Among the crop production factors,preceding crop and tillage management affect the sustainable use of soil resources and ultimately crop growth and productivity.This study aimed at investigating the impact of precedin...Among the crop production factors,preceding crop and tillage management affect the sustainable use of soil resources and ultimately crop growth and productivity.This study aimed at investigating the impact of preceding winter crops(grass or legume)and different tillage systems on forage yield,quality and nutritive values of three summer grass(Sudan grass,pearl millet and teosinte)and two legume forage crops(cowpea and guar)under arid conditions.The results exhibited that growing forage crops after legumes(as berseem clover)produced the highest fresh and dry forage yields and quality attributes compared with grasses(as wheat)with the exception of crude fiber content,which was decreased.Moreover,tillage practices showed positive impact on forage yields and quality attributes.The maximum forage yields and quality parameters were recorded under conventional tillage(CT)practice compared with reduced tillage(RT)and no-tillage(NT)systems.Among the evaluated crops,the highest yields of fresh forage,dry forage,crude fiber,crude protein and total digestible nutrient were exhibited by grass forage crops(Sudan grass,pearl millet and teosinte),whereas the highest crude protein content and the digestible energy values were produced by legume forage crops(cowpea and guar).The maximum fresh forage,dry forage,crude fiber,crude protein,total digestible nutrient and digestible crude protein yields were produced by pearl millet followed by Sudan grass under CT and RT after berseem clover.The highest net return was recorded by sowing pearl millet after berseem clover and applying CT followed by RT practices,which could be recommended for the commercial production.Moreover,it could be assumed that the combination of growing grass forage crops after legume crops under CT or RT systems could enhance forage crop yield and quality with an improvement in soil properties for sustainable agriculture with low cost and the highest net income.展开更多
In an Internet based multi-operator and multi-robot system (IMOMR), operators have to work collaboratively to overcome the constraints of space and time. Inherently, the activities among them can be defined as a compu...In an Internet based multi-operator and multi-robot system (IMOMR), operators have to work collaboratively to overcome the constraints of space and time. Inherently, the activities among them can be defined as a computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). As a practical application of CSCW, a collaborative task planning system (CTPS) for IMOMR is proposed in this paper on the basis of Petri nets. Its definition, components design, and concrete implementation are given in detail, respectively. As a result, a clear collaboration mechanism of multiple operators in an IMOMR is obtained to guarantee their task planning.展开更多
The effects of two culture systems, conventional and no-till combined the previous crop （lentil and wheat） on soil properties were studied in the experimental site of the station Technical Institute for Field Crops ...The effects of two culture systems, conventional and no-till combined the previous crop （lentil and wheat） on soil properties were studied in the experimental site of the station Technical Institute for Field Crops （ITGC） Setif （Algeria） during the crop year 2011/2012. The results indicate that the no-till system affects positively the variables of soil properties and the organic matter has a rate of 2.89% compared to 2.44% in conventional tillage. If the conventional system has an infiltration of moisture relatively higher than that observed for no-till throughout the cycle, the no-tillage is distinguished by a higher storage of moisture at the end of cycle wheat cultivation. The results also indicate that the density （1.44 g/cm）, permeability （22.79 cm/h） and soil compaction （12.51 kg/cm） in no-till were significantly higher compared to conventional tillage 1.35 g/cm, 14.13 cm/h, 7.40 kg/cm, respectively.展开更多
Traditionally, the AI community assumes that a knowledge base must be consistent. Despite that, there are many applications where, due to the existence of rules with exceptions, inconsistent knowledge must be consider...Traditionally, the AI community assumes that a knowledge base must be consistent. Despite that, there are many applications where, due to the existence of rules with exceptions, inconsistent knowledge must be considered. One way of restoring consistency is to withdraw conflicting rules;however, this will destroy part of the knowledge. Indeed, a better alternative would be to give precedence to exceptions. This paper proposes a dialogue system for coherent reasoning with inconsistent knowledge, which resolves conflicts by using precedence relations of three kinds: explicit precedence relation, which is synthesized from precedence rules;implicit precedence relation, which is synthesized from defeasible rules;mixed precedence relation, which is synthesized by combining explicit and implicit precedence relations.展开更多
探讨PRECEDE模式护理在老年慢阻肺急性加重期(AECOPD)住院患者中的应用效果。方法 选取120例老年AECOPD患者分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组予常规护理,观察组予PRECEDE模式护理。比较应用效果。 结果 护理后,观察组咳嗽改善时间(4...探讨PRECEDE模式护理在老年慢阻肺急性加重期(AECOPD)住院患者中的应用效果。方法 选取120例老年AECOPD患者分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组予常规护理,观察组予PRECEDE模式护理。比较应用效果。 结果 护理后,观察组咳嗽改善时间(4.58±0.94 vs 5.52±1.10 d)、咳痰改善时间(4.67±1.05 vs 5.87±1.1 3 d)、气促改善时间(3.83±0.86 vs 4.59±0.92 d)和住院时间(10.38±2.03 vs 12.34±2.31 d)少于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组(3.3% vs 15.0%),反映睡眠质量的PSQI评分低于对照组(7.84±1.50 vs 10.36±1.87分),反映心理状态的SAS评分(37.80±3.75 vs 45.61±4.09分)和SDS评分(35.42±3.53 vs 43.26±3.65分)低于对照组,呼吸功能锻炼意向评分(9.15±1.60 vs 7.54±1.36分)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 PRECEDE模式护理能促进老年AECOPD住院患者康复,减少并发症,改善睡眠质量和心理状态,并且能够提高呼吸功能锻炼意向。展开更多
目的应用PRECEDE（predisposing，reinforcing and enabling constructs in educational／environmental diagnosisand evalua—tion）模式探讨影响中青年冠状动脉硬化性心脏病（简称冠心病）患者健康行为的因素。方法根据PRECEDE模式...目的应用PRECEDE（predisposing，reinforcing and enabling constructs in educational／environmental diagnosisand evalua—tion）模式探讨影响中青年冠状动脉硬化性心脏病（简称冠心病）患者健康行为的因素。方法根据PRECEDE模式自制问卷，便利抽样选择因冠心病首次住院的中青年（18~59岁）患者222例作为研究对象，进行问卷调查和半结构式访谈，内容包括患者一般资料、日常行为习惯以及影响健康行为的相关因素。结果影响中青年冠心病患者健康行为的因素可分为倾向因素（患者健康知识匮乏、健康信念缺失）、促成因素（缺乏健康促进相关政策、有限的社区健康教育）和强化因素（缺乏家庭成员支持及娱乐文化）。结论为更有效促进中青年冠心病患者不良生活方式的改变，健康促进应充分考虑倾向因素、促成因素和强化因素。展开更多
基金the Agricultural Research Center,Giza,Egypt,and the Taif University Researchers Supporting Project(TURSP-2020/111),Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia for the technical and financial support to this research。
文摘Among the crop production factors,preceding crop and tillage management affect the sustainable use of soil resources and ultimately crop growth and productivity.This study aimed at investigating the impact of preceding winter crops(grass or legume)and different tillage systems on forage yield,quality and nutritive values of three summer grass(Sudan grass,pearl millet and teosinte)and two legume forage crops(cowpea and guar)under arid conditions.The results exhibited that growing forage crops after legumes(as berseem clover)produced the highest fresh and dry forage yields and quality attributes compared with grasses(as wheat)with the exception of crude fiber content,which was decreased.Moreover,tillage practices showed positive impact on forage yields and quality attributes.The maximum forage yields and quality parameters were recorded under conventional tillage(CT)practice compared with reduced tillage(RT)and no-tillage(NT)systems.Among the evaluated crops,the highest yields of fresh forage,dry forage,crude fiber,crude protein and total digestible nutrient were exhibited by grass forage crops(Sudan grass,pearl millet and teosinte),whereas the highest crude protein content and the digestible energy values were produced by legume forage crops(cowpea and guar).The maximum fresh forage,dry forage,crude fiber,crude protein,total digestible nutrient and digestible crude protein yields were produced by pearl millet followed by Sudan grass under CT and RT after berseem clover.The highest net return was recorded by sowing pearl millet after berseem clover and applying CT followed by RT practices,which could be recommended for the commercial production.Moreover,it could be assumed that the combination of growing grass forage crops after legume crops under CT or RT systems could enhance forage crop yield and quality with an improvement in soil properties for sustainable agriculture with low cost and the highest net income.
文摘In an Internet based multi-operator and multi-robot system (IMOMR), operators have to work collaboratively to overcome the constraints of space and time. Inherently, the activities among them can be defined as a computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). As a practical application of CSCW, a collaborative task planning system (CTPS) for IMOMR is proposed in this paper on the basis of Petri nets. Its definition, components design, and concrete implementation are given in detail, respectively. As a result, a clear collaboration mechanism of multiple operators in an IMOMR is obtained to guarantee their task planning.
文摘The effects of two culture systems, conventional and no-till combined the previous crop （lentil and wheat） on soil properties were studied in the experimental site of the station Technical Institute for Field Crops （ITGC） Setif （Algeria） during the crop year 2011/2012. The results indicate that the no-till system affects positively the variables of soil properties and the organic matter has a rate of 2.89% compared to 2.44% in conventional tillage. If the conventional system has an infiltration of moisture relatively higher than that observed for no-till throughout the cycle, the no-tillage is distinguished by a higher storage of moisture at the end of cycle wheat cultivation. The results also indicate that the density （1.44 g/cm）, permeability （22.79 cm/h） and soil compaction （12.51 kg/cm） in no-till were significantly higher compared to conventional tillage 1.35 g/cm, 14.13 cm/h, 7.40 kg/cm, respectively.
文摘Traditionally, the AI community assumes that a knowledge base must be consistent. Despite that, there are many applications where, due to the existence of rules with exceptions, inconsistent knowledge must be considered. One way of restoring consistency is to withdraw conflicting rules;however, this will destroy part of the knowledge. Indeed, a better alternative would be to give precedence to exceptions. This paper proposes a dialogue system for coherent reasoning with inconsistent knowledge, which resolves conflicts by using precedence relations of three kinds: explicit precedence relation, which is synthesized from precedence rules;implicit precedence relation, which is synthesized from defeasible rules;mixed precedence relation, which is synthesized by combining explicit and implicit precedence relations.
文摘探讨PRECEDE模式护理在老年慢阻肺急性加重期(AECOPD)住院患者中的应用效果。方法 选取120例老年AECOPD患者分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组予常规护理,观察组予PRECEDE模式护理。比较应用效果。 结果 护理后,观察组咳嗽改善时间(4.58±0.94 vs 5.52±1.10 d)、咳痰改善时间(4.67±1.05 vs 5.87±1.1 3 d)、气促改善时间(3.83±0.86 vs 4.59±0.92 d)和住院时间(10.38±2.03 vs 12.34±2.31 d)少于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组(3.3% vs 15.0%),反映睡眠质量的PSQI评分低于对照组(7.84±1.50 vs 10.36±1.87分),反映心理状态的SAS评分(37.80±3.75 vs 45.61±4.09分)和SDS评分(35.42±3.53 vs 43.26±3.65分)低于对照组,呼吸功能锻炼意向评分(9.15±1.60 vs 7.54±1.36分)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 PRECEDE模式护理能促进老年AECOPD住院患者康复,减少并发症,改善睡眠质量和心理状态,并且能够提高呼吸功能锻炼意向。
文摘目的应用PRECEDE（predisposing，reinforcing and enabling constructs in educational／environmental diagnosisand evalua—tion）模式探讨影响中青年冠状动脉硬化性心脏病（简称冠心病）患者健康行为的因素。方法根据PRECEDE模式自制问卷，便利抽样选择因冠心病首次住院的中青年（18~59岁）患者222例作为研究对象，进行问卷调查和半结构式访谈，内容包括患者一般资料、日常行为习惯以及影响健康行为的相关因素。结果影响中青年冠心病患者健康行为的因素可分为倾向因素（患者健康知识匮乏、健康信念缺失）、促成因素（缺乏健康促进相关政策、有限的社区健康教育）和强化因素（缺乏家庭成员支持及娱乐文化）。结论为更有效促进中青年冠心病患者不良生活方式的改变，健康促进应充分考虑倾向因素、促成因素和强化因素。
