Thinking Process of Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment in Pediatric Nursing Practicum

This aim is to clarify thinking process of nursing students’ clinical judgment, i.e., how nursing students act and think and what influences this thinking process of identifying approaches necessary for the children under their care in pediatric nursing practicum. By the analysis of M-GTA, students concurrently performed “A: Analytically contemplating the state of this child’s body” and “B: Contextually contemplating this child’s?individuality”. As a result, they acquired “C: Understandingof this child as a familiar existence.” This allows students to enable them to “D: Identify the necessary approach using judgment criteria for this child.” Furthermore, as situations that promote thinking by relating to all processes of thinking, students experienced “E: Attempts to solve problems through various measures” and “F: Encouragement of thinking through reflection.” Meanwhile, “G: Stagnation of thinking because of concerning matters” inhibited the progress of thinking. We found a need for education after grasping the process of student thought.

Problems and Instruction Needed in Relation to Nursing Students’ Handling of Patient Information—From a Survey of Nurses Coordinating Clinical Practicums in Japan

The purpose of this study was to clarify and consider the instruction that is needed in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, as felt by the people in charge of student clinical practicums in hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 people in charge of organizing practicums at hospitals where they are carried out. These subjects were asked about problems they had experienced in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information and the instruction that is needed so that problems related to nursing students’ handling of information do not occur. Various problems were shown to occur in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, such as handling the information outside of the practicum setting. Many students receive no instruction with regard to the ethics of handling patient information in their classroom work, and their awareness regarding information is cannot be considered high, indicating the need for more consistent and reliable education in this area. The findings also suggest that instruction is needed with regard to the handling of sensitive information in accordance with the circumstances of individual patients.

Prediction of Perceived Stress of Hong Kong Nursing Students with Coping Behaviors over Clinical Practicum: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nursing students are facing more and more stress in their course of study especially in clinical practicum. The study aimed to predict nursing students’ stress level in clinical practicum with coping behaviors. It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducting in a self-financing institution in Hong Kong. Nursing students who were studying the pre-registration baccalaureate nursing program and completed all the practicum blocks were recruited. Those who had extended the study and failed any of the practicum blocks were excluded. Convenience sampling was used to recruit subjects. Participants were required to fill out the demographic sheet, COPE Inventory and Assessment of Stress among Nursing Students scale during lecture at the commencement of a semester. The whole data collection lasted for 30 minutes. Stepwise multiple regression was used to do the modeling with p-value being set at 0.05. 131 eligible nursing students were recruited with about half of female students. The regression model accounted for 50% of the variance in the perceived stress level. Gender, focus on and venting of emo-tions, restraint, use of emotional social support and denial were positively associated with perceived stress level (R squared = 0.52, p = 0.001). It is to conclude that nurse educators can refer to the findings to screen out students with higher risk of being overwhelmed by clinical learning and ineffective coping. Proactive measures should be taken to prevent poor health outcomes.

Relationship of Stress Coping Behaviors and Changes in Resilience during an Integrated Nursing Practicum

This study aims to clarify what kinds of resilience and coping strategies students employ to successfully complete their clinical practicum and provide suggestions for instruction that will allow students to carry out effective learning activities. The study subjects were 86 students enrolled at Nursing University A for the 2019 school year and planning to take the integrated nursing practicum. The survey was conducted using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine the amount of change in resilience factors from the surveys before and after the practicum. Subsequently, multiple regression analysis was carried out with stress coping behaviors that were significantly associated with resilience factors in univariate analysis as independent variables and the amount of change in resilience factors before and after the practicum as dependent variables. A total of 56 responses were received (response rate 65.8%) from the 85 survey subjects. Innate resilience factors increased significantly from 41 pre-practicums to 44 post-practicums. Acquired resilience factors also increased significantly from 32 pre-practicums to 35 post-practicums (p < 0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis found that the stress coping behavior of “changing point of view” (β = 0.361, p < 0.01) and pre-practicum innate resilience factors (β = −0.456, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with innate resilience factors. Examining the relationship between the amount of change in student resilience and stress coping behaviors revealed that the stress coping behavior of “changing point of view” was associated with innate resilience. This finding suggests that resilience may be increased by changing one’s perspective on an event by taking on a new way of thinking. The results suggested that helping students transform realizations made during reflection into learning and create a sense of meaning may lead to fostering innate resilience during integrated nursing practicums.

“U-G-S”协同视角下师范生教育实习模式优化研究

“U-G-S”协同教育实习模式是协同理论在教育领域的应用,强调高校、政府和中小学共同致力于师范生实习工作。“U-G-S”协同教育实习有助于形成师范生培养合作共同体,促进教育理论与实践对话,提高师范生教育实习质量。然而,通过田野调查发现,目前的教育实习模式存在政府对教育实习管理不到位、高校对教育实习不重视与实习基地指导能力不足等问题。借鉴英国、加拿大的教育实习经验,优化我国教育实习模式的可行路径是:强化政府对“U-G-S”协同教育实习的治理责任,优化高校对“U-G-S”协同教育实习的教学管理,提升实习基地的指导能力。

教学任务单驱动下O2O混合式教学模式在内科护理学见习课中的应用

目的:探讨教学任务单驱动下O2O混合式教学模式在内科护理学见习课中的应用方法和效果。方法:选取2018级本科护理学专业4个班级共113名学生作为研究对象,按照班级进行分组,其中对照组采用传统教学法,试验组采用教学任务单驱动下O2O混合式教学模式。经过8个学时的学习后,进行理论考核和教学满意度调查,比较两者差异。结果:试验组学生理论考核成绩及教学满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:教学任务单驱动下O2O混合式教学模式,充分体现了“以学定教”的教学理念,提高了教师的教学掌控能力及学生的自主学习能力,实现了教学过程的闭环管理,从而提高了教学效果。

工业工程本科毕业设计与创新型人才培养

根据工业工程持续不断创新以及培养具有开拓创新能力的复合型、应用型人才目标的要求,通过对毕业设计与创新能力培养关系的分析,认为毕业设计的核心是培养学生的创新能力。在此基础上,系统地探讨了工业工程本科毕业设计与创新型人才培养的过程、模式及其特点,详细讨论了工业工程毕业设计实习、选题、论文撰写检查、论文答辩、论文成果反馈等诸多环节的做法和要点,最后结合工业工程本科毕业设计与创新型人才培养的实践成果进行了分析。

教育实习中的“三角关系”探析

教育实习是职前教师教育中教学实践的关键环节,也是一名教师专业成长的重要阶段。通过实习来探索教学实践的要义和良方,是每个师范生必须经历的学习过程。这个过程是复杂而艰辛的,因为师范生需要在适应实习环境的同时,还要穿梭于不同的指导教师对他们的期望和要求之间。本文旨在通过展示一项实证研究的结果,探讨教育实习中师范生、学校指导老师和大学带队老师之间的"三角关系",并分析其对师范生学习教学的影响。研究发现,学校指导老师和大学带队老师都认为自己在实习中的作用有限,并且双方之间缺乏有效的沟通。我们建议应在教育实习中明确双方的指导角色和功能,积极建立相应机制鼓励双方合作督导。

美国实习指导教师研究述评

实习指导教师是教育实践活动的重要组成部分,能够减轻实习生经历的现实震撼,对实习生的专业发展有深远影响。美国高校从20世纪50年代开始至今,通过问卷调查、参与观察、深度访谈等实证研究方法,在指导教师的选拔与培训、指导教师的角色、指导策略、指导内容和指导工作的影响因素方面取得了丰富的研究成果。然而,受实习指导教师人数不足、实习指导工作主观性强等因素影响,美国对实习指导教师评价的研究相对较少。美国实习指导教师研究发展的历程,对我国提高实习指导教师的工作效率、制定实习指导策略、克服实习教师指导不足的"自为"状态等具有一定的启示和借鉴作用。

高师特殊教育专业本科生教育实习的现状调查

通过问卷调查法和访谈法,对某高等师范院校特殊教育专业50名实习生为期12周的教育实习进行调查。本研究调查实习生对教育实习的观点、对实习的满意度、实习存在的困难及对实习的建议,旨在了解特教实习生教育实习的现状。

全病程管理教学方法在医学生实习中的应用

目的:研究拟探讨八年制医学生实习阶段开展全病程管理教学方法的效果。方法:2016年61名八年制医学生实习阶段应用全病程管理教学方法,对参与师生进行问卷调查,分析此教学方法的优缺点。结果:师生接受并赞同这种教学方式,与传统实习方式相比,全病程管理教学有利于理论与实际结合、全面掌握疾病的诊治,提高文献查阅和科研写作能力。结论:全病程管理教学方法能提高临床实习效果,值得推广。

国际视域下教育实习模式的特征及理念分析

教育实习是教师教育的重要过程与环节。教育实习的设计与规划,直接影响到教育实习甚至是教师教育的成效。纵观百年来世界教育实习模式的变革,比较有影响的是学徒型、实验学校型、理论运用型、反思型、专业发展型、合作型以及临床实践型等几种教育实习模式。每种实习模式都有其不同的目标、特点和理念基础,模式的变革是以对教师工作和教师教育的认识为基础的。

路径式实习中路径卡的应用对临床实习质量的影响

目的:在路径式实习模式中推广和应用路径卡,研究其对实习质量的影响。方法:采用方便抽样法选取95名护生,将其分为试验组和对照组。试验组在路径式实习中采用路径卡,并记录实习过程;对照组采用传统跟班式实习。实习前后两组护生进行应急知识和基础护理操作考核。结果:试验组护生实习后与实习前的应急知识和基础护理操作成绩差值为(7.29±15.82)和(23.81±23.15),而对照组差值分别为(-3.20±11.05)和(15.17±18.85),两组差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000,P=0.048)。结论:路径式实习中根据教学医院的特点设计和应用路径卡有助于全面提高实习质量。

从“景观性”到“审美性”:师范生教育实习评价的审思与超越

师范生教育实习评价关涉卓越教师培养与未来人才夯基,是深化师范教育评价改革的关键环节。“景观性”教育实习评价是当前我国师范生教育实习评价的基本样貌,以指标表象、主体分离和控制共谋为内核特征,表现为“片段指标的独白”。“景观帝国”阻碍了生命本能力量的释放,掣肘了师范人才自然有效的成长,消解了文化流变的动能。“审美性”教育实习评价是“景观性”的超越之道,生发于谱系生命美学,尊重评价主体个性的、关系的、历史的能量绵延,表现为“文化生命的交响”。推进师范生教育实习审美评价,需要从灵性复归的主体性审美、彼此介入的间性审美、经纬对话的开放性审美三个方面着手,最终实现“各美其美,美人之美,美美与共”的评价理想。

师范认证背景下数学师范生乡村学校教育实习研究

当前,即将施行的高等学校师范类专业认证对师范生的教师专业能力提出了更高的要求,而乡村学校师范生教育实习还普遍存在着教学资源薄弱等问题。通过对数学专业师范生乡村学校教育实习的问卷调查发现:学生在乡村学校能够获得充分的教学体验,但还存在对实践经验的反思不够、教师专业素养欠缺等问题,乡村学校较为落后的教育教学环境不利于师范生的专业成长。基于此,提出加大教育实习的专业指导、增强师范类课程建设等质量保障措施。

英语师范生实习期间学科教学知识(PCK)发展研究

师范生学科教学知识(Pedagogical Content Knowledge)相关研究引起国内学者广泛关注,研究成果也比较多。但目前国内与英语师范生实习期间学科教学知识发展相关研究还有待进一步研究。根据Cochran等研究者对学科教学知识分类,利用话语分析方法,对英语师范生学科教学知识发展进行了研究。结果发现,实习生学科教学知识在学科知识、教学知识、关于学生知识和关于教学环境知识等四个方面都有所发展,影响因素包括导师指导、小组讨论、个人观察和反思等。希望研究对职前英语教师教育课程的进一步改革提供参考。

刍议英语专业教育实习的现状、问题及对策

实习教育是高校教育最重要的阶段。本文分析当前高校师范英语专业教学实习的基本情况并针对这些问题提出相应的解决措施。

扩展技能循环圈理论在本科护生临床教学的应用

目的探讨基于扩展技能循环圈理论应用于本科护生消化内科实习教学的效果。方法选取在消化内科实习的2011级本科护生43名为对照组、2013级43名为试验组。对照组按传统方法完成消化内科教学培训、试验组运用扩展技能循环圈理论设计的教学路径完成教学任务,教学结束后对两组护生进行护理程序实践考核及教学效果评价。结果试验组护生护理程序实践考核的病史评估、身体评估、护理诊断、护理计划、沟通交流与人文关怀及总分显著优于对照组(均P<0.01);护生对教学效果6个方面的满意度得分显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论基于扩展技能循环圈理论指导设计的专科教学路径符合临床实习护生需求,能有效提升其临床实践能力与教学效果。

新加坡师范生实习评价与启示

面对21世纪全球教育变革,新加坡开始革新师范生教育实习。在其实习阶段的各个环节中,实习评价体系呈现以下特征:以全面育人为导向的评价标准,由专业人员构成的评价共同体,科学设计评价工具以辅助教学反思与探究,完整详实记录实习全过程作为评价证据等。新加坡实习评价体系可帮助其师范生主动改进教学行为、塑造专业教师角色、明确未来职业发展方向,帮助新加坡加强实习指导、完善培养体系,对我国完善师范生实习考核制度、落实新时代教师培养目标具有借鉴意义。

职前教师实践课程的反思与重构——基于舍恩反映性实践课思想

受科技理性影响,当前我国职前教师实践课程存在边缘化、形式化、工具化的问题。而舍恩的反映性实践课思想认为,职前教师实践课程应构建以反映性实践者为旨归的课程目标,重视演习式职前教师实践课程内容,重视主体间性职前教师教育课程实施,以此帮助职前教师互动性、反映性和创造性地进行教育演习、教育见习和教育实习,为日后的教育实践打下坚实基础。