The use of hyperthermia as a treatment in oncology is a common topic for debate. Some researchers expect a breakthrough in oncological treatments with hyperthermia, whereas others have disregarded the method. Serious ...The use of hyperthermia as a treatment in oncology is a common topic for debate. Some researchers expect a breakthrough in oncological treatments with hyperthermia, whereas others have disregarded the method. Serious questions concerning hyperthermia have arisen. Should homogeneous (isothermal) or heterogeneous (selective) heating being used? When we use selective heating (heterogeneity), should the entire tumour be targeted or should the malignant cells be individually selected? Does the mechanism involve thermal cell death or thermally-assisted cell death? Is the goal necrosis or apoptosis? Is hyperthermia safe as a monotherapy or does it have to be combined with conventional treatments? When the selection is local, how do we act on disseminated cells that represent a high risk of life threatening metastases? When local heating is the focus, how should it be carried out with measured and controlled? Our objective is to show how precise, selective heat transfer is necessary to remove malignant cells and, consequently, how hyperthermia as part of the immune-oncology can change the game in this promising field of oncological therapies.展开更多
In the 17th century society reflected in Moliere’s comedies money appears to be a fundamental power:Above all,it is defined as a way of life.From a certain point of view,in Moliere’s last works money appears tracing...In the 17th century society reflected in Moliere’s comedies money appears to be a fundamental power:Above all,it is defined as a way of life.From a certain point of view,in Moliere’s last works money appears tracing the channels of capital circulation or emphasizing the capital immobility marked by the avarice of the main characters.Money and particularly the inheritance or even the dowry represent an important value for the times and highlight a power in these works,which is by no means to be despised.On the one hand,we will be interested in the money mobility and immobility in Moliere’s last three comedies while sketching the socio-professional framework of his times,that of the bourgeoisie,and on the other,we will explore the psychological attitudes of the characters towards money and the means used to realize their own ambitions.展开更多
文摘The use of hyperthermia as a treatment in oncology is a common topic for debate. Some researchers expect a breakthrough in oncological treatments with hyperthermia, whereas others have disregarded the method. Serious questions concerning hyperthermia have arisen. Should homogeneous (isothermal) or heterogeneous (selective) heating being used? When we use selective heating (heterogeneity), should the entire tumour be targeted or should the malignant cells be individually selected? Does the mechanism involve thermal cell death or thermally-assisted cell death? Is the goal necrosis or apoptosis? Is hyperthermia safe as a monotherapy or does it have to be combined with conventional treatments? When the selection is local, how do we act on disseminated cells that represent a high risk of life threatening metastases? When local heating is the focus, how should it be carried out with measured and controlled? Our objective is to show how precise, selective heat transfer is necessary to remove malignant cells and, consequently, how hyperthermia as part of the immune-oncology can change the game in this promising field of oncological therapies.
文摘In the 17th century society reflected in Moliere’s comedies money appears to be a fundamental power:Above all,it is defined as a way of life.From a certain point of view,in Moliere’s last works money appears tracing the channels of capital circulation or emphasizing the capital immobility marked by the avarice of the main characters.Money and particularly the inheritance or even the dowry represent an important value for the times and highlight a power in these works,which is by no means to be despised.On the one hand,we will be interested in the money mobility and immobility in Moliere’s last three comedies while sketching the socio-professional framework of his times,that of the bourgeoisie,and on the other,we will explore the psychological attitudes of the characters towards money and the means used to realize their own ambitions.
