This study aimed to investigate the absorption characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium and rules in fertilizer demand by young Phoebe bournei forest. The results showed that the nitro...This study aimed to investigate the absorption characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium and rules in fertilizer demand by young Phoebe bournei forest. The results showed that the nitrogen, phosphoruS, potassium and magnesium contents in young Phoebe bournei leaves were increased with the proceeding of growth, but the calcium content was increased. During the growth period, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium contents were relatively high in June, July and August. This study will help to understand the nu- tritional characteristics and fertilizer demand rules of young Phoebe boumei forest, thereby providing scientific theoretical guidance for application of fertilizer in Phoebe bournei.展开更多
Tourism demand forecasting has attracted substantial interest because of the significant economic contributions of the fast-growing tourism industry. Although various quantitative forecasting techniques have been wide...Tourism demand forecasting has attracted substantial interest because of the significant economic contributions of the fast-growing tourism industry. Although various quantitative forecasting techniques have been widely studied, highly accurate and understandable forecasting models have not been developed. The present paper proposes a novel tourism demand forecasting method that extracts fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） rules from trained SVMs. Unlike previous approaches, this study uses fuzzy T-S models extracted from the outputs of trained SVMs on tourism data. Owing to the symbolic fuzzy rules and the generalization ability of SVMs, the extracted fuzzy T-S rules exhibit high forecasting accuracy and include understandable pre-condition parts for practitioners. Based on the tourism demand forecasting problem in Hong Kong SAR, China as a case study, empirical findings on tourist arrivals from nine overseas origins reveal that the proposed approach performs comparably with SVMs and can achieve better prediction accuracy than other forecasting techniques for most origins. The findings demonstrated that decision makers can easily interpret fuzzy T-S rules extracted from SVMs. Thus, the approach is highly beneficial to tourism market management. This finding demonstrates the excellent scientific and practical values of the proposed approach in tourism demand forecasting.展开更多
To meet the end-user's dynamically changed requirements for software and achieve the on-demand changes of operational process in time, based on the Goal model and the Process model, the user's personalized ope...To meet the end-user's dynamically changed requirements for software and achieve the on-demand changes of operational process in time, based on the Goal model and the Process model, the user's personalized operations of the related work were simplified and integrated, and rules for the cooperation between Goal and Process which fit for software engineers were proposed and formalized. The user's personalized operations of the related work were analyzed to conclude the pattern of Goal modification. By the direct drive of Goal modification, the corresponding changes of Process were induced and specified. Then rules for the cooperation between Goal and Process were concluded and the formalization was achieved in Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). In this paper, reasoning support was provided for the model modification based on ontology and the dynamic evolution of Process model.展开更多
基金Supported by Forestry Science and Technology Plan Projects of Hunan Province(XLK201406)~~
文摘This study aimed to investigate the absorption characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium and rules in fertilizer demand by young Phoebe bournei forest. The results showed that the nitrogen, phosphoruS, potassium and magnesium contents in young Phoebe bournei leaves were increased with the proceeding of growth, but the calcium content was increased. During the growth period, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium contents were relatively high in June, July and August. This study will help to understand the nu- tritional characteristics and fertilizer demand rules of young Phoebe boumei forest, thereby providing scientific theoretical guidance for application of fertilizer in Phoebe bournei.
文摘Tourism demand forecasting has attracted substantial interest because of the significant economic contributions of the fast-growing tourism industry. Although various quantitative forecasting techniques have been widely studied, highly accurate and understandable forecasting models have not been developed. The present paper proposes a novel tourism demand forecasting method that extracts fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） rules from trained SVMs. Unlike previous approaches, this study uses fuzzy T-S models extracted from the outputs of trained SVMs on tourism data. Owing to the symbolic fuzzy rules and the generalization ability of SVMs, the extracted fuzzy T-S rules exhibit high forecasting accuracy and include understandable pre-condition parts for practitioners. Based on the tourism demand forecasting problem in Hong Kong SAR, China as a case study, empirical findings on tourist arrivals from nine overseas origins reveal that the proposed approach performs comparably with SVMs and can achieve better prediction accuracy than other forecasting techniques for most origins. The findings demonstrated that decision makers can easily interpret fuzzy T-S rules extracted from SVMs. Thus, the approach is highly beneficial to tourism market management. This finding demonstrates the excellent scientific and practical values of the proposed approach in tourism demand forecasting.
基金National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 program) (No. 2007CB310801)Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities,China (No. 201121102020004)
文摘To meet the end-user's dynamically changed requirements for software and achieve the on-demand changes of operational process in time, based on the Goal model and the Process model, the user's personalized operations of the related work were simplified and integrated, and rules for the cooperation between Goal and Process which fit for software engineers were proposed and formalized. The user's personalized operations of the related work were analyzed to conclude the pattern of Goal modification. By the direct drive of Goal modification, the corresponding changes of Process were induced and specified. Then rules for the cooperation between Goal and Process were concluded and the formalization was achieved in Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). In this paper, reasoning support was provided for the model modification based on ontology and the dynamic evolution of Process model.
