The mesoscale orographic effects on typhoon Aere＇s precipitation are simulated using an Advanced Regional Eta-coordinate Model （AREM） version 3.0. In particular, the effects of the latent heat release are studied b...The mesoscale orographic effects on typhoon Aere＇s precipitation are simulated using an Advanced Regional Eta-coordinate Model （AREM） version 3.0. In particular, the effects of the latent heat release are studied by two comparable experiments： with and without condensational heating. The results show that the typhoon rainfall is tripled by the southeastern China mesoscale terrain, and the condensational heating is responsible for at least half of the increase. One role of the latent heat release is to warm the atmosphere, leading to a depression of the surface pressure, which then causes a larger pressure difference in the zonal direction. This pressure gradient guides the water vapour to flow into the foothills, which in turn amplifies the water vapour flux divergence amplified, causing the typhoon rainfall to increase eventually. The other role of the latent heat release is to make the convection more organized, resulting in a relatively smaller rain area and stronger precipitation.展开更多
Low-carbon Cr-Mo micro-alloyed deep drawing dual-phase steels were designed in laboratory. As the mi- crostructure and texture evolution in hot-rolled strips and annealed sheets were investigated using SEM, TEM and XR...Low-carbon Cr-Mo micro-alloyed deep drawing dual-phase steels were designed in laboratory. As the mi- crostructure and texture evolution in hot-rolled strips and annealed sheets were investigated using SEM, TEM and XRD technologies, the attribution of solute Mo and MoC particles to DP sheets＇ drawing capacity was investigated. The precipitation thermodynamics were also calculated by Thermo-calc software. Results show that the precipitates in hot-rolled strips mainly are MoC, AIN and MnS, and with the increase of Mo addition, finer and denser MoC par- ticles precipitated in matrix and along grain boundaries of ferrite more easily. Weak textures are shown in the hot- rolled strips, and {112}~110~ and {223}%110~ components tend to be stable in subsequent cold rolling process. During annealing, on one hand, the development of ~lll~//ND texture is suppressed because finer MoC particles prevent the grain boundary migration. On the other hand, unfavorable texture {001 } %110：〉 significantly reduces with Mo increasing, which is attributed to that part of solution C in matrix has been fixed during recrystallization. In addition, the addition of Mo can enhance hardenability strongly and MoC easily re-dissolve at high temperature, which is favor to form martensite in dual-phase steel.展开更多
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China under Grant No.2004CB418304the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.40505016,40575030 and 40233031.
文摘The mesoscale orographic effects on typhoon Aere＇s precipitation are simulated using an Advanced Regional Eta-coordinate Model （AREM） version 3.0. In particular, the effects of the latent heat release are studied by two comparable experiments： with and without condensational heating. The results show that the typhoon rainfall is tripled by the southeastern China mesoscale terrain, and the condensational heating is responsible for at least half of the increase. One role of the latent heat release is to warm the atmosphere, leading to a depression of the surface pressure, which then causes a larger pressure difference in the zonal direction. This pressure gradient guides the water vapour to flow into the foothills, which in turn amplifies the water vapour flux divergence amplified, causing the typhoon rainfall to increase eventually. The other role of the latent heat release is to make the convection more organized, resulting in a relatively smaller rain area and stronger precipitation.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50904006)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(FRT-TP-10-001A)
文摘Low-carbon Cr-Mo micro-alloyed deep drawing dual-phase steels were designed in laboratory. As the mi- crostructure and texture evolution in hot-rolled strips and annealed sheets were investigated using SEM, TEM and XRD technologies, the attribution of solute Mo and MoC particles to DP sheets＇ drawing capacity was investigated. The precipitation thermodynamics were also calculated by Thermo-calc software. Results show that the precipitates in hot-rolled strips mainly are MoC, AIN and MnS, and with the increase of Mo addition, finer and denser MoC par- ticles precipitated in matrix and along grain boundaries of ferrite more easily. Weak textures are shown in the hot- rolled strips, and {112}~110~ and {223}%110~ components tend to be stable in subsequent cold rolling process. During annealing, on one hand, the development of ~lll~//ND texture is suppressed because finer MoC particles prevent the grain boundary migration. On the other hand, unfavorable texture {001 } %110：〉 significantly reduces with Mo increasing, which is attributed to that part of solution C in matrix has been fixed during recrystallization. In addition, the addition of Mo can enhance hardenability strongly and MoC easily re-dissolve at high temperature, which is favor to form martensite in dual-phase steel.
