Three Subjects and Seven Duties Model:Empowering Informatization Teaching Ability of Pre-Service Teachers

By constructing a model,this study seeks to provide suggestions for strengthening pre-service teachers’informatization teaching ability.It aims to answer the following research questions:(1)What do the pre-service teachers know about informatization instruction?What is their level of informatization teaching ability?(2)What factors influence pre-service teachers’ability to deliver informatization instruction?How to overcome the obstacles?The inquiry focuses on the theoretical exploration of informatization teaching ability,questionnaire,and interview analysis on the current condition and improvement of pre-service teachers’informatization teaching ability.The data from the questionnaire and interview of the pre-service teachers were evaluated from three dimensions:awareness and attitude towards informatization teaching,knowledge of informatization teaching,and the ability to apply informatization teaching skills innovatively and comprehensively.The 3S-7D(Three Subjects and Seven Duties)model consisting of three subjects and the seven duties that go with them is established.The three subjects include pre-service teachers,teacher educators,and higher education schools.The seven duties involve pre-service teachers demonstrating learning motivation,cross-discipline thinking,and information and communications technology mastery;teacher educators actively constructing informatization teaching practice and formative assessment;and higher education schools providing adequate hardware and software equipment while offering cooperative opportunities with primary and junior schools through institutionalization.

Professional Development of Rural PE Teachers from the Perspective of PCK:A Case Study of Huaiji County

Based on the four dimensions of PCK,this paper investigates the professional development of rural PE teachers in Huaiji County by using the research methods of literature,questionnaire,interview and mathematical statistics.Based on PCK related theories,this paper analyzes the current situation of professional development of rural PE teachers in Huaiji County,explores the problems existing in the process of professional development,and provides an optimal path for the professional development of rural PE teachers,so as to improve the teaching ability and classroom quality of rural PE teachers,and promote the further development of rural PE education under the background of new curriculum reform.Through the research,it is found that the shortcomings of rural PE teachers are:lack of situational knowledge;lack of understanding of the course content;not flexible use of teaching representation;low ability to identify the differences of students learning styles;lack of understanding of social environment,etc.

ESL pre-service teachers＇ views of Teaching Practice supervision and assessment in Nigeria

This paper suggests that English as a Second Language （ESL） pre-service teachers＇ views and opinions about Teaching Practices be used by faculty to make TP more effective and interesting for the professional development of teachers. The main objective was to study the motivational dimensions of Teaching Practice （TP）, analyze trainees perception of the strength of their content courses （knowledge base） and pedagogy programme （psychology, teaching methods）, and investigate the quality of TP orientation program supervision and assessment by faculty （teacher trainers）. A survey was carried out to determine procedures and processes for minimizing anxieties and fears concerning TP and the relationship between faculty and trainees, mentoring and monitoring procedures, the giving of feedback and utilization of the views of students. Questionnaires were used to obtain information on the content courses or subjects which students found difficult, irrelevant or not adequately taught, what faculty should do to make TP experience better and rewarding to make them become professional teachers. Participants in the study found pedagogy courses relevant to their training and quite enjoyable. They also acknowledge that the courses help them to develop learner centered instructional skills and competence in classroom management. On the contrary, participants confessed they were weak in grammar and spoken English because these were not adequately taught, they also limited exposure to reading and writing. Focused group discussion with students revealed that TP Orientation Programs were too crowded and ill-organized to meet their needs and reduce their anxiety. The points of focus of the orientation-dress code, comportment in schools-were not as crucial as some issues-mentoring, relationship between faculty and students-which were left out. Respondents rated TP supervision and assessment very low because of inadequacies in the number of visits, lack of feedback and low level interaction with their trainers. Some of the students used peer interaction, self-development and self-study skills to improve their skills and cope with TP. The results suggest that knowledge base of students in ESL courses need to be strengthened and enriched. Orientation program should be geared towards trainee＇s needs. Also supervision and assessment require a lot of improvement while faculty should give prompt feedback and utilize trainees＇ opinions and views for meeting students＇ needs and improving TP.

Mathematics Knowledge of Proof in Geometry： Pre-Service Teachers＇ Perspectives

This article is based on research on pre-service teachers＇ perspectives on their mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study was framed using tile mathematical knowledge for teaching framework. This qualitative study employed the use of a task-based worksheet, focus group sessions and semi-structured individual interviews. The task-based worksheet was completed by 180 pre-service mathematics teachers （second, third and fourth year mathematics education students）. Pre-service mathematics teachers are student teachers who have not yet completed their training to become teachers. After the analysis of the task-based worksheet, 20 participants were invited to participate in focus group sessions and individual interviews. The findings of the study reveal that the participants possess peripheral mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study aims at assisting pre-service teachers and interested educationists to explore innovative methods of acquiring and imparting mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study proposes possible changes in curriculum at school and university level.

Genre Analysis on the Abstracts of Graduation Papers Written by Pre-service Teachers of English

As a particular genre,Abstract is a growing field of study in linguistics. Move analysis is one aspect that has conducted to describe RA abstract. This article analyzed the particular genre with the purpose of helping them work out good abstracts for academic writing to improve their ability of doing research. One hundred abstracts were selected randomly from all the 450 graduation papers written by Eng lish-major pre-service teachers in 2010 in Hunan First Normal University in China. These informative abstracts were analyzed with the framework of Hyland's 2000 Model. The results revealed that these English-major pre-service teachers haven't done well in the abstract writing for their graduation paper, most of whom have no good understanding about the move model and move sequence, which impli cates that explicit introduction of terms of genre, move and move sequence etc., and training on how to write good abstracts in future study are really needed.

An Investigation on Pre-service English Teachers’ Perceptions Toward Using Portfolio Assessment in English Writing Teaching at Middle Schools

According to curriculum reform,more diversified ways of evaluation on students are needed.In response to the need of this,recent years have seen an increase in using portfolio assessment as evaluation method in English writing teaching,which is a kind of formative assessment.Prior studies investigated the effects of portfolio assessment on improving students’writing abilities from students’points of views.However,this thesis is set from the angles of pre-service teachers,which looks at their perceptions to using portfolio assessment in teaching writing.

A Research of Pre-service Teachers' Lead-in Strategies in English Teaching

Lead-in, referring to the teaching activities at the very beginning of a class, is one of the most basic steps in English classroom teaching. Short though it is, it plays an essential role in arousing students' attention, stirring up students' interest, enhancing their motivation, activating the atmosphere of classroom teaching, and achieving teaching objectives. Based on the previous literature about lead-in, the author first discusses the importance and functions of lead-in, and then analyzes some lead-in strategies on the basis of the 17 teaching cases of pre-service English teachers.

Pre-Service Teachers Attitude towards Teaching Environmental Education (EE) during Practicum in Malaysian Primary Schools

Environmental Education (EE) has been introduced into the Malaysian Curriculum since 1992. Related to that, EE was found to be an important subject that must be known by the teachers, prior to teach EE indirectly in the classroom. Problems occurred while implementing EE in schools such as;less knowledge about EE an extra burden among teachers to teach. At Teachers Training Institute (TTI), EE is a compulsory subject due to complete their training and this study carried out to identify the attitude of teaching EE among pre-service teachers’. The reliability of the items showed 0.830 cronbach’s alpha. One hundred and twenty five respondents among pre-service teachers’ were analyzed and the result shows pre-service teachers’ have positive attitude towards teaching EE in classroom. Analysis of data shown that there are significant differences between male and female pre-service teachers’ in attitude of teaching, with t = 0.036 (p 0.05).

Pre-service Early Childhood Teachers’ Attitude Towards Mathematics: A Jamaican Inquiry

The purpose of the study was to evaluate Jamaican early childhood pre-service teachers’attitudes towards mathematics.The study is designed according to the quantitative survey model in the descriptive type.In this study,a modified version of the Fennema-Sherman mathematics attitude scale was used to measure the mathematics attitude of 144 early childhood pre-service teachers in four different categories of the attitude scale(mathematics usefulness,confidence in learning mathematics,mathematics anxiety,and mathematics motivation).The data were collected from participants in the five teachers’colleges that offer the early childhood education program in Jamaica.The findings revealed that Jamaican early childhood pre-service teachers generally have a more positive attitude towards mathematics.A comparison among the different year groups revealed that a significantly greater percentage of the Year two group of participants possessed a more positive mathematics attitude than the other year groups.A significantly higher percentage of the Year three group indicated that they do not want to teach the subject in the future.The findings have implications for the teaching and learning of mathematics in the early childhood education program in Jamaica and,by extension,the teaching and learning of mathematics at the early childhood level of the education system.

Pre-service Early Childhood Teachers’Attitude Towards Mathematics:A Jamaican Inquiry

The purpose of the study was to evaluate Jamaican early childhood pre-service teachers’attitudes towards mathematics.The study is designed according to the quantitative survey model in the descriptive type.In this study,a modified version of the Fennema-Sherman mathematics attitude scale was used to measure the mathematics attitude of 144 early childhood pre-service teachers in four different categories of the attitude scale(mathematics usefulness,confidence in learning mathematics,mathematics anxiety,and mathematics motivation).The data were collected from participants in the five teachers’colleges that offer the early childhood education program in Jamaica.The findings revealed that Jamaican early childhood pre-service teachers generally have a more positive attitude towards mathematics.A comparison among the different year groups revealed that a significantly greater percentage of the Year two group of participants possessed a more positive mathematics attitude than the other year groups.A significantly higher percentage of the Year three group indicated that they do not want to teach the subject in the future.The findings have implications for the teaching and learning of mathematics in the early childhood education program in Jamaica and,by extension,the teaching and learning of mathematics at the early childhood level of the education system.

Understanding the Process of Pre-service EFL Teachers＇ Reflective Thinking on Classroom Interaction

Based on Dewey＇s （1933） connotation on reflection, this study focuses on the process ofpre-service EFL （English as a foreign language） teachers＇ reflective thinking. There are eight teachers participating in the study during their practicum. Their reflective diary, the interviews between the researchers and the teachers, and classroom observation data are triangulated each other. The features of their reflection process are concluded： （1） Their reflections tend to be spontaneous interpretation; （2） their reflective thinking is partly ＂reasoning＂ phases; and （3） they depend on the authorities in the process of reflective thinking. Some implications are made for the guidelines in EFL teachers＇ practicum

Beliefs about Language Learning Held by Pre-service Teachers:A case study

Language learning beliefs play a very important role in influencing learners' attitudes,motivations and also shape their experiences and actions in classroom.Successful learners develop insightful beliefs about language learning process,their own abilities and the use of effective strategies.However language learning beliefs can be different because of individual learner differences and contextual diversity.This study aimed at exploring beliefs about language learning held by pre-service teachers.159 pre-service teachers majoring in English at Qianan Normal College for Nationalities participated in the study.A 34-item questionnaire adapted from Horwitz's(1987) BALLI was used to collect the data.The results were reported and discussed from the following five aspects:1) beliefs about foreign language aptitude,2) beliefs about difficulty of language learning,3) beliefs about nature of language learning,4) beliefs about learning and communication strategies,and 5) beliefs about motivation and expectations.Suggestions on pedagogical implications and for future research were also indicated.

A Task-oriented Approach to the Pre-service Teacher Education in the Classroom of English Teaching Methodology （ETM）

This paper concerns itself with a task-oriented approach to the pre-service teacher education in the Classroom of English Teaching Methodology （ETM）. We attempt to use an explicit theoretic framework to guide the practice of ETM classroom in teacher education. The basic assumption is that we can use methodology which we use in teaching language, and apply those techniques and methods to train student teachers. By this approach the student teachers can adopt a research orientation to their own classrooms and their own teaching, an inquiry-based and discovery-oriented approach to learning is greatly emphasized, and they also can form the habit of generating theories and hypotheses and reflecting critically on teaching.

How to Cultivate an Excellent English-Teacher-in-Future?-A Study on the Changes on Pre-service Language Teacher Identity During the Practicum

For the teacher’s professional development,identity plays a crucial role in promoting the teacher’s maturity and skills.For pre-service teachers,the level of identity determines whether they are willing or even determined to take teaching as their future career,and also represents whether their professional development is smooth.Therefore,the research on pre-service teachers’identity is of great significance.Combining quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis,this study aims to explore whether the identity of pre-service English teachers changes before and after the practicum and the influencing factors during the practicum through questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews.Based on the four dimensions of identity proposed by Xun,Sun,and Peng(2014),this study investigated the juniors before their practice and the seniors who had practiced for two months.It is found that the scores of careers belonging,foreign language teaching belief,English proficiency,work involvement,professional behaviour tendency,and foreign language teaching reform are higher than those of the students before the practicum.Through semi-structured interviews,it can be concluded that the factors affecting identity include personal factors,mentor factors,job content,and organizational support factors.According to the survey results,this study puts forward corresponding suggestions to improve the positive impact of practicum on students’identity.

Developing Pre-service Teachers’ICT Teaching Competency:Supporting Elements,Major Issues,and Possible Paths-Analysis Based on the Survey of 20 Normal Universities and Colleges

Based on the increasingly prominent power of information technology in the innovative development of education,people pay more attention to the information and communications technology(ICT)teaching competency of pre-service teachers.In order to explore the supporting elements,key issues,and possible paths of current normal universities and colleges in cultivating pre-service teachers’ICT teaching competency,this study collects the survey data of graduates from 20 normal universities and colleges at provincial&ministerial,local,and junior levels.Based on the total quality management theory,technology acceptance model,and pre-service teachers’ICT teaching competency framework,it carries out the survey and analysis from three aspects:supporting elements,supporting effects,and ability development.The study finds that the support of personnel,facilities,curriculum,mechanism,and environment provided by normal universities and colleges does not play a full role in improving the ICT teaching competency of pre-service teachers.There are still great differences among different levels of universities and colleges.Among them,the influence of personnel support and curriculum support should be greatly strengthened,and facility support is even more inhibited.Based on these findings,it puts forward some strategies that are conducive to better cultivating the ICT teaching competency of pre-service teachers in the pre-service education stage,to make them adapt to the new standards and requirements for teachers in the new era.

Information behaviors of Chinese K-12physical education teachers:A survey study

Purpose: Given the unique characteristics of physical education(PE) teaching in K-12education,PE teachers' information behaviors deserve special attention.This article reports a survey study of PE teachers' information behaviors,covering information literacy skills and behaviors of information seeking and information use.Design/methodology/approach:A questionnaire survey was conducted of K-12 PE teachers in the Tianjin municipal region of China,with a response rate of 61.9%.Findings:PE teachers lack skills with information retrieval systems in general.The Internet continues to be their primary information source,and they rely more on personal collection and colleagues than the school library for teaching materials.They rarely develop a searching strategy,employ querying tactics,or use advanced search functions,and they tend to be content with finding a few relevant articles.Research limitations:The survey is limited to the Tianjin municipal region in scope.Though attempting to reach 210 participants from 40 schools,it yielded only 130 valid responses.A larger survey covering more regions and with greater responses may be useful.Practical implications:Insights from this study inform the educational and on-job training of K-12 PE teachers to improve their information literacy skills.Originality/value:Little research exists on PE teachers' behaviors of information seeking.This study bridges the gap and enriches our understanding of K-12 teachers' information behaviors.

推进幸福体育课程模式实施的价值意蕴、面临问题与多元途径

幸福体育课程模式是深化体育课程改革的必然选择,是体育课程一体化精准实施的具体范式。当前,幸福体育课程模式仍处于理论初创与实践探索阶段,在该课程模式有效实施方面面临着诸多问题和挑战。体育是为健康还是为健康而幸福的人生的认识问题亟待统一;幸福体育课程模式在体育课堂如何呈现问题需要明确;幸福体育课程模式的协调发展和协同推进问题需要重点把握。有效推进幸福体育课程模式需要系统性地整体规划和精准有效地实施。从教师的角度,需要全面提升实施能力;从课程系统性变革的角度,需要整体布局并形成合力;从课堂教学的角度,需要把握学生的真实感受;从课内外体育联动协同角度,需要有明确的分工和相互的协同。

PE-PCK:提升职前体育教师教学技能的基石

运用文献资料法对PCK理论进行梳理,并提出其对发展职前体育教师教学技能的启示。认为:PE-PCK是PCK理论在体育学科的具体运用,可有效帮助职前体育教师学习、理解教学;应以PE-PCK发展带动职前体育教师教学技能的发展,教育实习、课例研究、模拟上课是重要实施途径。

“双减”政策下体育教师专业发展探析——基于教育生态学视角

运用文献资料、逻辑分析、实地调研等方法,基于教育生态学视角厘清“双减”政策下的教育目标、体育教师专业发展价值与困境,并提出发展策略。困境:体育教师职业的社会认同有待提升,体育教师所处的区域差异亟须关注,体育教师专业发展的内在动力不足。策略:创设他者承认的社会支持环境,化解专业认同危机;健全因地制宜的配套政策,实现教师群体的协调发展;激发体育教师的内在动力,提高专业发展自主性。

教育数字化背景下高校公体教师教学能力的发展

运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,探析教育数字化背景下高校公体教师的教学能力发展问题。教育数字化背景下高校公体教师教学能力发展的内涵主要体现在数字能力,数字教学能力和数字内容能力三个方面。政策与实践导向利好,科技与人文同向助力,教学潜能蕴藏丰厚为高校公体教师的教学能力发展提供了良好的机遇。然而,教师主导系统的理念滞后和协同不足,技术赋能系统的技术失衡与人文缺憾,以及教学组织系统的驱动乏力和保障困难是目前存在的主要难题。建议加强顶层设计与引导,协同推进教育数字化理念落实;平衡数字化与教学能力发展,促进科技与人文应然归位;统筹多元组织力量,构划主体性教学组织系统。