Enantioselective assay of S(+)- and R(-)-propafenone in human urine by using RP-HPLC with pre-column chiral derivatization

The enantioselective assay for S(+)- and R(-)-propafenone (PPF) in human urine that developed in this work involves extraction of propafenone from human urine and using S(+)-propafenone as internal standard, chiral derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-b-D-glucopranosyl isothiocyanate, and quantitation by an RP-HPLC system with UV detection (l=220 nm). A baseline separation of propafenone enantiomers was achieved on a 5-mm reverse phase ODS column, with a mixture of methanol:water:glacial acetic acid (25:12:0.02,v/v) as mobile phase. There was good linear relationship from 24.9 ng/ml to 1875.0 ng/ml for both of enantiomers. The regression equations of the standard curves based on CS-PPF (or CR-PPF ) versus ratio of AS-PPF/AS (or AR-PPF/AS ) were y=0.0032x-0.081, (r=0.999) for S-PPF and y=0.0033x+0.0039, (r=0.998) for R-PPF, respectively. The method抯 limit of detection was 12.5 ng/ml for both enantiomers, and the method抯 limit of quantitation was 28.20.52 ng/ml for S-PPF, 30.40.53 ng/ml for R-PPF (RSD<8%, n=5). The analytical method yielded average recovery of 98.9% and 100.4% for S-PPF and R-PPF, respectively. The relative standard deviation was no more than 6.11% and 6.22% for S-PPF and R-PPF, respectively. The method enabled study of metabolism of S(+)- and R(-)-propafenone in human urine. The results from 7 volunteers administered 150 mg racemic propafenone indicated that propafenone enantiomers undergo stereoselective metabolism and that in the human body, S(+)-propafenone is metabolized more extensively than R(-)- propafenone.

Enantioresolution of a Series of Chiral Benzyl Alcohols by HPLC on a Dinitrobenzoylphenylglycine Stationary Phase after Achiral Pre-Column Derivatization

High performance liquid chromatography method for the separation of a series of chiral benzyl alcohols on N-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)-D-phenylglycine stationary phase (Macherey Nagel, Chiral-2) after pre-column achiral derivatization was developed. Cheap and easy available aromatic acid chlorides were used as derivatization agents. Good to excellent separations of the enantiomers were achieved in all cases in relatively short analytical runs. It was shown that the enantiorecognition depends on the substituents both in the starting alcohol and in the acid chloride. The method presents an efficient alternative to the direct analyses on polysaccharide and cyclodextrine-derived stationary phases.

Analysis of Monosaccharide Composition of Pu-erh Tea Polysaccaride by Pre-column Derivatization HPLC

[Objective] This study aimed to establish a pre-column derivatization HPLC method for the identification and analysis of monosaccharide composition of Pu-erh tea polysaccharide. [Method] Pu-erh tea polysaccharide was extracted using the wa- ter extraction method, further isolated and purified by DEAE cellulose-52 columns. The obtained tea polysaccharide and four components TPS1, TPS2, TPS3 and TPS, were first derived by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone （PMP）, and then the PMP derivatives of monosaccharide were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatog- raphy （HPLC）. [Result] Pu-erh tea polysaccharide contained eight kinds of monosac- chaddes （mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, grucose, galactose, arabinose, fucose）, without xylose; so it was the same with TPS1; each of TPS2, TPS3 and TPS4 contained seven monosaccharides, while no fucose. [Conclusion] This method is simplified and rapid, which can be used to determine the monosac- charide composition of Pu-erh tea polysaccharide and monosaccharide content.

Determination of Sparfloxacin in Human Urine by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography With Nitrous Acid and Hydroiodic Pre-Column Derivatization

Sparfloxacin can be oxidized by nitrous acid, then react with hydroiodic acid to form a fluorescent derivative. Based on this, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic pre-column derivatization new method is described for the determination of sparfloxacin in human urine. The linear range is 0.05 mg/L to 4.0 mg/L, the recoveries are 91.5%similar to 95.7% and the RSD is 1.2%similar to4.2%. The results showed that this method is suitable for the determination of sparfloxacin in human urine.

Determination of 18 Kinds of Amino Acids in Fresh Tea Leaves by HPLC Coupled with Pre-column Derivatization

A rapid and accurate quantitative method of high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) with fluorescence detector has been developed for the analysis of 18 kinds of amino acids in fresh tea leaves. The samples were minced and mixed,and extracted with ultra pure water at 90℃ for 20 min. The 6-aminoquinolyl N-hydroxy-succinimidyl carbamate( AQC) was used as pre-column derivatization reagent. Gradient HPLC separation was performed on a C_(18) column( Symmetry C_(18),3. 9 mm × 15 cm,4 μm). Good linearity between concentrations and peak areas was achieved in the concentration range of 5. 0-250 μmol/L for 18 kinds of amino acids. The method was validated by the analysis of five replicates. The 18 kinds of amino acid standards were spiked in fresh tea leaf samples and the average recovery rate was 86. 25%-109. 05% with relative standard deviations( n = 5) ranging from 6. 03% to 10. 56%. The limit of detection( LOD) for the analytes was0. 05-1. 27 μmol/L. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of the 18 kinds of amino acids in fresh tea leaves from east Dongting and west Dongting mountains in Suzhou. The results indicate that the method is simple,rapid,precise and reliable.

HPLC of Amino Acids and Oligopeptides by Pre-Column Fluorescence Derivatization with 9-Acridine Formyl Chloride

A highly sensitive HPLC method for the detection of amino acids and oligopeptides with 9-acridine formyl chloride by pre-column fluorescence derivatization has been developed. Glycine, glycylglycine, histidine, triglycine and glutathione were separated on a reversed-phase C-18 column with methanol-water-triethylamine eluent, derivatization and chromatographic conditions were optimized. The five derivatives were eluted in 28 min with a good reproducibility. Linear range of the calibration graph was 0.08-260 nmol/ml(-1). The relative standard deviations(n=6) are < 5%. Detection limits (signal-to-noise ratio=3) for the five derivatives are 20-40 fmol.

Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin for Chiral Separation of Amino Acids Derivatized with Fluorescene-5-isothiocyanate by Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser-induced Fluorescence Detection

A method using carboxymethyl-b-cyclodextrin (CM-b-CD) as selector for chiral separation of amino acids by capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection was studied. Resolution was better than that obtained by b-CD or HP-b-CD.

柱前衍生/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定氨基酸工业品中26种游离手性氨基酸含量

采用柱前衍生/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定氨基酸工业品中26种游离手性氨基酸含量。样品经0.1 mol/L HCl溶液溶解提取后,在碱性条件下与Marfey试剂进行衍生化反应,使用Phe⁃nomenex Kinetex F5(250 mm×5 mm,4.6μm)色谱柱,以10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱分析采用电喷雾离子源负离子(ESI-)模式和多反应监测(MRM)模式。结果表明,各氨基酸衍生物之间的分离度良好,26种手性氨基酸的质量浓度在一定范围内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,相关系数(r^(2))不小于0.9940,定量下限为0.5~12.5 ng/mL,加标回收率为80.3%~118%,相对标准偏差为0.47%~9.8%。应用该方法对180个工业样品进行检测,在L-型氨基酸纯品试剂、L-型稳定同位素标记氨基酸内标试剂、单品L-型氨基酸原料及复合氨基酸原料粉中均检出D-氨基酸。该研究首次评估了国内相关工业产品中手性氨基酸的质量状况,发现复合氨基酸原料需加强手性构型的监测管理,并深入分析了利用相关氨基酸纯品试剂作为标准物质或同位素内标时,对食品、环境、化工、医药等领域样品检测结果准确性可能造成的影响。该方法可为科研试剂、生物制药、化工食品和营养健康等领域提供质量管理和健康评测的有效技术手段。

柱前手性衍生化-HPLC法测定科立内酯二醇对映异构体含量

基于柱前手性衍生化-HPLC法,以联苯-4-甲酰氯为衍生化试剂,采用硅胶表面涂覆有直链淀粉-三(s)-α-甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯手性色谱柱(AS-H,4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以正己烷-无水乙醇(V∶V=80∶20)为流动相,流速1 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长275 nm,外标法计算科立内酯二醇对映异构体超量值。结果显示,科立内酯二醇对映异构体衍生物分离度为2.8,(+)-科立内酯二醇衍生物在2.07~41.40μg/mL、(-)-科立内酯二醇衍生物在1.95~39.06μg/mL范围有良好线性关系(R2=0.9991、R2=0.9991)。(+)-科立内酯二醇衍生物低、中、高浓度平均加样回收率(RSD)分别为99.36%(0.51%)、99.24%(0.89%)、100.24%(0.65%);(-)-科立内酯二醇衍生物低、中、高浓度平均加样回收率(RSD)为99.74%(0.89%)、100.02%(0.31%)、98.81%(0.63%)。方法简便、快速,能准确测定科立内酯二醇对映异构体超量值,为前列腺素药物手性中间体提供新的分离和检测方法。

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of seven pairs of chiral drug enantiomers in transport medium after chiral derivatization

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic （RP-HPLC） method was established for the determination of the enantiomers of 7 aryloxy aminopropanol drugs （atenolol, sotalol, celiprolol, carvedilol, metoprolol, propranolol and propafenone） in transport medium. The method involved liquid-liquid extraction of chiral drugs from transport medium, and employed 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl isothiocyanate （GITC, 1.0 mg/mL in acetonitrile） as a pre-column chiral derivatization reagent. After derivatization, the products were separated on an Agilent Zorbax C8 column （150 min×4.6 mm, 5 μm） at 25 ℃. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.01 M phosphate buffer （pH 3.5）. The present methods were specific for the determination of enantiomers of each chiral drug. The absolute recoveries of the enantiomers and internal standards were 〉78%. The relative recoveries of the enantiomers were approximately 100%. The intra- and inter-day variations were 〈 15%. The method was reproducible and sufficiently sensitive to determine the enantiomers of seven aryloxy aminopropanol drugs in transport medium. The method could be used to study the transport of atenolol, sotalol, celiprolol, carvedilol, metoprolol, propranolol and propafenone.

手性固定相法和手性衍生化法拆分β-受体阻断剂类药物及其结构类似物

目的 :建立一些 β-受体阻断剂类药物及其结构类似物的手性高效液相色谱拆分方法。方法 :利用 Chiral-cel OD和 Chiralpak AD两种手性固定相及 GITC手性衍生化试剂 ,对 11种药物进行手性拆分研究。结果 :普萘洛尔、阿替洛尔、比索洛尔、美托洛尔、塞利洛尔、卡维地洛、索他洛尔、普罗帕酮、麻黄碱和佐米曲普坦都在一种或几种色谱条件下得到了较好的分离。柱温对 Chiralcel OD的拆分因子影响较大 ,相同条件下柱温越低 ,药物拆分因子越大。结论 :用 OD和 AD两种手性固定相和 GITC手性衍生化法拆分 β-受体阻断剂等

人尿中D/L甲基苯丙胺和D/L苯丙胺的光学对映体分析及代谢研究

建立了尿中Ｄ／ＬＡＭＰ和ＭＡＭＰ光学对映体的ＧＣ和ＧＣ／ＭＳ分析方法．药物与手性衍生化试剂Ｌ－ＴＰＣ反应，转化为相应的非对映体并在普通的毛细管上得到分离．方法简便、快速，回收率大于８０％，最低检出限为２～５ｎｇ／ｍＬ．方法可用于药物立体代谢机理研究，也可在法庭科学中用于判断药物来源及毒作用．

柱前衍生化RP-HPLC法分离苯乙醇胺类化合物对映体

目的以2,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖异硫氰酸酯(GITC)为手性衍生化试剂,建立苯乙醇胺类化合物对映体RP-HPLC分离分析方法。方法采用RP-HPLC法。考察了衍生化反应中碱化试剂和衍生化试剂的浓度等反应条件对衍生化产率的影响,并考察流动相的组成和pH值等因素对生成的非对映异构体分离的影响。讨论了化合物的分子结构对手性衍生化及衍生后的非对映异构体色谱分离的影响。结果在三乙胺和GITC的浓度分别为10和5 mmol.L-1的乙腈溶液中,室温下反应20 min后,有5个苯乙醇胺化合物转化成相应的非对映异构体的硫脲衍生物。在色谱条件为:Diamonsil C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),30 mmol.L-1醋酸铵(pH6.0)-乙腈(体积比为50∶50)为流动相,检测波长254 nm,流速1.0 mL.min-1,室温下,5个苯乙醇胺化合物对映体衍生化后非对映异构体的分离度达到4以上。结论该方法可作为苯乙醇胺类化合物对映体分离的方法之一。

氟西汀衍生物对映体在直链淀粉手性固定相上的拆分

目的:建立用手性固定相拆分氟西汀的NBD-COCl衍生物对映体的高效液相色谱方法。方法:色谱柱为Chiralpalk AD-RH(150nm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水或乙腈-水,荧光法检测。结果:用甲醇或乙腈作改性剂均能拆分氟西汀衍生物对映体。结论:温度对对映体拆分影响较大;氢键作用力不是溶质和手性固定相之间的主要作用力。

β-环糊精类液相色谱固定相及其手性拆分应用研究进展

β-环糊精是以1,4-糖苷键首尾相连的环状低聚糖,具有手性识别功能,特别是衍生化的β-环糊精键合固定相,对手性化合物具有良好的拆分能力。本文介绍了β-环糊精的结构和性质,综述了各种衍生化的β-环糊精液相色谱键合固定相及其在手性化合物拆分中的应用。

手性荧光衍生化反相高效液相色谱法分离肾上腺素对映体

以R (- ) /S (+) 4 (N ,N dimethylaminosulfonyl) 7 (3 iso thiocyanatopyrrolidino) 2 ,1,3 benzoxadiazole(DBD PyNCS)为手性荧光衍生化试剂 ,用反相高效液相色谱法 (RP HPLC)对 DL 肾上腺素对映体进行分离。衍生化反应是在含有 7%吡啶的溶剂中 ,6 5℃温度条件下反应 35min ,生成具有荧光特性的肾上腺素非对映体衍生物(λex=4 6 0nm ,λem=5 5 0nm)。生成的非对映体衍生物在流动相为乙腈 水 (体积比为 2 8∶72 ) ,流速为 1 0mL/min时 ,在DiamonsilTMC18色谱柱 (15 0mm× 4 6mmi d ,5 μm)上分离度可达 2 6。肾上腺素对映体在 0 0 7g/L～ 0 5 0g/L时与峰面积呈良好的线性关系 (r =0 9995 ) ,峰面积测定结果的相对标准偏差为 4 3% (n =7) ,最低检测限为12ng/L(S/N =3)。

氨基酸对映体的手性薄层色谱拆分

设计并制备了3,5_二硝基苯甲酰基取代的 β_环糊精薄层色谱键合固定相 ,用于拆分丹磺酰化氨基酸对映体。该键合相合成方法简单 ,性能稳定 ,适用于正相和反相液相色谱。以乙腈 -1 %(φ)乙酸三乙胺 -乙酸为展开系统 ,8对丹磺酰化氨基酸对映体得到良好分离 ,对映异构体之间的相对比移值α为1.18～1.63。该文对色谱拆分机理及色谱分离条件进行了较详细的讨论。

GITC手性试剂衍生化高效液相色谱法分离测定血浆中普罗帕酮对映体

目的：建立分离测定血浆中普罗帕酮（ＰＰＦ） 对映体浓度的ＨＰＬＣ方法，为临床对ＰＰＦ对映体的药动学研究提供分析技术。方法：用乙酰葡萄糖异硫氰酸酯（ＧＩＴＣ） 作手性衍生化试剂，产生非对映异构体。以含０ ．０１ ％ 冰醋酸的乙腈－ 水（３∶２）为流动相。采用内标法，紫外检测波长为２１０ｎｍ 。结果：实验表明，Ｒ－ ＰＰＦ与Ｓ－ ＰＰＦ的分离度好。日内、日间的ＲＳＤ 均小于１１ ％ 。血药浓度在５０ ～５００ｎｇ·ｍｌ－１ 范围内呈线性关系，ｒ ＞ ０．９９６ 。

柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定乳酸的光学纯度

用苯胺将乳酸衍生化,得到的对映体衍生物在DNB-Leucine柱上进行了拆分,建立了一种用柱前手性衍生化结合手性固定相正相高效液相色谱法检测乳酸光学纯度的方法,并考察了流动相组成和柱温对其分离的影响。分离结果经二极管阵列紫外检测器检测,以及与对照品比较得到确认。当流动相为V(正己烷)∶V(乙醇)=90∶10,温度为25℃,流速为1.5 mL/min时,乳酸达到基线分离,分离因子达1.30以上。将此法测定乳酸光学纯度的结果与旋光仪方法测定的结果进行比较,相对偏差不超过2%。本方法可用于乳酸对映体的光学纯度准确检测。

柱前衍生化法分离3-羟基丁酸乙酯光学异构体

采用三氟乙酸酐柱前衍生化在β-环糊精毛细管柱(CyclodexB)上分离3-羟基丁酸乙酯光学异构体。考察了衍生化反应条件对3-羟基丁酸乙酯衍生化反应的影响,柱温对3-羟基丁酸乙酯衍生物3-(2,2,2-三氟乙酰氧基)丁酸乙酯光学异构体分离的影响。通过光学异构体分离过程中的热力学参数的计算,探讨光学异构体分离过程的驱动力。实验结果表明,当三氟乙酸酐与3-羟基丁酸乙酯的摩尔比为5∶1时,室温下反应5min,3-羟基丁酸乙酯可定量转化成3-(2,2,2-三氟乙酰氧基)丁酸乙酯;在柱温为62℃时,3-(2,2,2-三氟乙酰氧基)丁酸乙酯光学异构体的分离因子(α)和分离度(R)分别为1.02和1.26。而且,3-(2,2,2-三氟乙酰氧基)丁酸乙酯光学异构体的拆分过程主要是一个焓驱动的过程,且β-环糊精表面与3-(2,2,2-三氟乙酰氧基)丁酸乙酯之间的相互作用在其分离过程中起了重要作用。