding their children within the very hour of birth. Because complementary feeding was started all too early, exclusive breastfeeding last for not more than two months for most of the respondent mothers. Also, because rice is by far the most widely eaten the staple food in Sierra Leone, complementary food was mostly powdered rice mixed with salt and oil. Hardly was protein food supplement used as complementary food, probably due to the economic conditions of the poor rural women. Conclusion: The study has thrown sufficient light on the socio-economic characteristics and adopted feeding practices of children in poor rural Sierra Leone. In this sense, the study has laid the basis for sufficient for in-depth correlativity studies on the factors driving feeding practices of children and how it in turn impacts nutritional status of children in poor rural Africa. From here, practically adoptable recommendations can be advanced for the attention of the governments, public institutions, the private sector and the individuals of the society.

Review the Studies on Aesthetics Thoughts of Marx＇s Economic ＆ Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 in China

Economic ＆ Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 was regarded as the key text for studying Marx＇s aesthetics thoughts It was translated into Chinese in 1956 and then attracted Chinese scholars＇ attention. In the past half century it was the main theory source of Chinese Marxism aesthetics. There were two large scale debates on aesthetics related to Economic ＆ Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 in China. One was taken place in the late of 1950s to 1960s and the other was in 1980s. The main arguments concentrated on four issues in the Manuscripts of 1844： the relationship between practice and beauty, the meaning of the two standards and the law of beauty, whether estranged labour creates beauty or not, how to asses the Manuscripts.

Optimal Cross-Sectional Shape of Gas/Air Ducts

In industrial plants, ships, and buildings, a large amount of gas and air ducts are applied for equipment connection, HVAC, medium transport, and exhaust, etc. These ducts can be designed in varied cross-sectional shapes, such as round or rectangle. The author reveals through geometric calculation of the duct cross-sectional shapes and engineering experiences that the round cross-section is an optimal shape in the duct system. The round duct has the shorter perimeter than the other cross-sectional shape ducts and the stronger structure in the same working condition. The material saving of the round duct due to the shorter perimeter is quantitatively determined. In the pater, it is shown that the round duct is economically attractive. The economic analysis for the material cost saving is illustrated by an example. For a long duct system, the material and material cost savings are significant. It is suggested that the round duct in the gas and air duct system should have priority as long as the field conditions are allowed. In the paper, the material cost saving is also converted to PW, AW, and FW used for LCC economic analysis.

中国经济制度变革的理论演进及其对中国经济学建构的启示

国内经济学界围绕着经济体制改革实践,从改革策略到改革理论再到内在规律的探索,先后经历了为什么改革、如何持续推进、怎样深化改革三个阶段的演进。理论的概括总结包括引进新的经济理论解释、本土经济理论抽象、追本溯源中国传统思想三条来源路径。理论的抽象系统化包括文献综述及其梳理、对共性问题的命题式归纳、系统化学科建设三种典型模式。这些探究为我们构建中国经济学自主知识体系,提供了丰富鲜活的实践素材和理论原材料,也给予我们深刻的启示:要直面现实从中国改革实践出发,而不能从既有的理论等条条框框出发;要在中国的改革实践中抓住核心关键问题,勾勒出逻辑线索,而不能只是进行观点的汇集;要与既有理论贯通抽象出经济学研究的主题,探究一般性的价值意义,而不能局限于国情个案分析。

经济学专业数据分析类课程实验实践的融合发展研究

当前,高等学校经济学专业数据分析类课程实验教学与实践融合度较差,实践教学设计与当前企业人才需求不符。因此要通过搭建实践教学平台,将经济学专业课程、数据分析课程实验教学、实践教学、理论实践竞技等进行融合,培养学生数据分析思维,提升分析理论与方法的实践应用能力,培养复合型应用型经济人才。

United States-based practice patterns and resource utilization in advanced neuroendocrine tumor treatment

AIM: To assess advanced neuroendocrine tumor (NET) treatment patterns and resource utilization by tumor progression stage and tumor site in the United States. METHODS: United States Physicians meeting eligibility criteria were provided with online data extraction forms to collect patient chart data on recent NET patients. Resource utilization and treatment pattern data were collected over a baseline period (after diagnosis and before tumor progression), as well as initial and secondary progression periods, with progression defined according to measureable radiographic evidence of tumor progression. Resource categories used in the analysis include: Treatments (e.g. , surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapies), hospitalizations and physician visits, diagnostic tests (biomarkers, imaging, laboratory tests). Comparisons between categories of resource utilization and tumor progression status were examined using univariate (by tumor site) and multivariate analyses (across all tumor sites). RESULTS: Fifty-five physicians were included in the study and completed online data extraction forms using the charts of 110 patients. The physician sample showed a relatively even distribution for those affiliated with academic versus community hospitals (46% vs 55%). Forty (36.3%) patients were reported to have pancreatic NET (pNET), while 70 (63.6%) patients had gastrointestinal tract (GI)/Lung as the primary NET site. Univariate analysis showed the proportion of patients hospitalized increased from 32.7% during baseline to 42.1% in the progression stages. While surgeries were performed at similar proportions overall at baseline and progression, pNET patients, were more likely than GI/Lung NET patients to have undergone surgery during the baseline (33.3% vs 25.0%) and any progression periods (26.7% vs 23.4%). While peptide-receptor radionuclide and targeted therapy utilization was low across NET types and tumor stages, GI/Lung types exhibited greater utilization of these technologies compared to pNET. Chemotherapy utilization was also greater among GI/Lung types. Multivariate analysis results demonstrated that patients in first progression period were over 3 times more likely to receive chemotherapy when compared to baseline (odds ratio: 3.31; 95%CI: 1.46-7.48, P=0.0041). Further, progression was associated with a greater likelihood of having a study physician visit [relative risk (RR): 1.54; 95%CI: 1.10-2.17, P=0.0117], and an increased frequency of other physician visits (RR: 1.84; 95%CI: 1.10-3.10, P=0.0211). CONCLUSION: Resource utilization in advanced NET in the United States is significant overall and data suggests progression has an impact on resource utilization regardless of NET tumor site.

Relationship between Socio-Demographic Factors and Eating Practices in a Multicultural Society

There is currently a dearth of information pertaining to socio-demographic factors and eating practices in a multicultural country like Mauritius. This study was therefore undertaken to probe the different eating practices among an adult sample population in Mauritius in an endeavor to establish significant relationships, if any, with common socio-demographic and socio-economic factors. A self-designed questionnaire, (randomly distributed to n = 387 adults), pertaining to socio-demographic variables, vegetarianism, breakfast patterns, eating out of home meals (OHMs), food frequency questions and dieting practices were asked. Males (21 - 40 yrs) had a significantly (p 0.05) to adherence to the recommendations for the consumption of fish. The socio-demographic factors most influential towards eating practices were gender, age and socio-economic status represented by education and occupation. In conclusion, relationships recorded in the present study were comparable to Western eating practices and the availability of certain foods has compelled Mauritians to develop its own and unique eating patterns which can be of relevance in providing accurate health targets for future nutrition interventions in Mauritius.

经济地理学与产业规划课程实践教学方法探索

经济地理学与产业规划是面向国土空间规划教学改革的创新课程,作为理论与实践结合的课程,课程实践教学在教学体系中具有重要地位。该文介绍在该课程实践的教学组织和教学方式中所做的创新探索工作,在课程组织可分为实习准备、实地考察、报告撰写和规划编制四个阶段开展教学工作,在教学方法上运用“CBL+PBL+TBL”的三轨教学方式,并强调做好师生互动在实践教学中发挥关键作用。

基于产业需求的现代农业经济管理专业人才培养方案设计与实施

以黑龙江农业经济职业学院现代农业经济管理专业实践改革为例,系统总结基于行业产业需求的人才培养方案修订的依据和内容。通过深入了解产业需求、广泛开展调研、重构课程体系、设计实践体系、改革教学方法及构建教学团队等环节,有效提升专业人才培养质量,为相关专业人才培养改革提供有益的参考。

基于OBE理念的经济学课程思政教学实践与探索

目前,国内经济学课程的教学内容大多以西方主流经济学理论为基础。但由于我国在经济制度和经济模式等方面与西方国家仍然有很大区别,因此,在以西方主流经济理论为基础的经济学课程教学中,不应只注重经济学理论和方法的传授而忽视其中的意识形态内容。将思政元素融入经济学课程教学,引导学生在批判的基础上进行学习和借鉴,把西方经济理论与中国实践结合起来解决现实经济问题就显得尤为重要。本文基于国际先进的成果导向教育(OBE)理念,以南京信息职业技术学院经济学课程为例,对经济学课程思政教学进行了有益的探索与实践。

丝绸之路经济带核心区建设职业教育市域产教联合体实践研究

新疆处于丝绸之路经济带核心区,是我国西部地区的重要经济中心,也是我国重要的战略区域。当前,新疆在推动职业教育与地方经济发展联动方面,开始探索建立市域产教联合体,以促进产业升级和人才培养。在实践中,市域产教联合体面临着许多困难和问题。从政策环境、校企合作、人才培养、科技创新等方面,探讨新疆建设市域产教联合体面临的主要困难、问题和挑战。在此基础上,提出建设职业教育市域产教联合体的路径,包括政策支持、产学研合作、人才培养、社会参与等方面。

现代学徒制背景下高职经济管理类专业实践教学研究

现代学徒制是推动产教深度融合的创新教育机制,在强化人才技能训练、促进学生良好就业等方面,发挥着不可替代的作用。本文从教学实践层面,具体分析现代学徒制在经济管理类专业应用的优势。针对经济管理类专业实践教学现状以及存在的不足,探索搭建全新实践育人模式的路径,提出产业在校园中孵化的策略,以期促进校企深度合作,在稳固的师徒关系下,促进学生专业技能水平的快速提升。

新文科背景下经管类学生第二课堂建设探索与实践路径研究

新文科建设背景下,对经管类学生能力培养和素质养成提出了更高层次的要求。第二课堂作为人才培养的重要阵地,承担着“创新型、复合型、应用型”人才培养的重要职责。该文聚焦新文科建设的内在特点,分析经管类学生第二课堂建设对接人才培养目标、回应成长成才期待、组织科学评价考核等方面的不足,凝练提出经管类学生第二课堂“德育+新文科”“美育+新文科”“劳育+新文科”“创新创业+新文科”建设路径创新,有助于提升经管类学生第二课堂建设质量和经管类人才培养质量。

新文科建设下经管类专业实践教学的内涵与发展路径

科学技术新发展、行业需求新转变和国情新变化对经管类专业教学提出了新的时代命题。教育部从政策、方针层面提出了新文科经管类建设的理念,来应对新形势下产业对经管类专业人才的新需求。该文立足于新文科建设背景,探索经管类专业实践教学出现的新特性和新任务,明晰新文科建设下经管类专业实践教学的内涵,并构建经管类专业实践教学的发展路径。

基于工程教育专业认证的工程造价专业课程体系重构探析

为适应行业发展对工程造价专业学生岗位能力的要求,在总结归纳工程教育专业认证文件要求和“注册造价工程师”执业资格考试制度要求的基础上,分析工程造价专业应开设课程的科目、学时、顺序等设置问题,结合地方财经类院校本科层次工程造价专业办学特点,以安徽财经大学工程造价专业为例,对工程造价专业的课程体系进行调整设置,修订后的课程体系较大程度地响应了认证和资格考试要求,课程体系重构方案可为同类院校教学改革提供参考。

农业经济学课程思政教学模式构建与实践——以河北农业大学为例

本文以河北农业大学为例,在分析农业经济学课程性质的基础上,系统梳理了该课程内容和特点,并挖掘课程思政元素,结合国家“三农”政策法规,构建了微观—中观—宏观、课前—课中—课后、线上—线下经纬耦合的农业经济学课程思政教学模式,并探索出思政元素融入农业经济学课堂的有效实施路径,以期培养学生的综合能力。