积层混合云是我国一种重要的降水系统,其降水既有对流云又有层状云特征。基于积层混合云的重要性,本文利用中尺度数值模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model),结合三维粒子运行增长模式对2012年5月29日北京地区的一次积层混...积层混合云是我国一种重要的降水系统,其降水既有对流云又有层状云特征。基于积层混合云的重要性,本文利用中尺度数值模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model),结合三维粒子运行增长模式对2012年5月29日北京地区的一次积层混合云降过程进行了模拟研究。模拟的降水与雷达回波与实测结果基本一致。在此基础上,重点分析了混合云系中积状云与层状云各自的微物理结构特征与降水的发生机理等。结果表明:降水过程云内存在着明显的"播种—供给"机制,层状云中"播种—供给"机制相对简单。而对流云区中由于降水粒子可以发生上下多次的循环增长,"播种—供给"机制可在云的上下层间双向进行,云中粒子群可以增长得更大。在积层混合云中,在低层,层状云中已有的水凝物粒子进入内嵌的积云块中,而在高层水成物粒子又从积云中落到层云中,积层混合云系充分发挥了积云和层云各自的优势,从而降水效率较高。展开更多
Experimental studies to demonstrate self healing potentials of Al-Mg-Si alloy were undertaken in this research work. Self healing exploring secondary precipitation in the Al-Mg-Si alloy and use of low melting metallic...Experimental studies to demonstrate self healing potentials of Al-Mg-Si alloy were undertaken in this research work. Self healing exploring secondary precipitation in the Al-Mg-Si alloy and use of low melting metallic alloy reinforcement (60Sn-40Pb alloy) were used as basis for the investigation. For the precipitation study, the Al-Mg-Si alloy was under-aged at temperature of 160oC for 10 minutes and then subjected to second step ageing treatment at four different temperatures within the range of 25oC and 70oC. In the 60Sn-40Pb alloy reinforced Al-Mg-Si alloy study, the samples were prepared in pre-cracked state and then subjected to healing heat-treatment at 250oC. For all cases tensile test and healing efficiency was used to analyze the results generated. It was observed that a second step thermal ageing at 50oC resulted in peak improvement in tensile strength, yield strength, toughness and percent elongation while ageing above this temperature lead to a drop in the tensile properties in comparison to that of the sample not subjected to a second ageing treatment. Also the use of 60Sn-40Pb alloy as reinforcement in the Al-Mg-Si alloy resulted in a healing efficiency of 91% after pre-cracking and heat-treatment. The satisfactory bonding between the 60Sn-40Pb alloy and the Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix contributed to the high healing efficiency observed.展开更多
文摘积层混合云是我国一种重要的降水系统,其降水既有对流云又有层状云特征。基于积层混合云的重要性,本文利用中尺度数值模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model),结合三维粒子运行增长模式对2012年5月29日北京地区的一次积层混合云降过程进行了模拟研究。模拟的降水与雷达回波与实测结果基本一致。在此基础上,重点分析了混合云系中积状云与层状云各自的微物理结构特征与降水的发生机理等。结果表明:降水过程云内存在着明显的"播种—供给"机制,层状云中"播种—供给"机制相对简单。而对流云区中由于降水粒子可以发生上下多次的循环增长,"播种—供给"机制可在云的上下层间双向进行,云中粒子群可以增长得更大。在积层混合云中,在低层,层状云中已有的水凝物粒子进入内嵌的积云块中,而在高层水成物粒子又从积云中落到层云中,积层混合云系充分发挥了积云和层云各自的优势,从而降水效率较高。
文摘Experimental studies to demonstrate self healing potentials of Al-Mg-Si alloy were undertaken in this research work. Self healing exploring secondary precipitation in the Al-Mg-Si alloy and use of low melting metallic alloy reinforcement (60Sn-40Pb alloy) were used as basis for the investigation. For the precipitation study, the Al-Mg-Si alloy was under-aged at temperature of 160oC for 10 minutes and then subjected to second step ageing treatment at four different temperatures within the range of 25oC and 70oC. In the 60Sn-40Pb alloy reinforced Al-Mg-Si alloy study, the samples were prepared in pre-cracked state and then subjected to healing heat-treatment at 250oC. For all cases tensile test and healing efficiency was used to analyze the results generated. It was observed that a second step thermal ageing at 50oC resulted in peak improvement in tensile strength, yield strength, toughness and percent elongation while ageing above this temperature lead to a drop in the tensile properties in comparison to that of the sample not subjected to a second ageing treatment. Also the use of 60Sn-40Pb alloy as reinforcement in the Al-Mg-Si alloy resulted in a healing efficiency of 91% after pre-cracking and heat-treatment. The satisfactory bonding between the 60Sn-40Pb alloy and the Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix contributed to the high healing efficiency observed.